MySQL5.5.x源码编译安装（转载）
1.安装所需软件
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yum
install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel openssl openssl-devel bison make
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2.下载安装cmake（MySQL5.5.x版本改为跨平台的cmake编译）
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wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.5.tar.gz
tar zxvf cmake-2.8.5.tar.gz
cd cmake-2.8.5
./bootstrap
make
make install
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3.下载安装MySQL5.5.14
1）安装前首先创建mysql用户
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groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql
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2）编译安装
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wget http://mysql.he.net/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.14.tar.gz
tarzxvf mysql-5.5.14.tar.gz
cdmysql-5.5.14
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql
\
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data
\
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_SSL=bundled \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_DEBUG=0
make&& makeinstall
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备注：如果更改编译配置
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makeclean
rm-f CMakeCache.txt
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3）权限设置及初始表安装
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cd/usr/local/mysql
chown-R mysql .
chgrp-R mysql .
scripts/mysql_install_db
--user=mysql
chown-R root .
chown-R mysql data
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4）配置文件
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cpsupport-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
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备注：如果在编译的时候没有加入初始数据库默认字符集参数（-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 ，-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci ），那么在安装完成后就需要编辑my.ini，在[client]和[mysqld]更改MySQL默认编码，保存并关闭。如下：
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[client]
default-character-set = utf8
[mysqld]
character-set-server = utf8
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5）后台启动MySQL
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bin/mysqld_safe
--user=mysql &
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6）配置MySQL服务自启动
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cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
chkconfig --add mysql
chkconfig mysql on
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6）MySQL测试测试命令
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/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
version
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
variables
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附录：
1）查看MySQL字符集
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mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
8rows in set (0.01sec)
mysql> show variables like 'collation%';
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+
3rows in set (0.00sec)
mysql> show character set;
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen |
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| big5 | Big5 Traditional Chinese | big5_chinese_ci |
2|
| dec8 | DEC West European | dec8_swedish_ci |
1|
| cp850 | DOS West European | cp850_general_ci |
1|
| hp8 | HP West European | hp8_english_ci |
1|
| koi8r | KOI8-R Relcom Russian | koi8r_general_ci |
1|
| latin1 | cp1252 West European | latin1_swedish_ci |
1|
| latin2 | ISO
8859-2Central European | latin2_general_ci | 1|
| swe7 | 7bit Swedish | swe7_swedish_ci |
1|
| ascii | US ASCII | ascii_general_ci |
1|
| ujis | EUC-JP Japanese | ujis_japanese_ci |
3|
| sjis | Shift-JIS Japanese | sjis_japanese_ci |
2|
| hebrew | ISO
8859-8Hebrew | hebrew_general_ci | 1|
| tis620 | TIS620 Thai | tis620_thai_ci |
1|
| euckr | EUC-KR Korean | euckr_korean_ci |
2|
| koi8u | KOI8-U Ukrainian | koi8u_general_ci |
1|
| gb2312 | GB2312 Simplified Chinese | gb2312_chinese_ci |
2|
| greek | ISO
8859-7Greek | greek_general_ci | 1|
| cp1250 | Windows Central European | cp1250_general_ci |
1|
| gbk | GBK Simplified Chinese | gbk_chinese_ci |
2|
| latin5 | ISO
8859-9Turkish | latin5_turkish_ci | 1|
| armscii8 | ARMSCII-
8Armenian | armscii8_general_ci | 1|
| utf8 | UTF-
8Unicode | utf8_general_ci | 3|
| ucs2 | UCS-
2Unicode | ucs2_general_ci | 2|
| cp866 | DOS Russian | cp866_general_ci |
1|
| keybcs2 | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak | keybcs2_general_ci |
1|
| macce | Mac Central European | macce_general_ci |
1|
| macroman | Mac West European | macroman_general_ci |
1|
| cp852 | DOS Central European | cp852_general_ci |
1|
| latin7 | ISO
8859-13Baltic | latin7_general_ci | 1|
| utf8mb4 | UTF-
8Unicode | utf8mb4_general_ci | 4|
| cp1251 | Windows Cyrillic | cp1251_general_ci |
1|
| utf16 | UTF-
16Unicode | utf16_general_ci | 4|
| cp1256 | Windows Arabic | cp1256_general_ci |
1|
| cp1257 | Windows Baltic | cp1257_general_ci |
1|
| utf32 | UTF-
32Unicode | utf32_general_ci | 4|
| binary | Binary pseudo charset | binary |
1|
| geostd8 | GEOSTD8 Georgian | geostd8_general_ci |
1|
| cp932 | SJIS
forWindows Japanese | cp932_japanese_ci | 2|
| eucjpms | UJIS
forWindows Japanese | eucjpms_japanese_ci | 3|
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
39rows in set (0.01sec)
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2）增加MySQL管理员
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#第一种方法
mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO dba
@localhostIDENTIFIED BY 'password..'WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO dba@
"%"IDENTIFIED BY 'password..'WITH GRANT OPTION;
#第二种方法
mysql>INSERT INTO user VALUES('localhost','dba',PASSWORD('password..'), 'Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y')
mysql>INSERT INTO user VALUES('%','dba',PASSWORD('password..'), 'Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y')
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3）刷新权限
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FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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