编译安装httpd-2.4

一、HTTPD版本

        httpd-1.3

              httpd-2.0

              httpd-2.2

              httpd-2.4

                  

二、http2.4的新特性:

                  1)MPM支持运行时装载

                            --enable-mpms-shared=all--with-mpm=prefork|worker|event

                   2)支持event MPM

                   3)异步读写

                   4)支持每模块及每目录分别使用不同的日志级别

                   5)每请求配置; <If>  (用户每请求一个特殊资源,都可以做限制)

                   6)增强版的表达式分析器;

                   7)支持毫秒级keepalive timeout;

                   8)基于FQDN的虚拟主机不再需要NameVirtualHost

                   9)支持用户使用自定义变量;

                  

                   新增一些模块:mod_proxy_fcgi,mod_ratelimit, mod_request, mod_remoteip

                  

                 修改了一些配置机制不再支持使用order,allow, deny来实现基于IP的访问控制

                  

三、编译安装;

3.1 httpd依赖于apr, apr-util

                   apr:apache portable runtime

                   httpd-2.4依�于1.4+及以上版本的apr

3.2检查开发环境,若没有则:yum groupinstall  ServerPlatform Development  DevelopmentTools

yum install pcre-devel  ………………支持扩展正则表达式的

[root@burgess ~]# rpm -qapr   ………………..查询版本

apr-1.3.9-5.el6_2.x86_64   ……………………….此为支持httpd2.2版本的不便卸载,安装时指定路径

[root@burgess ~]# rpm -qapr-util

apr-util-1.3.9-3.el6_0.1.x86_64

 

3.3官方下载站点http://apr.apache.org/ ;本人装载环境为教室,有此压缩包

[root@burgess ~]# lftp 172.16.0.1/pub

cd ok, cwd=/pub                                     

lftp172.16.0.1:/pub> cdSources/sources/httpd/

cd ok,cwd=/pub/Sources/sources/httpd

lftp172.16.0.1:/pub/Sources/sources/httpd>ls   ……………….只是列出了教室最新的版本

-rwxr--r--    1 500     500        813976 Mar 18  2014 apr-1.5.0.tar.bz2

-rwxr--r--    1 500     500        695303 Mar 18  2014 apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2

-rwxr--r--    1 500     500       4994460 Mar 18  2014 httpd-2.4.9.tar.bz2

 

 

 

 lftp 172.16.0.1:/pub/Sources/sources/httpd>mget apr-1.5.0.tar.bz2apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2

1509279 bytestransferred                            

Total 2 filestransferred

lftp172.16.0.1:/pub/Sources/sources/httpd> bye

[root@burgess ~]# ls

apr-1.5.0.tar.bz2      

apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2 

[root@burgess ~]# tar xfapr-1.5.0.tar.bz2

[root@burgess ~]# ls

apr-1.5.0

apr-1.5.0.tar.bz2      

apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2

 [root@burgess ~]# cd apr-1.5.0

 [root@burgess apr-1.5.0]# ./configure--prefix=/usr/local/apr    ………………………指定路径

[root@burgess apr-1.5.0]#make&& make install    …………………编译安装

注意:检查是否执行成功可用echo $?如果不打算对httpd做二次开发则无需将/usr/local/apr/路径下的文件输出

 

3.4 apr-util 安装基本重复上面步骤;

[root@burgess ~]# tar xfapr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2

[root@burgess ~]# cd apr-util-1.5.3

[[email protected]]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util--with-apr=/usr/local/apr  ………………..此文件依赖与apr,所以要把apr路径告诉其

[[email protected]]# make && make install

 

3.5 Httpd2.4安装:在ftp上下载,解压,之后cd到解压后的文档里面,执行命令如下

[[email protected]]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache--sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi--enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-apr=/usr/local/apr--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-modules=most--enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=prefork

[[email protected]]# make && make install   …………………………….若出现pcre模块没装,执行yuminstall pcre-devel即可


3.5.1选项解析:

--enable-so             DSO capability. This module willbe automatically   ……………………支持动态模块装卸载(DSO)

                          enabled unless youbuild all modules statically.

--enable-ssl            SSL/TLS support (mod_ssl)   ………………………………支持ssl模块

--enable-cgi            CGI scripts. Enabled by defaultwith non-threaded MPMs(common gateway interface通用网关接口;可以让静态webserver支持动态web服务器解析的一个协议或接口)

--enable-rewrite        rule based URL manipulation      ………………………………………………..支持URL重写

--with-pcre=PATH        Use external PCRE library  ……………………………………………支持扩展正则表达式

--enable-modules=MODULE-LIST                     ………………………………………..启用的模块

                          Space-separated listof modules to enable | "all" |

                          "most" |"few" | "none" | "reallyall"

--enable-mods-shared=MODULE-LIST  ………………………….以共享模式编译模块

                          Space-separated listof shared modules to enable |

                          "all" |"most" | "few" | "reallyall"

--with-z=PATH           use a specific zlib library………………………………………基于网络实现的压缩库;如果本地对应的开发包zlib有了,则不需要此选项

--enable-mpms-shared=MPM-LIST    ……………………………..指明哪些是默认的(必须指的是编译进来的)

                          Space-separated listof MPM modules to enable for

                          dynamic loading.MPM-LIST=list | "all"

--with-mpm=MPM          Choose the process model for Apacheto use by  ………………………..指定默认MPM

                         default.MPM={event|worker|prefork|winnt} This will

                          be statically linkedas the only available MPM

                          unless--enable-mpms-shared is also specified.

 

3.6 服务脚本创建(修改)

[root@burgess ~]#cp /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd~/ …………………………………将2.2版本的服务脚本复制到家目录,在此基础修改之;

[root@burgess ~]# ls

apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2  httpd-2.4.9.tar.bz2  mariadb-5.5.36-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

apr-1.5.0   apr-1.5.0.tar.bz2  httpd     apr-util-1.5.3    httpd-2.4.9           

[root@burgess ~]# vimhttpd

#if [ -f/etc/sysconfig/httpd ]; then

#        . /etc/sysconfig/httpd

#fi                                 ……………………..把此函数注释掉,则启动后httpdmpm不会以worker启动,可以vim /etc/sysconfig/httpd的脚本文件内容有#HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker,没有启动,source也无效

apachectl=/usr/local/bin/apachectl  ………………………..此项为更改后的路径;可用ls /usr/local/bin/apachectl 查看程序都在此目录下

httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd}  …………………………..更改后路径

 

 [root@burgess ]# ls /usr/local/apache  ……………………………….一些重要文件的简要介绍

bin:二进制程序文件

  build :编译时候用到的一些子目录

  cgi-bin:cgi动态网站网页资源

  error:错误页面,可以自定义,如404更改为自定义页面

  htdocs :网页页面程序的存放位置

include  :头文件

icons logs  man manual  modules

 

配置文件:/etc/httpd24/httpd.conf  补充类的配置文件/etc/httpd24/extra

 

3.7 启动httpd2.4vession,(用命令apachectl

确保80端口的web服务为关闭的才能启动编译的2.4version  ……………….(ss -tnl)

查看apachectl 命令路径…………………用which显示:/usr/sbin/apachectl因为我们是编译的版本,所以应该与编译路径保持一致,此环境下,修改PATH环境变量

[root@burgess ~]# vim /etc/profile.d/httpd24.sh

export PATH=/usr/local/apache/bin:$PATH

[root@burgess ~]# . /etc/profile.d/httpd24.sh

[root@burgess ~]# echo $PATH

/usr/local/apache/bin:/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

[root@burgess ~]# which apachectl

/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl

[root@burgess ~]# apachectl start  …………………….尝试启动一下

AH00557: httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failedfor burgess.wen

AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determinethe server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1. Set the 'ServerName'directive globally to suppress this message

报错并不影响服务的启动,可以用(ss -tnl)查看80端口是否启动,或者在浏览器中输入172.16.249.214(虚拟主机IP查看,显示IT works!

 [root@burgess~]# mkdir /www/htdocs -pv

mkdir: created directory `/www'

mkdir: created directory `/www/htdocs'

[root@burgess ~]# vim /www/htdocs/index.html

<h1>/www/hcdocs What is a friend? Asingle soul dwelling in two bodies.</h1>

[root@burgess ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf

#DocumentRoot"/usr/local/apache/htdocs" ……………..此行注释掉,改为下一行路径

DocumentRoot "/www/htdocs"

ServerName www.burgess.com:80             #方法一:将此项启用起来,解决AH00557AH00558报错信息.

[root@burgessconf]# vim /etc/hosts

172.16.100.16burgess.wen   #.................方法二:将本地通信IP与主机名添加至/etc/hosts 也可解决报错信息(此步骤为可选项,二选一即可)


刷新浏览器显示信息:

Forbidden

You don't have permission to access /on this server.

 

[root@burgess ~]# vim/etc/httpd24/httpd.conf

<Directory "/www/htdocs">   #将路径改为此路径<网络路径>

#Options Indexes FollowSymLinks 

Options None     #将上面的Indexes FollowSymLinks停用

再次刷新网页,则会内容显示;

/www/hcdocs What is a friend? A singlesoul dwelling in two bodies.

 

3.8 启用manual手册

[root@burgess ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf

Include /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-manual.conf      #.............将此项启动,手册

LoadModule negotiation_modulemodules/mod_negotiation.so    #…………………将此项启动

[root@burgess httpd24]# apachectl stop

AH00526: Syntax error on line 31 of/etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-manual.conf:

Invalid command 'LanguagePriority', perhapsmisspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration

[root@burgess httpd24]# vim /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-manual.conf

   # AddLanguage da .da

  # SetEnvIf Request_URI ^/manual/(da|de|en|es|fr|ja|ko|pt-br|ru|tr|zh-cn)/prefer-language=$1

  # RedirectMatch 301^/manual(?:/(da|de|en|es|fr|ja|ko|pt-br|ru|tr|zh-cn)){2,}(/.*)?$ /manual/$1$2

 #  LanguagePriority en da de es fr ja ko pt-br ru tr

#    ForceLanguagePriority Prefer Fallback    #………………如果语言类再报错,则执行此蓝色步骤;此步骤在开启LoadModulenegotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so 之前会有报错,需要执行,开启之后未有时间测试)

#将上面关于语言的选项全部注释掉,则不会再报错

访问浏览器,则显示

 

3.9 切换使用的MPM

[root@burgess ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf

#LoadModule mpm_prefork_module modules/mod_mpm_prefork.so

LoadModule mpm_event_module modules/mod_mpm_event.so      #.........将上一行注释掉,改为event模块

    用apachectl关闭&开启,再用httpd -M查看 mpm_event_module(shared) 已经装载;还可用ps aux | grep ‘httpd’查看此时的httpd进程服务次数

 

3.10 服务脚本启用

[root@burgess ~]# cphttpd /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd24

[root@burgess ~]# cd/usr/local/apache/logs

[root@burgess logs]# ls

access_log  error_log  httpd.pid   将其路径修改为/var/run/httpd/httpd.conf

 

 [root@burgess ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf

LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so     #因为很多模块编译了,但是没有启动,所以启用cgi模块,;

# least PidFile.

PidFile "/var/run/httpd/httpd.conf"    #新添加Pid路径   要先停掉apachectl服务

[root@burgess apache]# chkconfig --add httpd24

[root@burgess apache]# chkconfig --list httpd24

httpd24                0:off         1:off         2:off         3:off         4:off         5:off         6:off

[root@burgess apache]# service httpd24 start    …………………..此时启用httpd2.4需要此类选项操作(restart,stop,status等都可以使用了)

此时编译安装已完成,httpd2.4version可以正常使用了


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