HAProxy+Keepalived实现负载均衡高可用

HAProxy+Keepalived实现负载均衡高可用


一、环境

5台虚拟机,分别是:

1台测试机(192.168.2.83);

2台haproxy/keepalived(192.168.2.230/192.168.2.231);

2台Web Servers(192.168.2.232/192.168.2.233);

注:VIP设置为 192.168.2.228;


二、安装配置Web Server

由于Web Server的安装与配置非常简单,根据自己喜好,安装一个即可;比如:apache、nginx、tomcat等等。在此就不再详述;


三、安装配置HAProxy

yum -y install gcc kernel-devel openssl-devel lrzsz vim wget
wget http://www.haproxy.org/download/1.5/src/haproxy-1.5.12.tar.gz
tar xzvf haproxy-1.5.12.tar.gz
cd haproxy-1.5.12
make TARGET=linux26 PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy
make install PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy
mkdir -p /usr/local/haproxy/{conf,run,log}
cp ./examples/haproxy.cfg /usr/local/haproxy/conf/
cd /usr/local/haproxy/conf/

>haproxy.cfg

cat <<eof >> /usr/local/haproxy/conf/haproxy.cfg
global
        log 127.0.0.1   local3
        maxconn 4096
        chroot /usr/local/haproxy
        uid 501
        gid 501
        nbproc 2
        pidfile /usr/local/haproxy/run/haproxy.pid
        daemon

defaults
        log     global
        mode    http
        option  httplog
        option  dontlognull
        retries 2
        option  redispatch
        option  forwardfor
        option  httpclose
        maxconn 2000
        balance roundrobin
        timeout connect 5s
        timeout client 50000ms
        timeout server 50000ms

frontend http
        bind *:80
        mode http
        option  httplog
        default_backend http_pool

backend http_pool
        option  httpchk HEAD /index.html HTTP/1.0

        balance source

        server html_1 192.168.2.232:80 cookie 1 weight 2 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 3

        server html_2 192.168.2.233:80 cookie 2 weight 2 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 3

listen stats
        bind *:8888
        mode http
        bind-process 1
        stats uri /haproxy-stats
        stats realm Haproxy \ statistic
        stats auth admin:admin
eof


设置HAProxy 服务器启动脚本(/etc/init.d/haproxy),内容大致如下:

#! /bin/sh  
set -e  
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/haproxy/sbin  
PROGDIR=/usr/local/haproxy  
PROGNAME=haproxy  
DAEMON=$PROGDIR/sbin/$PROGNAME  
CONFIG=$PROGDIR/conf/$PROGNAME.cfg
PIDFILE=$PROGDIR/run/$PROGNAME.pid  
DESC="HAProxy Daemon"  
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$PROGNAME  
   
# Gracefully exit if the package has been removed.  
test -x $DAEMON || exit 0  
  
start()  
{  
        echo -n "Starting $DESC: $PROGNAME"  
        $DAEMON -f $CONFIG  
        echo "."  
}  
   
stop()  
{  
        echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $PROGNAME"  
        #haproxy_pid=`cat $PIDFILE`  
        `pkill -9 haproxy`
        echo "."  
}  
   
restart()  
{  
        echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $PROGNAME"  
        $DAEMON -f $CONFIG -p $PIDFILE -sf $(cat $PIDFILE)  
        echo "."  
}  
   
case "$1" in  
  start)  
        start  
        ;;  
  stop)  
        stop  
        ;;  
  restart)  
        restart  
        ;;  
  *)  
        echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart}" >&2  
        exit 1  
        ;;  
esac   
exit 0


chmod +x /etc/init.d/haproxy

注:以上的操作,两台都需要操作;到此,我们的HA就安装及配置好了。


四、安装配置Keepalived

wget  http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.15.tar.gz
tar xzvf keepalived-1.2.15.tar.gz
cd keepalived-1.2.15
./configure --sysconf=/etc/ --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-504.23.4.el6.x86_64/

#内核参数,根据不同的操作系统,会不一样,注意更改为您服务器上的内核路径即可;

make
make install
ln -s /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /sbin/
cd /etc/keepalived/
cp keepalived.conf keepalived.conf.bak

编辑keepalive.conf主配置文件,内容大致如下:

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   router_id LVS_DEVEL
}

vrrp_script chk_haproxy {
        script "/etc/keepalived/check_haproxy.sh"
        interval 2
        weight 2
        }

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER/BACKUP        #前主后备
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 66
    priority 100/80        #前主后备
    advert_int 3
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 333333
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.2.228
    }
        track_script {
                chk_haproxy
        }
}


因为主配置文件里有用到一个检测haproxy状态的脚本,所以另外需要创建脚本,内容如下:

# cat check_haproxy.sh

#!/bin/bash
haproxy=`ps -C haproxy --no-header|wc -l`
if [ $haproxy -eq 0 ]; then
/etc/init.d/haproxy start > /dev/null
sleep 5
hastatus=`ps -C haproxy --no-header|wc -l`
if [ $hastatus -eq 0 ]; then
/etc/init.d/keepalived stop > /dev/null
fi
fi

chmod +x /etc/keepalived/check_haproxy.sh

注:同样,以上的所有操作,需要两台服务器上一样操作,注意更改主备及优先级即可;到此,keepalive的相关安装与配置即OK了;


五、测试及校验

  1. 启动keepalived(两台):/etc/init.d/keepalived start

  2. 在主服务器上随意把haproxy或者keepalived服务关闭,观察服务的可用性;

  3. 如果飘到备服务器上了,同样,在备服务器上随意把haproxy或者keepalived服务关闭,再观察;

  4. 最后需要注意的是,如果服务器上有启用安全软件,比如ipatalbes,一定要让服务器间相互访问,不仅仅是ping通;如:iptables -I INPUT -s 192.168.2.0/24 -j ACCEPT


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