RHCE7学习笔记10――压缩、归档和系统间的文件传输
一、归档和压缩
归档:archive
tar命令归档的常用选项：
[root@clz ~]# tar --helpExamples: tar -cf archive.tar foo bar # Create archive.tar from files foo and bar. tar -tvf archive.tar # List all files in archive.tar verbosely. 列出归档文件中的文件 tar -xf archive.tar # Extract all files from archive.tar. Main operation mode: -A, --catenate, --concatenate append tar files to an archive 追加文件到一个归档文件 -c, --create create a new archive 创建一个归档文件 -r, --append append files to the end of an archive 将文件追加到归档文件的结尾 -t, --list list the contents of an archive 列出归档文件的内容 -u, --update only append files newer than copy in archive 只归档比归档文件更新的文件 -x, --extract, --get extract files from an archive 解压归档文件 -C, --directory=DIR change to directory DIR 制定归档或解归档的路径 --remove-files remove files after adding them to the archive 归档完成之后删除原文件
压缩：compress
tar命令压缩的常用选项：
Compression options: filter through PROG (must accept -d) -j, --bzip2 filter the archive through bzip2 -J, --xz filter the archive through xz -z, --gzip, --gunzip, --ungzip filter the archive through gzip -Z, --compress, --uncompress filter the archive through compress
[root@clz tmp]# tar jcvf aa.bz2 aa
[root@clz tmp]# tar zcvf aa.gz aa
[root@clz tmp]# tar jxvf aa.bz2 /opt/
[root@clz tmp]# tar zxvf aa.gz /opt/
cpio命令归档压缩rpm安装文件
cpio的常用选项：
[root@clz tmp]# cpio --help Examples: # Copy files named in name-list to the archive cpio -o < name-list [> archive] # Extract files from the archive cpio -i [< archive] # Copy files named in name-list to destination-directory cpio -p destination-directory < name-list Main operation mode: -i, --extract Extract files from an archive (run in copy-in mode) -o, --create Create the archive (run in copy-out mode) -p, --pass-through Run in copy-pass mode -t, --list Print a table of contents of the input
rpm安装包的本质是一个压缩包，安装rpm包相当于将压缩的文件解压缩到对应的文件夹：
[root@clz xx]# rpm2cpio ../vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.x86_64.rpm |cpio -id 707 blocks [root@clz xx]# ls etc usr var xx1 xx2
二、系统间的文件传输
scp需要依赖于openssh-client：
scp，本地或者远端的文件互相拷贝，拷贝目录加-r选项:
[root@clz ~]# scp --help usage: scp [-12346BCpqrv] [-c cipher] [-F ssh_config] [-i identity_file] [-l limit] [-o ssh_option] [-P port] [-S program] [[user@]host1:]file1 ... [[user@]host2:]file2
[root@clz ~]# scp -r /tmp [email protected]:~/xx
rsnc:
[root@clz ~]# rsync --help Usage: rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]...
DEST or rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... [USER@]HOST:DEST or rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... [USER@]HOST::DEST or rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/DEST or rsync [OPTION]... [USER@]HOST:SRC [DEST] or rsync [OPTION]... [USER@]HOST::SRC [DEST] or rsync [OPTION]... rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/SRC [DEST] The ':' usages connect via remote shell, while '::' & 'rsync://' usages connect to an rsync daemon, and require SRC or DEST to start with a module name.
Options -v, --verbose increase verbosity -q, --quiet suppress non-error messages --no-motd suppress daemon-mode MOTD (see manpage caveat) -c, --checksum skip based on checksum, not mod-time & size -a, --archive archive mode; equals -rlptgoD (no -H,-A,-X) --no-OPTION turn off an implied OPTION (e.g. --no-D) -r, --recursive recurse into directories -R, --relative use relative path names --no-implied-dirs don't send implied dirs with --relative -b, --backup make backups (see --suffix & --backup-dir) --backup-dir=DIR make backups into hierarchy based in DIR --suffix=SUFFIX set backup suffix (default ~ w/o --backup-dir) -u, --update skip files that are newer on the receiver --inplace update destination files in-place (SEE MAN PAGE) --append append data onto shorter files --append-verify like --append, but with old data in file checksum -d, --dirs transfer directories without recursing
windows系统与linux系统间文件的拖拉直接传输，可以安装lrzsz.x86_64这个包
Xshell终端可以直接输入rz命令，进行文件的传输
linux拷贝到windows使用sz file
Xshell直接按快捷键crtl+alt+F键调用xftp进行大文件传输；