Percona XtraBackup备份数据库关于数据路径默认选择和show variables
Percona XtraBackup下载地址
https://www.percona.com/downloads/XtraBackup/LATEST/
Percona XtraBackup提供了xtrabackup和innobackupex两个工具
1，xtrabackup只能备份InnoDB和XtraDB两种数据表，而不能备份MyISAM数据表
2，innobackupex是参考了InnoDB Hotbackup的innoback脚本修改而来的.innobackupex是一个perl脚本封装，封装了xtrabackup。主要是为了方便的 同时备份InnoDB和MyISAM引擎的表，但在处理myisam时需要加一个读锁。并且加入了一些使用的选项。如slave-info可以记录备份恢 复后，作为slave需要的一些信息，根据这些信息，可以很方便的利用备份来重做slave。
全数据库备份：
[root@ms01
/backup
]
# innobackupex --user=aolens --password=*** /backup/
Error: option
'datadir'
has different values:
'.'
in
defaults
file
'/usr/local/mysql/data/'
in
SHOW VARIABLES
报错datadir默认是当前路径，show variables是/usr/local/mysql/data
查看数据库datadir的值：show global variables like '%datadir%'；
查看配置文件发现配置文件里没有datadir参数的定义，为配置文件添加上datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
[root@ms01 ~]
# innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=aolens --password=aolens /backup/
160113 11:08:55 innobackupex: Starting the backup operation
IMPORTANT: Please check that the backup run completes successfully.
At the end of a successful backup run innobackupex
prints
"completed OK!"
.
160113 11:08:55 version_check Connecting to MySQL server with DSN
'dbi:mysql:;mysql_read_default_group=xtrabackup;port=3306;mysql_socket=/tmp/mysql.sock'
as
'aolens'
(using password: YES).
160113 11:08:55 version_check Connected to MySQL server
160113 11:08:55 version_check Executing a version check against the server...
160113 11:08:55 version_check Done.
160113 11:08:55 Connecting to MySQL server host: localhost, user: aolens, password:
set
, port: 3306, socket:
/tmp/mysql
.sock
Using server version 5.5.29-log
innobackupex version 2.3.2 based on MySQL server 5.6.24 Linux (x86_64) (revision
id
: 306a2e0)
xtrabackup: uses posix_fadvise().
xtrabackup:
cd
to
/usr/local/mysql/data
xtrabackup:
open
files limit requested 0,
set
to 1024
xtrabackup: using the following InnoDB configuration:
xtrabackup: innodb_data_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup: innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
xtrabackup: innodb_log_group_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup: innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
xtrabackup: innodb_log_file_size = 5242880
160113 11:08:55 >> log scanned up to (23706694302)
xtrabackup: Generating a list of tablespaces
160113 11:08:55 [01] Copying .
/ibdata1
to
/backup//2016-01-13_11-08-55/ibdata1
160113 11:08:56 >> log scanned up to (23706694560)
160113 11:08:56 [01] ...
done
160113 11:08:57 >> log scanned up to (23706694560)
Executing FLUSH NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG TABLES...
160113 11:08:57 Executing FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK...
160113 11:08:57 Starting to backup non-InnoDB tables and files
...
160113 11:09:13 [00] ...
done
160113 11:09:13 Executing FLUSH NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG ENGINE LOGS...
xtrabackup: The latest check point (
for
incremental):
'23706694560'
xtrabackup: Stopping log copying thread.
.160113 11:09:13 >> log scanned up to (23706694560)
160113 11:09:13 Executing UNLOCK TABLES
160113 11:09:13 All tables unlocked
160113 11:09:13 Backup created
in
directory
'/backup//2016-01-13_11-08-55'
MySQL binlog position: filename
'mysql-bin.000032'
, position
'286360161'
160113 11:09:13 [00] Writing backup-my.cnf
160113 11:09:13 [00] ...
done
160113 11:09:13 [00] Writing xtrabackup_info
160113 11:09:13 [00] ...
done
xtrabackup: Transaction log of lsn (23706693241) to (23706694560) was copied.
160113 11:09:13 completed OK!
备份成功
所以在使用xtrabackup时一定要注意，在配置文件里写上datadir的路径，不然数据还原也会出错。
单库备份
[root@ms01
/backup
]
# innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=aolens --password=*** --database=recon /backup/
数据还原
提交未提交的数据
innobackupex --apply-log /backup/2016-01-13_11-08-55/
innobackup不支持离线备份，但是恢复无需启动MySQL。
删除数据目录下的一个库目录。执行恢复。
[root@node2 data]
# innobackupex --copy-back /backup/2016-01-13_11-08-55/
innobackupex: Error: Original data directory
'/mydata/data'
is not empty! at
/usr/bin/innobackupex
line 2163.
#报错数据目录不为空！
[root@node2 data]
# rm -rf * #删除数据目录下的所有文件。
[root@node2 data]
# innobackupex --copy-back /backup/2016-01-13_11-08-55/
innobackupex: Finished copying back files.
140909 02:58:36 innobackupex: completed OK!
修改恢复回来的数据的权限
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/data
启动mysql即可
http://www.aolens.cn/?p=862