源码配置nginx
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一、前言
二、环境
三、配置
1.安装libevent
2.安装pcre-devel和openssl-devel
3.创建nginx组和账号
4.安装nginx
四、测试
1.简单测试
2.基于地址的虚拟主机测试
3.基于端口的虚拟主机
4.基于主机头的访问
5.物理目录
6.虚拟目录
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一、前言
Nginx ("engine x") 是一个高性能的HTTP和反向代理服务器，也是一个IMAP/POP3/SMTP代理服务器。Nginx是由Igor Sysoev为俄罗斯访问量第二的Rambler.ru 站点开发的，第一个公开版本0.1.0发布于2004年10月4日。其将源代码以类BSD许可证的形式发布，因它的稳定性、丰富的功能集、示例配置文件和低系统资源的消耗而闻名。其特点是占有内存少，并发能力强，事实上nginx的并发能力确实在同类型的网页服务器中表现较好，中国大陆使用nginx网站用户有：新浪、网易、 腾讯等。
Nginx 是一个很强大的高性能Web和反向代理服务器，它具有很多非常优越的特性：在高连接并发的情况下，Nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品：Nginx在美国是做虚拟主机生意的老板们经常选择的软件平台之一。能够支持高达 50,000 个并发连接数的响应，感谢Nginx为我们选择了 epoll and kqueue作为开发模型。
二、环境
系统：CentOS6.4 32位
源码包：
nginx-1.4.4.tar.gz
libevent-2.0.21-stable.tar.gz
三、配置
1.安装libevent
# rpm -qa |grep libevent
libevent-1.4.13-4.el6.i686
# yum remove libevent
# tar -zxvf libevent-2.0.21-stable.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
# cd /usr/local/src/libevent-2.0.21-stable/
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent
# make && make install
# cd /usr/local/libevent/
# cd lib/
# ll
# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/libevent.conf
# ldconfig
# ldconfig -pv |grep libevent
libevent_pthreads-2.0.so.5 (libc6) => /usr/local/libevent/lib/libevent_pthreads-2.0.so.5
libevent_extra-2.0.so.5 (libc6) => /usr/local/libevent/lib/libevent_extra-2.0.so.5
libevent_core-2.0.so.5 (libc6) => /usr/local/libevent/lib/libevent_core-2.0.so.5
libevent-2.0.so.5 (libc6) => /usr/local/libevent/lib/libevent-2.0.so.5
2.安装pcre-devel和openssl-devel
# rpm -qa |grep pcre pcre-7.8-6.el6.i686 # yum install pcre-devel -y # rpm -qa |grep openssl openssl-1.0.0-27.el6.i686 # yum install openssl-devel -y
3.创建组和账号
# groupadd -r nginx # useradd -r -g nginx -s /sbin/nologin -M nginx
4.安装nginx
# yum remove httpd
# setenforce 0 //尽量关闭防火墙和SELinux
# tar -zxvf nginx-1.4.4.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/nginx-1.4.4/
# ./configure \
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \
--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \
--with-pcre
//路径详单
nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"
nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
nginx configuration prefix: "/etc/nginx"
nginx configuration file: "/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
nginx pid file: "/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid"
nginx error log file: "/var/log/nginx/error.log"
nginx http access log file: "/var/log/nginx/access.log"
nginx http client request body temporary files: "/var/tmp/nginx/client/"
nginx http proxy temporary files: "/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/"
nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/"
nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"
# make && make install
# cd /etc/nginx/sbin/
# ./nginx -h //显示帮助
nginx version: nginx/1.4.4
Usage: nginx [-?hvVtq] [-s signal] [-c filename] [-p prefix] [-g directives]
Options:
-?,-h : this help
-v : show version and exit
-V : show version and configure options then exit
-t : test configuration and exit
-q : suppress non-error messages during configuration testing
-s signal : send signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload
-p prefix : set prefix path (default: /usr/local/nginx/)
-c filename : set configuration file (default: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf)
-g directives : set global directives out of configuration file
# ./nginx -v //显示版本
nginx version: nginx/1.4.4
# ./nginx -t //测试语法，有错误
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: [emerg] mkdir() "/var/tmp/nginx/client/" failed (2: No such file or directory)
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed
# mkdir -pv /var/tmp/nginx/client //按照提示更正错误
mkdir: created directory `/var/tmp/nginx'
mkdir: created directory `/var/tmp/nginx/client'
# ./nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
# ./nginx //启动nginx
# netstat -tupln |grep nginx
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 12682/nginx
# vim /etc/init.d/nginx //编辑nginx启动脚本
#!/bin/bash
. /etc/init.d/functions
prog=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/nginx.lock
start () {
if [ -e $lockfile ];then
echo "nginx is started" && exit
else
echo -n "nginx is starting....."
sleep 1
$prog &>/dev/null && touch $lockfile && echo "OK" || echo "failer"
fi
}
configtest (){
$prog -t
}
stop () {
if [ ! -e $lockfile ];then
echo "nginx is stoped" && exit
else
echo -n "httpd is stoping......"
sleep 1
$prog -s stop &>/dev/null && rm -rf $lockfile && echo "OK" || echo "failer"
fi
}
restart () {
if [ -e $lockfile ];then
killproc nginx && rm -rf $lockfile
else
$prog && echo "OK" && touch $lockfile
fi
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
restart
;;
configtest)
configtest
;;
*) echo "Usage:start|stop|configtest|restart"
esac
# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/nginx
# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf //nginx主配置文档
12 events {
13 use epoll; //使用epoll机制
14 worker_connections 1024;
15 }
# service nginx restart
四、测试
1.简单测试
客户机访问http://192.168.2.10
2.基于地址的虚拟主机测试
# cd /usr/local/nginx/
# echo 'Welcome to www.nuo.com' >html/index.html
# mkdir tec
# echo 'Welcome to tec.nuo.com!' >tec/index.html
# ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.2.20 //添加临时地址
# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
36 server {
37 listen 192.168.2.10:80;
38 server_name www.nuo.com;
81 server { //复制36-80行内容
82 listen 192.168.2.20:80;
83 server_name tec.nuo.com;
84
85 #charset koi8-r;
86
87 #access_log logs/host.access.log main;
88
89 location / {
90 root tec;
91 index index.html index.htm;
92 }
93 access_log /var/log/nginx/tec_log;
94 error_log /var/log/nginx/tec_err_log;
95 #error_page 404 /404.html;
96
97 # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
98 #
99 error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
100 location = /50x.html {
101 root html;
102 }
# service nginx configtest
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
# service nginx restart
# netstat -tupln |grep nginx
tcp 0 0 192.168.2.20:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 15284/nginx
tcp 0 0 192.168.2.10:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 15284/nginx
//客户机hosts文件设置
192.168.2.10 www.nuo.com
192.168.2.20 tec.nuo.com
3.基于端口的虚拟主机
# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 82 listen 192.168.2.10:800; 83 server_name www.nuo.com; # service nginx restart # netstat -tupln |grep nginx tcp 0 0 192.168.2.10:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 15468/nginx tcp 0 0 192.168.2.10:800 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 15468/nginx //客户机hosts文件设置 192.168.2.10 www.nuo.com
4.基于主机头的访问
# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 82 listen 192.168.2.10:80; 83 server_name tec.nuo.com; # service nginx restart //客户机hosts文件设置 192.168.2.10 www.nuo.com 192.168.2.10 tec.nuo.com
5.物理目录
# cd /usr/local/nginx/html # mkdir abc # echo 'This is real dir' >abc/index.html
6.虚拟目录
# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf //添加48-51行内容
48 location /public {
49 alias /abc;
50 index index.html index.htm;
51 }
# service nginx restart
