给STRUTS2+SPRING项目集成HIBERNATE,DBUNIT

         首先给ECLIPSE安装M2ECLIPSE插件，插件的UPDATESITE地址是http://m2eclipse.sonatype.org/sites/m2e，安装完毕后如果插件报Missing indirectly referenced artifact com.sun:tools:jar:1.5.0: 的错 请在ECLIPSE启动时候加上 -vm "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_01\bin"   后面的参数值是JDK的bin目录，如下图所示：

 

              插件安装完毕后，双击pom.xml文件，我们将会看到如下界面 ，

 

    插件解析了POM.XML文件使其可视化了，我们先点击dependencies页，然后就可以点击ADD按钮增加需要的依赖JAR包了，如下图：

 

添加完毕后，pom.xml的依赖项描述如下：

<dependencies>
    <!-- Junit -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.0</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!--  Struts 2 -->
    <dependency>
           <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
           <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
           <version>2.0.11.2</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
           <artifactId>struts2-sitemesh-plugin</artifactId>
           <version>2.0.11.2</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
           <artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId>
           <version>2.0.11.2</version>
       </dependency>

    <!-- Servlet & Jsp -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.4</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.0</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Jakarta Commons -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>
        <version>1.7.0</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- JPA  -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.persistence</groupId>
        <artifactId>persistence-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.0</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- hibernate  -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-annotations</artifactId>
        <version>3.3.0.ga</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-commons-annotations</artifactId>
        <version>3.3.0.ga</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.5.ga</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- mysql connector  -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>${jdbc.groupId}</groupId>
           <artifactId>${jdbc.artifactId}</artifactId>
           <version>${jdbc.version}</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- Dwr -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>uk.ltd.getahead</groupId>
        <artifactId>dwr</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.1</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- data source -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
        <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
        <version>0.9.1</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- spring  -->
     <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-hibernate3</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.8</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.4</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.4</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.6</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.6</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

 从中可以发现mysql connector 有点奇怪，没有版本号和JAR包名，这是因为这些信息作为公共信息提取出来了，在pom.xml尾端我们加入了一下属性描述，如下：

 

<properties>
       <dbunit.dataTypeFactoryName>org.dbunit.ext.mysql.MySqlDataTypeFactory</dbunit.dataTypeFactoryName>
       <dbunit.operation.type>CLEAN_INSERT</dbunit.operation.type>
       <hibernate.dialect>org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</hibernate.dialect>
       <jdbc.groupId>mysql</jdbc.groupId>
    <jdbc.artifactId>mysql-connector-java</jdbc.artifactId>
       <jdbc.version>5.1.13</jdbc.version>
       <jdbc.driverClassName>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</jdbc.driverClassName>
       <jdbc.url><![CDATA[jdbc:mysql://localhost/test?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf-8]]></jdbc.url>
       <jdbc.username>root</jdbc.username>
       <jdbc.password>root</jdbc.password>
  </properties>

注：dbunit.dataTypeFactoryName  是dbunit数据类型生成器的类型配置，可以根据不同的数据库进行设置，有如下配置可供选择

• org.dbunit.ext.db2.Db2DataTypeFactory
• org.dbunit.ext.h2.H2DataTypeFactory
• org.dbunit.ext.db2.HsqldbDataTypeFactory
• org.dbunit.ext.mssql.MsSqlDataTypeFactory
• org.dbunit.ext.mysql.MySqlDataTypeFactory
• org.dbunit.ext.oracle.OracleDataTypeFactory
• org.dbunit.ext.oracle.Oracle10DataTypeFactory
• org.dbunit.ext.postgresql.PostgresqlDataTypeFactory
• org.dbunit.ext.netezza.NetezzaDataTypeFactory

 OK 添加完依赖项以后我们添加 dbunit插件和hibernate3-maven插件，我们点击plugins页，然后点击ADD按钮就可以添加了，方法雷同添加依赖项，添加完毕以后我们需要对插件进行配置，这只能直接改pom.xml文件进行配置，我们来看下最终的配置xml片段，

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
    <artifactId>dbunit-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-beta-3</version>
     <executions>
         <execution>
           <id>test-compile</id>
           <phase>test-compile</phase>
           <goals>
             <goal>operation</goal>
           </goals>
         </execution>
         <execution>
           <id>test</id>
           <phase>test</phase>
           <goals>
             <goal>operation</goal>
           </goals>
         </execution>
       </executions>
       <dependencies>
         <dependency>
           <groupId>${jdbc.groupId}</groupId>
           <artifactId>${jdbc.artifactId}</artifactId>
           <version>${jdbc.version}</version>
         </dependency>
       </dependencies>
       <configuration>
         <dataTypeFactoryName>${dbunit.dataTypeFactoryName}</dataTypeFactoryName>
         <driver>${jdbc.driverClassName}</driver>
         <username>${jdbc.username}</username>
         <password>${jdbc.password}</password>
         <url>${jdbc.url}</url>
         <src>src/test/resources/sample-data.xml</src>
         <type>${dbunit.operation.type}</type>
         <skip>${maven.test.skip}</skip><!--很重要，可以控制是否要在package时插入测试数据-->
       </configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
    <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
    <artifactId>hibernate3-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.2</version>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
         <groupId>${jdbc.groupId}</groupId>
           <artifactId>${jdbc.artifactId}</artifactId>
           <version>${jdbc.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <configuration>
        <components>
            <component>
                <name>hbm2ddl</name>
                <implementation>annotationconfiguration</implementation>
            </component>
        </components>
        <componentProperties>
            <drop>true</drop>
            <jdk5>true</jdk5>
            <propertyfile>target/classes/jdbc.properties</propertyfile>
        </componentProperties>
        <skip>${maven.test.skip}</skip><!--很重要，可以控制是否要在package时重新建表-->
    </configuration>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <phase>process-test-resources</phase>
            <goals>
                <goal>hbm2ddl</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

 以上配置的具体含义可以查看这些插件的官方文档。

        好了以上配置完成以后，我们接着创建配置文件和实体类，列表如下：

1、创建实体类/src/main/java/com/ceair/app/model   User.java  使用注解来标识字段，之后可以通过hibernate3-maven-plug插件生成对应的表，代码如下：

package com.ceair.app.model;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;

/**
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
@Entity
public class User {
    private Long id;
    private String name;
    /**
     * @return the id
     */
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    /**
     * @param id the id to set
     */
    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    /**
     * @return the name
     */
    @Column(name="name")
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    /**
     * @param name the name to set
     */
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

}

2、创建hibernate配置文件 src/main/resources/hibernate.cfg.xml 对实体类进行映射，配置内容如下：

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <mapping class="com.ceair.app.model.User"/>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

3、创建 src/main/resources/jdbc.properties  此文件中的信息applicationContext.xml和hibernate3-maven-plugin将会用到，内容如下：

hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect
hibernate.connection.username=root
hibernate.connection.password=root
hibernate.connection.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost/test?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
hibernate.connection.driver_class=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

4、创建JPA描述文件src/main/resources/META-INF/persistence.xml ，其内容如下：

 

<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd"
    version="1.0">
    <persistence-unit name="ApplicationEntityManager" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
        <provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
        <!--
        <properties>
            <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create-drop"/>
        </properties>
         -->
    </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

5、创建DBUNIT种子数据文件 src/test/resources/sample-data.xml dbunit-maven-plug插件需要使用此文件，其内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<dataset>
    <table name="user">
        <column>id</column>
        <column>name</column>
        <row>
            <value description="id">-1</value>
            <value description="name">user</value>
        </row>
        <row>
            <value description="id">-2</value>
            <value description="name">管理员</value>
        </row>
    </table>
</dataset>

6、修改src/main/resources/applicationContext.xml 添加hibernate相关的配置，添加内容如下：

  <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">        <property name="locations">            <list>                <value>classpath:jdbc.properties</value>            </list>        </property>    </bean>
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource" destroy-method="close">
       <property name="driverClassName" value="${hibernate.connection.driver_class}"/>
       <property name="url" value="${hibernate.connection.url}"/>
       <property name="username" value="${hibernate.connection.username}"/>
       <property name="password" value="${hibernate.connection.password}"/>
      <property name="maxActive" value="100"/>
       <property name="maxWait" value="1000"/>
       <property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true"/>
       <property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="true"/>
   </bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
       <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
       <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"/>

       <property name="hibernateProperties">
           <props>
               <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>
               <prop key="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache">false</prop>
               <prop key="hibernate.cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider</prop>
               <prop key="show_sql">true</prop>
           </props>
       </property>
   </bean>

注意： datasource使用了org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource 不具备连接池功能，生产环境可以使用com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource，sessionFactory中的show_sql项在生产中应该是false

最后安装MYSQL5，需要注意的是如果之前安装过MYSQL但是忘了root用户密码的话，请删除C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data 下的MYSQL文件夹后再安装，还有记得选择默认语言编码为UTF-8。

以上工作全部完成以后，打开命令行，进入项目目录后输入mvn jetty:run后启动项目，项目启动后会自动在MYSQL中创建user表 并插入sample-data.xml中的数据，如下图所示：