voice lab2 – GK Operations

Voice Lab 2 �CGK

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1- GK e164

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配置如下:

R1(config)#int lo 0

R1(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255

R1(config-if)#no shut

R1(config)#gatekeeper

R1(config-gk)#zone local a cisco.com 1.1.1.1

R1(config-gk)#no shut

R1(config)#int f0/1

R1(config-if)#h323-gateway voip interface

R1(config-if)#h323-gateway voip id a ipaddr 1.1.1.1

R1(config-if)#h323-gateway voip bind srcaddr 192.168.100.1

R1(config-if)#h323-gateway voip h323-id r1

R1(config)#dial-peer voice 2000 voip

R1(config-dial-peer)#destination-pattern 2...

R1(config-dial-peer)#session target ras

R1(config-dial-peer)#dtmf-relay h245-a

R1(config-dial-peer)#no vad

R2(config)#int f0/1

R2(config-if)#h323-gateway voip interface

R2(config-if)#h323-gateway voip id a ipadd 1.1.1.1

R2(config-if)#h323-gateway voip bind srcaddr 192.168.3.1

R2(config-if)#exit

R2(config)#gateway

R2(config)#dial-peer voice 1000 voip

R2(config-dial-peer)#destination-pattern 1...

R2(config-dial-peer)#session target ras

R2(config-dial-peer)#dtmf-relay h245-a

R2(config-dial-peer)#no vad

R1#show gatekeeper endpoints

GATEKEEPER ENDPOINT REGISTRATION

================================

CallSignalAddr Port RASSignalAddr Port Zone Name Type Flags

--------------- ----- --------------- ----- --------- ---- -----

192.168.3.1 1720 192.168.3.1 65439 a VOIP-GW

H323-ID: r2

E164-ID: 2001

Voice Capacity Max.= Avail.= Current.= 0

192.168.100.1 1720 192.168.100.1 61114 a VOIP-GW

H323-ID: r1

E164-ID: 1001

E164-ID: 1002

Voice Capacity Max.= Avail.= Current.= 0

Total number of active registrations = 2

以上是单zone单GK的拓扑用的是e164来解析的。

R1(config)#gatekeeper

R1(config-gk)#alias static 192.168.3.1 gkid a e164 2002 《如何手工注册》

R1(config-gk)#end

R1#show gatek end

GATEKEEPER ENDPOINT REGISTRATION

================================

CallSignalAddr Port RASSignalAddr Port Zone Name Type Flags

--------------- ----- --------------- ----- --------- ---- -----

192.168.3.1 1720 192.168.3.1 64876 a VOIP-GW D S

E164-ID: 2001

E164-ID: 2002 (static)

H323-ID: r2

Voice Capacity Max.= Avail.= Current.= 0

192.168.100.1 1720 192.168.100.1 58492 a VOIP-GW

E164-ID: 1001

E164-ID: 1002

H323-ID: r1

Voice Capacity Max.= Avail.= Current.= 0

Total number of active registrations = 2

试验结果:1001 ----> 2001 可通

2- GK Tech-prefix

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======取消自动注册e164===============

R2(config)#ephone-dn 1

R2(config-ephone-dn)#num 2001 no-reg

R1(config)#ephone-dn 1

R1(config-ephone-dn)#number 1001 no-reg

R1(config-ephone-dn)#exit

R1(config)#ephone-dn 2

R1(config-ephone-dn)#number 1002 no-reg

R1(config)#int f0/1

R1(config-if)#h323-gateway voip tech-prefix 1#

R1(config-if)#end

R1#show gateke gw-type-prefix

GATEWAY TYPE PREFIX TABLE

=========================

Prefix: 1#*

Zone a master gateway list:

192.168.100.1:1720 r1

R1(config)#gatekeeper

R1(config-gk)#gw-type-prefix 1# default-technology

R1(config-gk)#end

R1#show gatek gw

GATEWAY TYPE PREFIX TABLE

=========================

Prefix: 1#* (Default gateway-technology)

Zone a master gateway list:

192.168.100.1:1720 r1

试验结果: 2001----calling ----> 1001 是可通的,如下图,原因是有default gateway-technology的缘故

但1001----calling--->2001 不通

不过,静态写明细e164条目和缺省路由都不是常规的部署方案,因为GK可能存在多个default gateway

通常的办法是添加tech-prefix ,通常我们说的区号

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PS: translation rules

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R1(config)#gatekee

R1(config-gk)#no gw-type-pre 1# default \\取消掉default gateway

R2(config)#int f0/1

R2(config-if)#h323-gateway voip tech-prefix 2#

R1#show gatekeeper gw-type-prefix

GATEWAY TYPE PREFIX TABLE

=========================

Prefix: 1#*

Zone a master gateway list:

192.168.100.1:1720 r1

Prefix: 2#*

Zone a master gateway list:

192.168.3.1:1720 r2

R1(config)#dial-peer voice 2000 voip \\呼叫2...的号码前,加上2#

R1(config-dial-peer)#tech-prefix 2#

R2(config)#dial-p voice 1000 voip \\呼叫1...的号码前,加上1#

R2(config-dial-peer)#tech-prefix 1#

但是还是有个问题,当2#+号码送到R2上是没办法处理的 ,R1 同理

所以R1和R2要做入向裁号

R2(config)#voice translation-rule 1

R2(cfg-translation-rule)#rule 1 /^.*\(2...\)$/ /\1/

R2(cfg-translation-rule)#exit

R2(config)#voice translation-profile for2# \\定义profile name

R2(cfg-translation-profile)#translate called 1\\调用在被叫方向

R2(cfg-translation-profile)#exit

R2(config)#voip-incoming translation-profile for2#

R1(config)#voice translation-rule 1

R1(cfg-translation-rule)#rule 1 /^.*\(1...\)$/ /\1/

R1(cfg-translation-rule)#exit

R1(config)#voice translation-profile for1#

R1(cfg-translation-profile)#translate called 1

R1(cfg-translation-profile)#exit

R1(config)#voip-incoming translation-profile for1#

R1#show voice translation-rule \\察看rules

Translation-rule tag: 1

Rule 1:

Match pattern: ^.*\(1...\)$

Replace pattern: \1

Match type: none Replace type: none

Match plan: none Replace plan: none

R1#show voice translation-pro

R1#show voice translation-profile

Translation Profile: for1#

Rule for Calling number:

Rule for Called number: 1

Rule for Redirect number:

Rule for Redirect-target number:

也可以在dial-peer voice 1111 voip 下调用,看实际情况的应用.

translation-profile outgoing for1#

试验结果1001 calling 2001 successfully

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3- GK Zone-Prefix

一般来说,zone prefix是GK的管理域,一个GK可以有多个zone, zone是用来管理带宽的 ,它必须跟tech-prefix一起使用

3.1 单GK 单 zone

这种情况用的很少

R2(config-if)#int f0/1

R2(config-if)#no h323-gateway voip tech-prefix 2#

R2(config-if)#h323-gateway voip tech-pre 1#

R2(config-if)#gateway

R2(config-gateway)#exit

R1(config)#dial-pee voice 2000 voip

R1(config-dial-peer)#no tech-prefix 2#

R1(config-dial-peer)#tech-prefix 1#

R1(config-dial-peer)#end

\\这样R1和R2都对1#有管理权

R1(config)#gatekeeper

R1(config-gk)#zone prefix a 1 gw-priority 10 r1

R1(config-gk)#zone prefix a 1 gw-priority 0 r2

R1(config-gk)#zone prefix a 2 gw-pri 10 r2

R1(config-gk)#zone prefix a 2 gw-pri 0 r1

R1#show gatekeeper gw-type-prefix

GATEWAY TYPE PREFIX TABLE

=========================

Prefix: 1#*

Zone a master gateway list:

192.168.100.1:1720 r1

192.168.3.1:1720 r2

Zone a prefix 2* priority gateway list(s):

Priority 10:

192.168.3.1:1720 r2

Zone a prefix 1* priority gateway list(s):

Priority 10:

192.168.100.1:1720 r1

\\由于r1和r2都宣称管理tech-prefix是1#的号码,所以向GK查询号码时候"1#1001"

"1#1002"如何路由时,GK认为r1r2均是1#号码的管理者,当2001----calling----1001时 剥离1#前最后,1001号码属于1*归属r1管理.

Gk告诉r2应该向r1发起链接

GW h323-ID

Local Zone

E164

Tech-prefix

Zone-prefix

Ip address

R1

a

/

1#

1*

192.168.100.1

R2

a

/

1#

2*

192.168.3.1

3.2 单GK多zone

R1(config)#gatek

R1(config-gk)#no alias static 192.168.3.1 \\清除静态e164地址.

R1/2(config)#int f0/1

R1/2(config-if)#no h323-gateway voip id a ipaddr 1.1.1.1 1719

R1/2(config-if)#no h323-gateway voip tech-prefix 1# <2#>

R1/2(config-if)#no h323-gateway voip h323-id r1 <r2>

R1/2(config-if)#no h323-gateway voip bind srcaddr 192.168.100.1 <192.168.3.1>

R1/2(config-if)#no h323-gateway voip interface

确保没有任何endpoints有注册,如下:

R1#sh gatek endpoints

GATEKEEPER ENDPOINT REGISTRATION

================================

CallSignalAddr Port RASSignalAddr Port Zone Name Type Flags

--------------- ----- --------------- ----- --------- ---- -----

Total number of active registrations = 0

重新注册到gk

R1(config)#gatek

R1(config-gk)#no zone local a cisco.com 1.1.1.1

R1(config-gk)#zone local a1 cisco.com 1.1.1.1

R1(config-gk)#zone local a2 cisco.com 1.1.1.1

R1(config-gk)#exit

R1(config)#int f0/1

R1(config-if)#h323-gateway voip interface

R1(config-if)#h323-gateway voip id a1 ipaddr 1.1.1.1

R1(config-if)#h323-gateway voip h323-id r1

R1(config-if)#h323-gateway voip bind srcaddr 192.168.100.1

R1(config-if)#h323-gateway voip tech-prefix 1#

R2(config-if)#int f0/1

R2(config-if)#h323-gateway voip interface

R2(config-if)# h323-gateway voip id a2 ipaddr 1.1.1.1

R2(config-if)# h323-gateway voip h323-id r2

R2(config-if)# no h323-gateway voip tech-prefix 1#

R2(config-if)# h323-gateway voip bind srcaddr 192.168.3.1

R2(config-if)# h323-gateway voip tech-prefix 2# \\宣告对2#管理

R1(config)#dial-peer voice 2000 voip \\打2#的标

R1(config-dial-peer)#no tech-prefix 1#

R1(config-dial-peer)#tech-prefix 2#

结果如下:

R1#sh gatek end

GATEKEEPER ENDPOINT REGISTRATION

================================

CallSignalAddr Port RASSignalAddr Port Zone Name Type Flags

--------------- ----- --------------- ----- --------- ---- -----

192.168.3.1 1720 192.168.3.1 63388 a2 VOIP-GW

H323-ID: r2

Voice Capacity Max.= Avail.= Current.= 0

192.168.100.1 1720 192.168.100.1 52448 a1 VOIP-GW

H323-ID: r1

Voice Capacity Max.= Avail.= Current.= 0

Total number of active registrations = 2

R1#show gatek gw

GATEWAY TYPE PREFIX TABLE

=========================

Prefix: 1#*

Zone a1 master gateway list:

192.168.100.1:1720 r1

Prefix: 2#*

Zone a2 master gateway list:

192.168.3.1:1720 r2

R1(config)#gatekeeper

R1(config-gk)#zone prefix a1 1*

R1(config-gk)#zone prefix a2 2* \\确定2个zone决定归属权问题

R1(config-gk)#bandwidth total zone a1 1280 \\分别对不同的zone的带宽管理

R1(config-gk)#bandwidth total zone a2 2560

GW h323-ID

Local Zone

E164

Tech-prefix

Zone-prefix

Ip address

R1

a1

/

1#

1*

192.168.100.1

R2

a2

/

2#

2*

192.168.3.1

Gk的决策树:

分为

1管辖层面,不能决定路由,但可以提前拒绝

2 路由层面,e164号码,tech-prefix+zone prefix,default gw technology + zone prefix每个条件可以决定路由

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R2向gk 查询号码1#1001,1#1002,gk摘除1#之后1开头的号码都属于1* 归属zone a 1管辖,在zone a 1里1#归属于r1管理,所以gk告诉r2向r1 发起呼叫连接

4- 多 GK多zone

这里我们只谈GK peer to peer

1-在r1和r2分别作zone local和指定zone remote

R1#sh run | be gateke

gatekeeper

zone local a cisco.com 1.1.1.1

zone remote b cisco.com 2.2.2.2 1719

gw-type-prefix 2#* hopoff b

no shutdown

R2#sh run | be gateke

gatekeeper

zone local b cisco.com 2.2.2.2

zone remote a ciscocom 1.1.1.1 1719

gw-type-prefix 1#* hopoff a

no shutdown

2-在r1 和r2分别注册到gk

R2#sh run int f0/1

Building configuration...

Current configuration : 277 bytes

!

interface FastEthernet0/1

ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0

duplex auto

speed auto

h323-gateway voip interface

h323-gateway voip id b ipaddr 2.2.2.2 1719

h323-gateway voip h323-id r2

h323-gateway voip tech-prefix 2# //宣告对2#有管理权限

h323-gateway voip bind srcaddr 192.168.3.1

R1#sh run int f0/1

Building configuration...

Current configuration : 281 bytes

!

interface FastEthernet0/1

ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0

duplex auto

speed auto

h323-gateway voip interface

h323-gateway voip id a ipaddr 1.1.1.1 1719

h323-gateway voip h323-id r1

h323-gateway voip tech-prefix 1#

h323-gateway voip bind srcaddr 192.168.100.1

3-在r1和r2上分别部署dial-peer

R1#sh run | be dial-peer

dial-peer voice 2000 voip

translation-profile incoming for1#

destination-pattern 2...

session target ras

tech-prefix 2#

dtmf-relay h245-alphanumeric

no vad

R2#sh run | be dial-peer

dial-peer voice 1000 voip

translation-profile incoming for2#

destination-pattern 1...

session target ras

tech-prefix 1#

dtmf-relay h245-alphanumeric

no vad

R1#sh gateke end

GATEKEEPER ENDPOINT REGISTRATION

================================

CallSignalAddr Port RASSignalAddr Port Zone Name Type Flags

--------------- ----- --------------- ----- --------- ---- -----

192.168.100.1 1720 192.168.100.1 56259 a VOIP-GW

H323-ID: r1

Voice Capacity Max.= Avail.= Current.= 0

Total number of active registrations = 1

R1#sh gatek gw

GATEWAY TYPE PREFIX TABLE

=========================

Prefix: 1#*

Zone a master gateway list:

192.168.100.1:1720 r1

sh

Prefix: 2#* (Hopoff zone b)

R1#show gateke zone prefix

ZONE PREFIX TABLE

=================

GK-NAME E164-PREFIX

------- -----------

a 1*

b 2*

4-定义zone prefix

R1:gatekeeper

zone local a cisco.com 1.1.1.1

zone remote b cisco.com 2.2.2.2 1719

zone prefix a 1*

zone prefix b 2*

gw-type-prefix 2#* hopoff b

no shutdown

R2:gatekeeper

zone local b cisco.com 2.2.2.2

zone remote a ciscocom 1.1.1.1 1719

zone prefix a 1*

zone prefix b 2*

gw-type-prefix 1#* hopoff a

no shutdown

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GW h323-ID

Local Zone

E164

Tech-prefix

Zone-prefix

Ip address

R1

a of gka

/

1#

1*

192.168.100.1

R2

B of gkb

/

2#

2*

192.168.3.1

5- 排错命令

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Debug ras

Debug gateke main 5 <10>

Show gatekeep calls

标注:以上实验全是来自于yeslab…试验的下载可以到我的网盘下载到.

本文出自 “Erick WAY” 博客,谢绝转载!

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