企业生产MySQL主从同步配置
MySQL主从同步配置
前言：测试环境
一台mysql多个实例
主机IP地址 10.0.0.52
Master 3306
Salve 3307
一、主库要开启binlog服务
1. 1修改配置文件3306/my.cnf
[root@db02 ~]# egrep "log-bin|server-id" /data/3306/my.cnf log-bin = /data/3306/mysql-bin server-id = 1
1. 2查看主库有没有开启binlog服务
方法一：
mysql -uroot -pylh123 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -e "show variables like 'log_bin'"; +---------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | log_bin | ON | <=====ON表示开启 +---------------+-------+
方法二：
查看3306实例目录下面有没有日志文件
[root@db02 ~]# ll /data/3306/mysql-* -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 7680 Jan 4 14:37 /data/3306/mysql-bin.000001 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 221 Jan 4 14:37 /data/3306/mysql-bin.000002 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 221 Jan 4 14:37 /data/3306/mysql-bin.000003 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 221 Jan 4 14:37 /data/3306/mysql-bin.000004 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 221 Jan 4 14:37 /data/3306/mysql-bin.000005 ... ... -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 126 Jan 4 21:18 /data/3306/mysql-bin.000029 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 107 Jan 4 21:18 /data/3306/mysql-bin.000030 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 140 Dec 16 09:46 /data/3306/mysql-bin.index
二、从库关闭binlog服务
修改配置文件3307/my.cnf
[root@db02 ~]# egrep "log-bin|server-id" /data/3307/my.cnf #log-bin = /data/3307/mysql-bin server-id = 3
####如果做级联要打开binlog服务，还有其他配置。
三，添加一个账号允许从库可以同步
1、建立用于从库复制的账号rep
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'rep'@'10.0.0.%' identified by 'ylh123'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) #<====刷新到磁盘中去
# replication slave 为mysql同步的必须权限，此次不要授权all
# *.* 表示所有库所有表，也可以指定具体的库和表进行复制。oldboy.test。
# 'rep'@'10.0.0.%' rep为同步账号。10.0.0.%位授权主机网段，使用了%表示允许整个10.0.0.0网段以rep用户访问。
2、查看rep用户有哪些权限
mysql> show grants for 'rep'@'10.0.0.%'; +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for [email protected].% | +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'rep'@'10.0.0.%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*FE28814B4A8B3309DAC6ED7D3237ADED6DA1E515' | +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
四、在主库做备份
4. 1 在主库中添加读锁
mysql> flush table with read lock; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.30 sec) ##不让别的用户往里面写
4. 2 开始备份数据库
4.2.1首先查看一下主库的状态
mysql> flush table with read lock; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.30 sec) mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin.000030 | 107 | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
#前面添加了只读锁，107是备份点，从这个点开始进行备份
mysql> show master logs; +------------------+-----------+ | Log_name | File_size | +------------------+-----------+ | mysql-bin.000001 | 7680 | | mysql-bin.000002 | 221 | | mysql-bin.000003 | 221 | | mysql-bin.000004 | 221 | | mysql-bin.000005 | 221 | ... ... | mysql-bin.000029 | 126 | | mysql-bin.000030 | 107 | +------------------+-----------+ 30 rows in set (0.00 sec)
4.2.2 开始备份
方法一：
[root@db02 ~]# mysqldump -uroot -pylh123 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -A -B --events|gzip >/opt/rep.sql.gz
方法二：
[root@db02 ~]# mysqldump -uroot -pylh123 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -A -B --events --master-data=2 >/opt/rep.sql
##查看一下是否是从107点备份
[root@db02 ~]# grep "mysql-bin.000030" /opt/rep.sql -- CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000030', MASTER_LOG_POS=107;
4.2.3再查看一下数据库有没有锁定2663备份点有没有变化
mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin.000030 | 107 | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
4.2.4 解出读锁
mysql> unlock tables; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
五、将主库的数据导入到从库
提示：该环境是一台MySQL数据库多个实例，所以如果想测试两要服务器只需要将rep.sql数据推送到从数据库即可
mysql -uroot -pylh456 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock </opt/rep.sql
登录到3307从库中
mysql -uroot -p456 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO -> MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.52', -> MASTER_PORT=3306, -> MASTER_USER='rep', -> MASTER_PASSWORD='ylh123', -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000030', -> MASTER_LOG_POS=107; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
###上面填写的主库信息都放在3307的master.info文件中
[root@db02 ~]# cat /data/3307/data/master.info 18 mysql-bin.000005 2663 10.0.0.52 rep oldboy123 3306 60 0 0 1800.000 0
#当主库放binlog日志的时候从库的master.info文件会不断的更新里面的信息
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000030', MASTER_LOG_POS=107;
六、开启slave从库开关
mysql> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
##查看从库是否开启进程IO、SQL
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.0.0.52
Master_User: rep
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000030
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107
Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 253
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000030
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 107
Relay_Log_Space: 403
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
七、测试结果是否同步
#1.主库创建oldboy库
mysql -uroot -pylh123 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock create database ylh;
#2.登录从库查看结果
mysql -uroot -pylh123 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | ylh | | performance_schema | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
提示：该环境是一台MySQL服务器多个实例，操作全部都在一台MySQL服务器上也就是主机db02
如何配置MySQL多实例部署方案，敬请关注我的博客http://yulianhui.blog.51cto.com/