Spring3+Hibernate4整合(一)：基本框架搭建
前段时间突然想用SpringMVC结合Ext做一个框架原型，整合后发现SpringMVC配合Ext简直天衣无缝，当然SpringMVC结合别的 UI框架应该也是天衣无缝的。SpringMVC比Struts2确实要强大很多，特别对于Ext框架JSON数据的完美支撑，开发起来相当舒服。 Spring3整合Hibernate4的时候可能有点问题，跟Spring2+Hibernate3有很大的区别，区别在于Hibernate4实现了 对事务的管理，所以Spring针对Hibernate4就没有提供HibernateDaoSupport这个类。
整合有个原则是分框架的整合，比如我们先整合Spring、在整合SpringMVC接着整合Hibernate
整合的第一步将Jar引入到工程里面来，引入之后更改配置项目配置。下面是项目的web.xml文件的详细信息：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <!-- log4j 配置 开始 --> <context-param> <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value> /WEB-INF/classes/com/avicit/resource/log4j/log4j.properties </param-value> </context-param> <context-param> <param-name>log4jRefreshInterval</param-name> <param-value>600000</param-value> </context-param> <context-param> <param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name> <param-value>fes.root</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- log4j 配置 结束 --> <!-- 设置servlet编码开始 --> <filter> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 设置servlet编码结束 --> <!-- 设置BackURL开始 --> <filter> <filter-name>BackURLFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>com.avicit.framework.web.filter.BackURLFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>BackURLFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 设置BackURL结束 --> <!-- Spring配置文件开始 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath*:com/avicit/resource/spring/spring-base.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class> </listener> <!-- Spring配置文件结束 --> <filter> <filter-name>openSessionInVieFilter</filter-name> <filter-class> org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter </filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>openSessionInVieFilter</filter-name> <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name> </filter-mapping> <!-- 浏览器不支持put,delete等method, 由该filter将/blog?_method=delete转换为标准的http delete方法 --> <filter> <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name> <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name> </filter-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>spring-dispatcher</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath*:com/avicit/resource/spring/spring-dispather.xml </param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>spring-dispatcher</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <error-page> <error-code>500</error-code> <location>/error.jsp?code=500</location> </error-page> <error-page> <error-code>404</error-code> <location>/error.jsp?code=404</location> </error-page> <error-page> <error-code>405</error-code> <location>/error.jsp?code=405</location> </error-page> <error-page> <error-code>406</error-code> <location>/error.jsp?code=406</location> </error-page> <error-page> <error-code>415</error-code> <location>/error.jsp?code=415</location> </error-page> <error-page> <error-code>400</error-code> <location>/error.jsp?code=400</location> </error-page> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>/index</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list></web-app>
其实Spring的配置跟以前没多大区别，关键就是设置Spring的启动监听器和Spring配置文件的地址，下面是spring-base.xml的内容：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd "> <!-- 扫描注解Bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.avicit"> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> </context:component-scan> <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"> <property name="locations"> <list> <value>classpath*:com/avicit/resource/jdbc/jdbc.properties</value> <value>classpath*:com/avicit/resource/hibernate/hibernate.properties</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 国际化的消息资源文件 --> <bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource"> <property name="basenames"> <list> <!-- 在web环境中一定要定位到classpath 否则默认到当前web应用下找 --> <value>classpath:com/avicit/resource/message/messages</value> </list> </property> <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/> <property name="cacheSeconds" value="60"/> </bean> <import resource="classpath*:com/avicit/resource/spring/spring-dao.xml"/></beans>
这一段配置也没有什么特别地方，加载jdbc.properties数据库配置和hiberate.properties配置文件、
设置扫描Annotation注册Bean的包，但是下面有段配置可能不是很熟悉：
<context:component-scan base-package="com.avicit"> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> </context:component-scan>
这里设置了不扫描的Annotation的类型，这是因为org.springframework.stereotype.Controller是 SpringMVC的控制器的注解，使用这个注解注册的Bean在SpringMVC容器启动的时候已经实例化了，所以在Spring容器里面就不需要进 行实例化了。
在web.xml文件的配置中可以看到这么一段配置：
<servlet> <servlet-name>spring-dispatcher</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value> classpath*:com/avicit/resource/spring/spring-dispather.xml </param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>spring-dispatcher</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
这个就是SpringMVC的配置，配置SpringMVC的容器也可以说是调度器，下面看下spring-dispather.xml中的配置：
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd"> <!-- 会自动注册了validator ConversionService --> <mvc:annotation-driven validator="validator" conversion-service="conversion-service" /> <!-- 以下 validator ConversionService 在使用 mvc:annotation-driven 会 自动注册 --> <bean id="validator" class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean"> <property name="providerClass" value="org.hibernate.validator.HibernateValidator" /> <!-- 如果不加默认到 使用classpath下的 ValidationMessages.properties --> <property name="validationMessageSource" ref="messageSource" /> </bean> <bean id="conversion-service" class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean" /> <!-- 开启controller注解支持 --> <!-- 注：如果base-package=com.avicit 则注解事务不起作用 TODO 读源码 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.avicit"> <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Service" /> </context:component-scan> <mvc:resources mapping="/**" location="/" /> <mvc:interceptors> <mvc:interceptor> <mvc:mapping path="/*" /> <bean class="com.avicit.framework.interceptor.dispatcher.HandlerDispatcherContextInterceptor"> </bean> </mvc:interceptor> <mvc:interceptor> <mvc:mapping path="/*" /> <bean class="com.avicit.framework.interceptor.pagination.HandlerPaginationInterceptor"> </bean> </mvc:interceptor> </mvc:interceptors> <mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="forward:/index" /> <!-- 当在web.xml 中 DispatcherServlet使用 <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> 映射时， 能映射静态资源 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" /> <bean id="handlerAdapter" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"> </bean> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ContentNegotiatingViewResolver"> <property name="mediaTypes"> <map> <entry key="json" value="application/json" /> <entry key="xml" value="application/xml" /> <entry key="html" value="text/html" /> </map> </property> <property name="viewResolvers"> <list> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.BeanNameViewResolver" /> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> <property name="prefix" value="/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 控制器异常处理 --> <bean id="exceptionResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver"> <property name="exceptionMappings"> <props> <prop key="java.lang.Exception"> error </prop> </props> </property> </bean> </beans>
这一部分配置是依据官方来的文档来的，大家看看文档就可以明白这段配置，在这里就不赘述了。但是这里有很关键的一处配置是官方文档没有提到的，也是整合Hiberate4中关键的配置，如果没有配置Hibernate肯定跑不起来，这段配置：
<!-- 开启controller注解支持 --> <!-- 注：如果base-package=com.avicit 则注解事务不起作用 TODO 读源码 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.avicit"> <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Service" /> </context:component-scan>
这里配置了扫描Controller，通过Controller注解注册的Bean是SpringMVC的控制器，但是为什么要排除Service注解 呢？这是因为通过Service注册的Bean是要进行事务处理的。要生成动态代理进行事务控制，所以如果不排除的话，Service注册的Bean是不 带事务处理的。所以在整合Hibernate的时候就会报没有事务的异常。
最后看Hibernate在Spring中如何配置，也就是spring-dao.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" x
mlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.logicalcobwebs.proxool.ProxoolDataSource">
<property name="alias" value="proxoolDataSource" />
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="driverUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<property name="maximumConnectionCount" value="${jdbc.maximum.connection.count}" />
<property name="minimumConnectionCount" value="${jdbc.minimum.connection.count}" />
<property name="statistics" value="${jdbc.statistics}" />
<property name="simultaneousBuildThrottle" v
alue="${jdbc.simultaneous.build.throttle}" />
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="packagesToScan" value="com.avicit" />
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.query.substitutions">
${hibernate.query.substitutions}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.default_batch_fetch_size">
${hibernate.default_batch_fetch_size}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.max_fetch_depth">${hibernate.max_fetch_depth}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.generate_statistics">
${hibernate.generate_statistics}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.bytecode.use_reflection_optimizer">
${hibernate.bytecode.use_reflection_optimizer}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache">
${hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cache.use_query_cache">
${hibernate.cache.use_query_cache}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cache.region.factory_class">
${hibernate.cache.region.factory_class}</prop>
<prop key="net.sf.ehcache.configurationResourceName">
${net.sf.ehcache.configurationResourceName}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cache.use_structured_entries">
${hibernate.cache.use_structured_entries}</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="lookupResolver"
class="com.avicit.framework.support.matchrule.context.HibernateMatchRuleResolver">
<property name="packagesToScan" value="com.avicit.fes.*" />
</bean>
<!-- 开启AOP监听 只对当前配置文件有效 -->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy expose-proxy="true" />
<!-- 开启注解事务 只对当前配置文件有效 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" />
<bean id="txManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="create*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="merge*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="del*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="remove*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="put*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="use*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<!--hibernate4必须配置为开启事务 否则 getCurrentSession()获取不到 -->
<tx:method name="get*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="count*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="find*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="list*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="*" read-only="true" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config expose-proxy="true">
<!-- 只对业务逻辑层实施事务 -->
<aop:pointcut id="txPointcut"
expression="execution(* com.avicit..service..*.*(..))" />
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointcut" />
</aop:config>
</beans>
Hibernate的配置跟Hibernate3没有很大的区别，唯一的区别就是所有的操作都必须开启事务。
Spring3＋Hibernate4的框架整合差不多，后面会写如何实现SpringMVC整合Ext，那才是更有意思的部分。