CentOS6.7部署MySQL多实例

MySQL多实例介绍

一般大企业使用多实例安装方式

什么是多实例

简单的说，MySQL多实例就是在一台服务器上同时开启多个不同的服务端口（如：3306、3307），同时运行多个MySQL服务进程，这些服务进程通过不同的socket监听不同的服务端口来提供服务。

这些MySQL多实例共用一套mysql安装程序，使用不同的my.cnf（也可以相同）配置文件、启动程序（也可以相同）和数据文件。

MySQL多实例的作用

1.有效利用服务器资源 
可以实现资源的逻辑上的隔离 
2.节约服务器资源 
需要主从复制等技术时，多实例就再好不过。

MySQL多实例有它的好处，但也有弊端，比如：会存在资源互相抢占的问题。

MySQL多实例的生产应用场景

1.公司资金紧张 
2.并发访问部署特别大的业务 
公司业务访问量部署很大的时候。 
3.门户网站应用MySQL多实例场景

门户网站通常都会使用多实例，因为配置硬件好的服务器，可节省IDC机柜空间，用时，跑多实例也会减少硬件资源跑不满的浪费。

安装MySQL多实例

安装数据库依赖包

rpm -qa ncurses-devel libaio-devel

yum install ncurses-devel libaio-devel -y

安装编译安装工具cmake

yum install cmake -y

创建mysql服务用户

[root@db02 ~]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M 
[root@db02 ~]# id mysql 
uid=513(mysql) gid=513(mysql) 组=513(mysql)

下载mysql安装包

cd /home/oldboy/tools 
rz 上传mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz软件包 
tar xf mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz 
cd mysql-5.5.32

开始编译安装

cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/application/mysql-5.5.32 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/application/mysql-5.5.32/data \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk,gb2312,utf8,ascii \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1 \
-DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DWITH_DEBUG=0

1.-- Running cmake version 2.8.12.2
2.-- MySQL 5.5.32
3.-- Packaging as: mysql-5.5.32-Linux-x86_64
4.-- Configuring done
5.CMake Warning (dev) in sql/CMakeLists.txt:
6.  Policy CMP0022 is not set:INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES defines the link
7.  interface.  Run "cmake --help-policy CMP0022"for policy details.  Use the
8.  cmake_policy command to set thepolicy and suppress this warning.
9.
10.  Target "mysqld" has anINTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES property which differs from
11.  its LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIESproperties.
12.
13.  INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES:
14.
15.    -lpthread;sql;mysys
16.
17.  LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES:
18.
19.    rt
20.
21.This warning is for project developers. Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.
22.
23.-- Generating done
#出现上述表述cmake成功!
make && make install 

 

[root@db01 ~]# ll /application/mysql-5.5.32/ 
total 76 
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 15 14:16 bin 
-rw-r�Cr�C 1 root root 17987 Jul 2 2013 COPYING 
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Dec 15 14:16 data 
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 15 14:16 docs 
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Dec 15 14:16 include 
-rw-r�Cr�C 1 root root 7470 Jul 2 2013 INSTALL-BINARY 
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Dec 15 14:16 lib 
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Dec 15 14:16 man 
drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 4096 Dec 15 14:16 mysql-test 
-rw-r�Cr�C 1 root root 2496 Jul 2 2013 README 
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 15 14:16 scripts 
drwxr-xr-x 27 root root 4096 Dec 15 14:16 share 
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Dec 15 14:16 sql-bench 
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Dec 15 14:16 support-files

做个软连接

ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.32/ /application/mysql

mkdir -p /data/{3306,3307}/data 
[root@db01 ~]# tree /data/ 
/data/ 
├── 3306 
│ └── data 
└── 3307 
└── data

4 directories, 0 files

上传mysql配置文件、启动脚本

rz 上传data.zip压缩包到/下 
unzip data.zip 解包 

[root@web02 /]# tree /data

/data

├── 3306

│   ├── data

│   ├── my.cnf

│   └── mysql

└── 3307

    ├── data

    ├── my.cnf

    └── mysql

4 directories, 4 files

[root@web02 /]# cat /data/3306/my.cnf 

[client]

port            = 3306

socket          = /data/3306/mysql.sock

[mysql]

no-auto-rehash

[mysqld]

user    = mysql

port    = 3306

socket  = /data/3306/mysql.sock

basedir = /application/mysql

datadir = /data/3306/data

open_files_limit    = 1024

back_log = 600

max_connections = 800

max_connect_errors = 3000

table_cache = 614

external-locking = FALSE

max_allowed_packet =8M

sort_buffer_size = 1M

join_buffer_size = 1M

thread_cache_size = 100

thread_concurrency = 2

query_cache_size = 2M

query_cache_limit = 1M

query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k

#default_table_type = InnoDB

thread_stack = 192K

#transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED

tmp_table_size = 2M

max_heap_table_size = 2M

long_query_time = 1

#log_long_format

#log-error = /data/3306/error.log

#log-slow-queries = /data/3306/slow.log

pid-file = /data/3306/mysql.pid

log-bin = /data/3306/mysql-bin

relay-log = /data/3306/relay-bin

relay-log-info-file = /data/3306/relay-log.info

binlog_cache_size = 1M

max_binlog_cache_size = 1M

max_binlog_size = 2M

expire_logs_days = 7

key_buffer_size = 16M

read_buffer_size = 1M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 1M

bulk_insert_buffer_size = 1M

#myisam_sort_buffer_size = 1M

#myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G

#myisam_max_extra_sort_file_size = 10G

#myisam_repair_threads = 1

#myisam_recover

lower_case_table_names = 1

skip-name-resolve

slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062

replicate-ignore-db=mysql

server-id = 1

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 4M

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:128M:autoextend

innodb_file_io_threads = 4

innodb_thread_concurrency = 8

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2

innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M

innodb_log_file_size = 4M

innodb_log_files_in_group = 3

innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120

innodb_file_per_table = 0

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 2M

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/data/3306/mysql_oldboy3306.err

pid-file=/data/3306/mysqld.pid

[root@web02 /]# 

[root@web02 /]# cat /data/3306/mysql

#!/bin/sh

################################################

#this scripts is created by oldboy at 2007-06-09

#oldboy QQ:31333741

#site:http://www.etiantian.org

#blog:http://oldboy.blog.51cto.com

#oldboy trainning QQ group: 208160987 226199307  44246017

################################################

#init

port=3306

mysql_user="root"

mysql_pwd="oldboy"

CmdPath="/application/mysql/bin"

mysql_sock="/data/${port}/mysql.sock"

#startup function

function_start_mysql()

{

    if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then

      printf "Starting MySQL...\n"

      /bin/sh ${CmdPath}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/${port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &

    else

      printf "MySQL is running...\n"

      exit

    fi

}

#stop function

function_stop_mysql()

{

    if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then

       printf "MySQL is stopped...\n"

       exit

    else

       printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"

       ${CmdPath}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S /data/${port}/mysql.sock shutdown

   fi

}

#restart function

function_restart_mysql()

{

    printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"

    function_stop_mysql

    sleep 2

    function_start_mysql

}

case $1 in

start)

    function_start_mysql

;;

stop)

    function_stop_mysql

;;

restart)

    function_restart_mysql

;;

*)

    printf "Usage: /data/${port}/mysql {start|stop|restart}\n"

esac

[root@web02 /]#

[root@web02 /]# cat /data/3307/my.cnf  

[client]

port            = 3307

socket          = /data/3307/mysql.sock

[mysql]

no-auto-rehash

[mysqld]

user    = mysql

port    = 3307

socket  = /data/3307/mysql.sock

basedir = /application/mysql

datadir = /data/3307/data

open_files_limit    = 1024

back_log = 600

max_connections = 800

max_connect_errors = 3000

table_cache = 614

external-locking = FALSE

max_allowed_packet =8M

sort_buffer_size = 1M

join_buffer_size = 1M

thread_cache_size = 100

thread_concurrency = 2

query_cache_size = 2M

query_cache_limit = 1M

query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k

#default_table_type = InnoDB

thread_stack = 192K

#transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED

tmp_table_size = 2M

max_heap_table_size = 2M

#long_query_time = 1

#log_long_format

#log-error = /data/3307/error.log

#log-slow-queries = /data/3307/slow.log

pid-file = /data/3307/mysql.pid

#log-bin = /data/3307/mysql-bin

relay-log = /data/3307/relay-bin

relay-log-info-file = /data/3307/relay-log.info

binlog_cache_size = 1M

max_binlog_cache_size = 1M

max_binlog_size = 2M

expire_logs_days = 7

key_buffer_size = 16M

read_buffer_size = 1M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 1M

bulk_insert_buffer_size = 1M

#myisam_sort_buffer_size = 1M

#myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G

#myisam_max_extra_sort_file_size = 10G

#myisam_repair_threads = 1

#myisam_recover

lower_case_table_names = 1

skip-name-resolve

slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062

replicate-ignore-db=mysql

server-id = 3

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 4M

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:128M:autoextend

innodb_file_io_threads = 4

innodb_thread_concurrency = 8

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2

innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M

innodb_log_file_size = 4M

innodb_log_files_in_group = 3

innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120

innodb_file_per_table = 0

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 2M

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/data/3307/mysql_oldboy3307.err

pid-file=/data/3307/mysqld.pid

给mysql启动脚本添加执行权限 
[root@db01 3306]# find /data -type f -name "mysql" |xargs chmod +x  

-rw-r�Cr�C 1 root root 1307 Jul 15 2013 /data/3306/mysql 
-rw-r�Cr�C 1 root root 1307 Jul 21 2013 /data/3307/mysql

授权

chown -R mysql.mysql /data/

初始化数据库

cd /application/mysql/scripts/
./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/data/3306/data/--user=mysql
.
OK
Filling help tables...
OK
$表述初始化正常

./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/data/3307/data/--user=mysql

OK
Filling help tables...
OK
$表述初始化正常

 

[root@db02 scripts]# /data/3306/mysql start 
Starting MySQL… 
[root@db02 scripts]# /data/3307/mysql start 
Starting MySQL… 
[root@db02 scripts]# netstat -lntup|grep 330 
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 20669/mysqld 
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3307 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 21387/mysqld

进入数据库 
mysql -S /data/3306/mysql.sock 
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock 
登录3306实例： 
mysql -uroot -poldboy123 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock 
登录3307实例： 
mysql -uroot -poldboy123 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock

辅助查看系统日志/var/log/messsages

启动停止mysql服务 
/data/3306/mysql stop 
/data/3306/mysql start 
添加开机自启动服务 
echo “#mysql multi instances” >>/etc/rc.local 
echo “/data/3306/mysql start” >>/etc/rc.local 
echo “/data/3307/mysql start” >>/etc/rc.local