NA-NP-IE系列实验52: 帧中继环境下NBMA 模式
实验52: 帧中继环境下NBMA 模式
1.
实验目的
通过本实验可以掌握：
（1）帧中继静态映射及broadcast 参数的含义
（2）NBMA 模式下的DR 选举
（3）手工配置OSPF 邻居
（4）NBMA 模式下OSPF 的配置和调试
2.
拓扑结构
实验拓扑
3.
实验步骤
注：
1.
帧中继是典型的
NBMA
（NonBroadcast Multiple Access）网络，其拓扑结构通常有
两种：
Full Mesh(
全互联
)
和Hub-and-Spoke（中心－分支）。
2.
在帧中继网络上，OSPF 接口缺省的网络类型为NON_BROADCAST。在这种模式下，
OSPF
不会在帧中继接口上发送Hello 包，因此无法建立最基本的邻接关系。可以手工使用
“neighbor”命令来指定邻居，这时Hello 包以单播形式传送；
3.NBMA
属于多路访问网络，所以要进行DR 选举。
r1(config)#int loo 1
*Mar 1 00:00:53.591: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback1, changed state to up
r1(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1 .1 255.255.255.0
r1(config-if)#int s0/0
r1(config-if)#ip add 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
r1(config-if)#no sh
r1(config-if)#exit
r1(config)#int loo 1
r1(config-if)#ip ospf net point-to-point
r1(config-if)#no sh
r1(config-if)#exit
r1(config)#int s0/0
r1(config-if)#enca frame-relay
r1(config-if)#
*Mar 1 00:02:32.363: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
r1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.1 101 broadcast
//
帧中继静态映射
r1(config-if)#no frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.1 101 broadcast
r1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.2 101 broadcast
r1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.3 101 broadcast
r1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.1 101
//
使得可以PING 通自己
r1(config-if)#no fram inver
//
关闭帧中继动态ARP 解析
r1(config-if)#no sh
r1(config-if)#exit
r1(config)#router ospf 1
r1(config-router)#net 1.1.1 .0 0.0.0.255 area 0
r1(config-router)#net 172.16.1.0 0.0.0 .255 area 0
r1(config-router)#nei 172.16.1.2
//
手工指OSPF 邻居
r1(config-router)#nei 172.16.1.3
r1(config-router)#
*Mar 1 00:12:38.303: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 3.3.3 .3 on Serial0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
r1(config-router)#do ping 172.16.1.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.1.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 24/52/84 ms
r1(config-router)#do ping 172.16.1.
*Mar 1 00:13:34.895: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 2.2.2 .2 on Serial0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
r1(config-router)#do ping 172.16.1.3
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.1.3, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/55/96 ms
r1(config-router)#do sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF , IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1 .0 is directly connected, Loopback1
2.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 2.2.2 .0 [110/65] via 172.16.1.2, 00:00:04, Serial0/0
3.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 3.3.3 .0 [110/65] via 172.16.1.3, 00:00:04, Serial0/0
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
r1(config-router)#do sh ip ospf int
Serial0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 172.16.1.1/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1 .1, Network Type NON_BROADCAST, Cost: 64
//
接口网络类型为NBMA 模式
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 1
//
自己是DR,接口优先级为1
Designated Router (ID) 3.3.3 .3, Interface address 172.16.1.3
//DR
的ID 和接口地址
Backup Designated router (ID) 1.1.1 .1, Interface address 172.16.1.1
Timer intervals configured, Hello 30, Dead 120, Wait 120, Retransmit 5
//NBMA
模式下，Hello 周期为30 秒
oob-resync timeout 120
Hello due in 00:00:27
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 2, Adjacent neighbor count is 2
Adjacent with neighbor 2.2.2 .2
Adjacent with neighbor 3.3.3 .3 (Designated Router)
//
与路由器R2 和R3 形成邻接关系
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
Loopback1 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 1.1.1 .1/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1 .1, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
r1(config-router)#
r2(config)#int loo 1
r2(config-if)#ip add 2.
*Mar 1 00:03:58.971: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback1, changed state to up
r2(config-if)#ip add 2.2.2 .2 255.255.255.0
r2(config-if)#ip ospf net point-to-point
r2(config-if)#no sh
r2(config-if)#int s0/0
r2(config-if)#ip add 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0
r2(config-if)#no sh
r2(config-if)#
*Mar 1 00:05:04.619: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to down
r2(config-if)#enca fram
r2(config-if)#
*Mar 1 00:11:13.395: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
r2(config-if)#frame map ip 172.16.1.1 201 broadcast
r2(config-if)#frame map ip 172.16.1.3 201 broadcast
r2(config-if)#frame map ip 172.16.1.2 201
r2(config-if)#no fram inver
r2(config-if)#no sh
r2(config-if)#exit
r2(config)#router ospf 1
r2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2 .2
r2(config-router)#net 2.2.2 .0 0.0.0.255 area 0
r2(config-router)#net 172.16.1.0 0.0.0 .255 area 0
r2(config-router)#nei 172.16.1.1
r2(config-router)#nei 172.16.1.3
r2(config-router)#
*Mar 1 00:13:35.571: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 1.1.1 .1 on Serial0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
*Mar 1 00:15:16.707: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 0.0.0 .0 on Serial0/0 from ATTEMPT to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Dead timer expired
r2(config-router)#
r3(config)#int loo 1
r3(config-if)#ip add
*Mar 1 00:04:49.783: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback1, changed state to up 172.16.1.3 255.255.255.0
r3(config-if)#no sh
r3(config-if)#no ip add
r3(config-if)#ip add 3.3.3 .3 255.255.255.0
r3(config-if)#ip ospf net point-to-point
r3(config-if)#no sh
r3(config-if)#exit
r3(config)#int s0/0
r3(config-if)#ip add 172.16.1.3 255.255.255.0
r3(config-if)#no sh
r3(config-if)#
*Mar 1 00:06:16.483: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to upenc
*Mar 1 00:06:17.487: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to upap
% Incomplete command.
r3(config-if)#encap fram
r3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.1 302
r3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.1 302 broadcast
r3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.2 302 broadcast
r3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.3
*Mar 1 00:07:09.467: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to down302
r3(config-if)#no fr
*Mar 1 00:07:29.467: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to upam inver
r3(config-if)#no sh
r3(config-if)#exit
r3(config)#router ospf 1
r3(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1 .1
r3(config-router)#no router-id 1.1.1 .1
r3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3 .3
r3(config-router)#net 3.3.3 .0 0.0.0.255 area 0
r3(config-router)#net 172.16.1.0 0.0.0 .255 area 0
r3(config-router)#neighbor 172.16.1.1
r3(config-router)#neigh 172.16.1.2
r3(config-router)#
*Mar 1 00:12:38.731: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 0.0.0 .0 on Serial0/0 from ATTEMPT to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Dead timer expired
*Mar 1 00:12:38.959: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 1.1.1 .1 on Serial0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
r3(config-router)#do sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF , IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 1.1.1 .0 [110/65] via 172.16.1.1, 00:01:21, Serial0/0
3.0.0 .0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 3.3.3 .0 is directly connected, Loopback1
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
r3(config-router)#
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