Mysql5.5编译安装
查看系统环境：
cat /etc/redhat-release
uname -r uname -m
注意：不要使用yum的删除功能删除软件，会删除相关依赖，导致意外问题。
yum install gcc gcc-c++ -y
安装mysql 5.5
tar xf cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz
./configure
gmake
gmake install
yum install ncurses-devel -y
tar xf mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/application/mysql-5.5.32 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/application/mysql-5.5.32/data \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk.gb2312.utf8.ascii \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1 \
-DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DWITH_DEBUG=0\
make&make install
ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.32/ /application/mysql
#useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M -g mysql
2、配置文件
/bin/cp mysql-5.5.32/support-files/my-smail.cnf /etc/my.cnf
3、配置环境变量
export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH >>/etc/profile
tail -l /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
echo $PATH
环境变量出错解决：http://oldboy.blog.51cto.com/2561410/1122867
ls错误：PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
4、初始化数据文件（容易出错的步骤）
建立mysql数据文件目录
chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql
授权mysql用户访问mysql的安装目录
chmod -R 1777 /tmp
初始化数据库
cd /application/mysql/scripts/
chmod +x mysql_install_db
./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/application/mysql/data/ --user=mysql
grep 'mysql.server' -r /etc/
/bin/cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
出现Access 错误
pkill mysqld
lsof -i :3306
rm -fr /application/mysql/data/*
./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/application/mysql/data/ --user=mysql
简单优化(安全木桶原则，最低点做起)：
select user,host,password from mysql.user;
delete from mysql.user where user='';
select user,host,password from mysql.user;
delete from mysql.user where host='www';
delete from mysql.user where host=';;1';
drop databases test;
delete from mysql.user where host!='localhost' or host!='127.0.0.1';
或者干脆全部删除，添加额外管理员
delete from mysql.user;
grant all privileges on *.* to system@'localhost' identified by 'wyy' with grant option;
with grant option 可以授权用户
flush privileges;
增加密码
/application/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'wyy123'
字符集
/etc/sysconfig/il8n
#LANG="zh_CN.GBI8030"
LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8"