mysql5.6.14 安装笔记
1：下载mysql
http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/#downloads platfrom ：source code
2:先安装cmake（mysql5.5以后是通过cmake来编译的）
yum安装
yum install cmake
3：
mkdir /usr/local/mysql //安装目录 mkdir /mnt/resource/mysqldate //数据存放目录
4:
groupadd mysql useradd -r -g mysql mysql
5:
tar -zxvf mysql.5.6.14.tar.gz cd mysql.5.6.14.tar.gz
6 ：
mkdir build&& cd build
cmake ..
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/mnt/resource/mysqldate
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1
参数说明
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql //安装目录
-DINSTALL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data //数据库存放目录
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 //使用utf8字符
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci //校验字符
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all //安装所有扩展字符集
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 //允许从本地导入数据
重新编译时，需要清除旧的对象文件和缓存信息。
#make 之后
# make clean
# rm -f CMakeCache.txt
# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
安装过程中会报很多错，大体能在一下网站解决http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-13954789-id-3432115.html
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安装过程并不顺利，遇到好几次错误
1.没有安装 gcc 和 gcc-c++，执行cmake报如下错误：
==================================================
[root@ice mysql-5.5.27]# cmake .
-- The C compiler identification is unknown
-- The CXX compiler identification is unknown
CMake Error: your C compiler: "CMAKE_C_COMPILER-NOTFOUND" was not found. Please set CMAKE_C_COMPILER to a valid compiler path or name.
CMake Error: your CXX compiler: "CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER-NOTFOUND" was not found. Please set CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER to a valid compiler path or name.
.
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
==================================================
解决方法：安装gcc和gcc-c++
yum install gcc
yum install gcc-c++
#删除cache文件，不删除还会报错
rm CMakeCache.txt
cmake .
2.编译快结束时，又报如下错误：
Warning: Bison executable not found in PATH
解决方法：安装bison
yum install bison
rm CMakeCache.txt
cmake .
#编译通过
make && make install
#执行时间比较长
3.无法启动mysql
bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & 无法启动
解决方法：
再执行一次scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
为什么会这样，原因不明
====================================================================
下载的版本有问题。
正确的版本如下：
1、http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
2、选择 MySQL Community Server
3、 
4、
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
7：配置
(1)设置目录权限
[root@pacteralinux mysql-5.6.14]# cd /usr/local/mysql/ [root@pacteralinux mysql]# chown -R root:mysql . //把当前目录中所有文件的所有者所有者设为root，所属组为mysql [root@pacteralinux mysql]# cd /mnt/resource/data/ [root@pacteralinux data]# chown -R mysql:mysql . [root@pacteralinux data]# cd /usr/local/mysql/ [root@pacteralinux mysql]# cd support-files/ [root@pacteralinux support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf //将mysql的启动服务添加到系统服务中
（2）配置文件
vi /etc/my.cnf basedir =/usr/local/mysql datadir =/mnt/resource/mysqldate port =3306 socket =/mnt/resource/mysqldate/mysql.sock 创建mysql.sock [root@pacteralinux mysqldate]# touch mysql.sock [root@pacteralinux mysqldate]# ll -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Sep 25 03:26 mysql.sock
8：初始化数据库
[root@pacteralinux mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --no-defaults
9：设置环境变量
[root@pacteralinux mysql]# vi /root/.bash_profile 在PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin添加参数为： PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib [root@pacteralinux mysql]# source /root/.bash_profile
10:设定启动脚本
[root@pacteralinux mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
11：启动数据库
启动方式一：
[root@pacteralinux mysql]# pwd /usr/local/mysql [root@pacteralinux mysql]# ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & [1] 36019 [root@pacteralinux mysql]# 130925 04:44:10 mysqld_safe Logging to '/mnt/resource/mysqldate/pacteralinux.err'. 130925 04:44:10 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /mnt/resource/mysqldate 130925 04:44:11 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /mnt/resource/mysqldate/pacteralinux.pid ended
启动方式二：
[root@pacteralinux mysqldate]# service mysql start mysql: unrecognized service
3. 启动方式三：
[root@pacteralinux mysqldate]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start Starting MySQL.The server quit without updating PID file (/mnt/resource/mysqldate/pacteralinux.pid).[FAILED]
可以看到，每种启动方式都是报错
在MYSQL启动老失败即：Starting MySQL.Manager of pid-file quit without updating file.[FAILED]
查看错误日志显示：mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: Table 'mysql.plugin' doesn't exist
Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
查看错误日志显示：mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: Table 'mysql.plugin' doesn't exist
Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist:
这是执行scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql没有成功的原因，没有一个初始化数据库，不能启动mysql守护进程，重新执行
[root@pacteralinux mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mnt/resource/mysqldate --user=mysql
重新启动:
[root@pacteralinux mysql]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start Starting MySQL[ OK ] [root@pacteralinux mysql]# service mysql start mysql: unrecognized service #解决 [root@pacteralinux mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on [root@pacteralinux mysql]# service mysql start mysql: unrecognized service [root@pacteralinux mysql]# service mysqld start Starting MySQL[ OK ]
12；连接数据库
[root@pacteralinux mysql]# mysql -u root mysql
mysql>
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
Mysql刚安装完有两个数据库：mysql和test。mysql库非常重要，它里面有MySQL的系统信息，我们改密码和新增用户，实际上就是用这个库中的相关表进行操作。
mysql> use mysql
Database changed
mysql> show tables
Database changed
mysql> show tables
mysql> describe user
mysql> select * from user
13：增加数据用户
格式：grant select on 数据库.* to 用户名@登录主机 identified by "密码"
例1、增加一个用户user_1密码为123，让他可以在任何主机上登录，并对所有数据库有查询、插入、修改、删除的权限。首先用以root用户连入MySQL，然后键入以下命令：
mysql> grant select,insert,update,delete on *.* to user_1@"%" Identified by "123";
例1增加的用户是十分危险的，如果知道了user_1的密码，那么他就可以在网上的任何一台电脑上登录你的MySQL数据库并对你的数据为所欲为了，解决办法见例2。
例2、增加一个用户user_2密码为123,让此用户只可以在localhost上登录，并可以对数据库aaa进行查询、插入、修改、删除的操作（localhost指本地主机，即MySQL数据库所在的那台主机），这样用户即使用知道user_2的密码，他也无法从网上直接访问数据库，只能通过MYSQL主机来操作aaa库。
mysql>grant select,insert,update,delete on aaa.* to user_2@localhost identified by "123";
14：修改MySQL的root用户的密码以及打开远程连接
[root@ pacteraLinux]# mysql -u root mysql mysql>use mysql;
mysql>desc user;
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "root"; //为root添加远程连接的能力。
mysql>update user set Password = password('xxxxxx') where User='root';
mysql>select Host,User,Password from user where User='root';
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql>exit
#重新登录
mysql -u root -p
#若还不能进行远程连接，则关闭防火墙
[root@ pacteraLinux~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables stop
我的
mysql> use mysql;
Database changed
mysql> select host,user, password from user where user='root';
+--------------+------+----------+
| host | user | password |
+--------------+------+----------+
| localhost | root | |
| pacteralinux | root | |
| 127.0.0.1 | root | |
| ::1 | root | |
+--------------+------+--
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "fuwenchao";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select host,user, password from user where user='root';
+--------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| host | user | password |
+--------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost | root | |
| pacteralinux | root | |
| 127.0.0.1 | root | |
| ::1 | root | |
| % | root | *D5D3DEF34B78BED2B9ED4C0FBF3436E1E395665 |
+--------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
[root@pacteralinux ~]# mysql -u root -p fuwenchao
Enter password:
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
mysql> update user set Password = password('mysql@pactera') where User='root';
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 5 Changed: 4 Warnings: 0
mysql> select host,user, password from user where user='root';
+--------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| host | user | password |
+--------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost | root | *D5D3DEF34B78BED2B9ED4C0FBF3436E1E395665 |
| pacteralinux | root | *D5D3DEF34B78BED2B9ED4C0FBF3436E1E395665 |
| 127.0.0.1 | root | *D5D3DEF34B78BED2B9ED4C0FBF3436E1E395665 |
| ::1 | root | *D5D3DEF34B78BED2B9ED4C0FBF3436E1E395665 |
| % | root | *D5D3DEF34B78BED2B9ED4C0FBF3436E1E395665 |
+--------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
[root@pacteralinux mysql]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
mysql>
15：错误总结
15.1出现过如下错误，数据库启动正常，但是连接不上mysql，如下
[root@pacteralinux mysql]# service mysqld restart Shutting down MySQL...[ OK ] Starting MySQL....[ OK ] [root@pacteralinux mysql]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/mnt/resource/mysqldate/mysql.sock' (111)
解决方法
1，在数据存放目录下创建/mnt/resource/mysqldate/mysql.sock文件
2，在配置配件/etc/my.cnf中添加socket =/mnt/resource/mysqldate/mysql.sock
配置文件全文如下：
[root@pacteralinux mysqldate]# vi /etc/my.cnf [client] socket =/mnt/resource/mysqldate/mysql.sock [mysqld] basedir =/usr/local/mysql datadir =/mnt/resource/mysqldate port =3306 socket =/mnt/resource/mysqldate/mysql.sock sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
15.2：在配置文件中添加了几个配置选项时出现过错误，
The server quit without updating PID file
增加的几条配置为全部从A服务器复制过来的，但是出现了错误，说明尽管数据库一样，对不同的版本差异很大！
15.36.4 ;本地登陆可以，但是远程登录报如下错误
连接mysql时 出现错误
复制代码
此处错误id 110 用perror 查出结果为
复制代码
可以查看一下网络是否正常，使用
ERROR 2003 (HY000): Can't connect to MySQL server on 'xx.xx.xx.xx' (110)
OS error code 110: Connection timed out
telnet xx.xx.xx.xx 3306
发现端口不通，ping 一下该主机，也没反应！关闭防火墙之后问题依旧，打电话给云平台的admin，发现外围网络屏蔽了该端口！