ntsysv工具
Ntsysv
是
redhat
提供的集中管理系统各种服务的工具，在
RedHat
各个发行版，
centos
各个版本，都自带这个工具。比起
solaris 10
的
SMF
来，要方便很多了，因为
ntsysv
一次就可以选中或取消多个服务，而
svcadmin
只能一个一个的来。
RedHat
有
2
种方法启用
ntsysv:
一种是直接在命令行下执行命令
ntsysv,
另外一种是执行
setup
命令间接进入。不管是哪种方式进入，其结果都是相同的。下面用图示来说明一下这个过程。
回车后出现下列菜单：
光标定位System services ,再按“Tab”键选“Run Tool”，也可以直接回车。
用空白键（最长的那个）选中或取消服务。选中时，服务的前面的方括号里是“
*
”，反之则表示取消。设置完毕后，按“
Tab
”到“
ok
”回车结束配置。如果直接执行命令
ntsysv,
步骤就比
setup
少。
当我们使用
ntsysv
管理服务时，究竟后面进行的实质是什么？进入当前运行目录
/etc/rc3.d(
我的系统当前运行级别是
3
，运行命令
who –r
查看之
)
，用命令
ll
列出所有的目录，然后统计一下目录
/
文件数目：
|
[root@myest rc3.d]# ll
total 4
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Oct 18 12:17 K01tog-pegasus -> ../init.d/tog-pegasus
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Oct 18 12:17 K01yum -> ../init.d/yum
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Oct 18 12:17 K02haldaemon -> ../init.d/haldaemon
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 Oct 18 12:17 K02NetworkManager -> ../init.d/NetworkManager
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Oct 18 12:17 K03messagebus -> ../init.d/messagebus
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Oct 18 12:17 K03rhnsd -> ../init.d/rhnsd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Oct 18 12:17 K05anacron -> ../init.d/anacron
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Oct 18 12:17 K10cups -> ../init.d/cups
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Oct 18 12:17 K10psacct -> ../init.d/psacct
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Oct 18 12:17 K10xfs -> ../init.d/xfs
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Oct 18 12:17 K15gpm -> ../init.d/gpm
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Oct 18 12:17 K17iiim -> ../init.d/iiim
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Oct 18 12:17 K20nfs -> ../init.d/nfs
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Oct 18 12:17 K24irda -> ../init.d/irda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Oct 18 12:17 K30courier-imap -> ../init.d/courier-imap
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Oct 18 12:17 K35winbind -> ../init.d/winbind
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Oct 18 12:17 K40smartd -> ../init.d/smartd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Oct 18 12:17 K44rawdevices -> ../init.d/rawdevices
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Oct 18 12:17 K50ibmasm -> ../init.d/ibmasm
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Oct 18 12:17 K50netdump -> ../init.d/netdump
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Oct 18 12:17 K50xinetd -> ../init.d/xinetd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Oct 18 12:17 K56acpid -> ../init.d/acpid
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Oct 18 12:17 K68rpcidmapd -> ../init.d/rpcidmapd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Oct 18 12:17 K69rpcgssd -> ../init.d/rpcgssd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Oct 18 12:17 K72autofs -> ../init.d/autofs
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Oct 18 12:17 K73ypbind -> ../init.d/ypbind
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Oct 18 12:17 K74apmd -> ../init.d/apmd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Oct 18 12:17 K74nscd -> ../init.d/nscd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Oct 18 12:17 K74ntpd -> ../init.d/ntpd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Oct 18 12:17 K75netfs -> ../init.d/netfs
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 Oct 18 12:17 K85courier-authlib -> ../init.d/courier-authlib
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Oct 18 12:17 K85mdmonitor -> ../init.d/mdmonitor
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Oct 18 12:17 K85mdmpd -> ../init.d/mdmpd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Oct 18 12:17 K86nfslock -> ../init.d/nfslock
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Oct 18 12:17 K87auditd -> ../init.d/auditd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Oct 18 12:17 K87irqbalance -> ../init.d/irqbalance
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Oct 18 12:17 K87portmap -> ../init.d/portmap
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Oct 18 12:17 K89netplugd -> ../init.d/netplugd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Oct 18 12:17 K90bluetooth -> ../init.d/bluetooth
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Oct 18 12:17 K91isdn -> ../init.d/isdn
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Oct 18 12:17 K92arptables_jf -> ../init.d/arptables_jf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Oct 18 12:17 K92iptables -> ../init.d/iptables
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Oct 18 12:17 K94diskdump -> ../init.d/diskdump
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Oct 18 12:17 K95kudzu -> ../init.d/kudzu
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Oct 18 12:17 K95openibd -> ../init.d/openibd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Oct 18 12:17 K96ipmi -> ../init.d/ipmi
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Oct 18 12:17 K96pcmcia -> ../init.d/pcmcia
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Oct 18 12:17 K99cpuspeed -> ../init.d/cpuspeed
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 Oct 18 12:17 K99microcode_ctl -> ../init.d/microcode_ctl
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Oct 18 12:17 K99readahead -> ../init.d/readahead
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 Oct 18 12:17 K99readahead_early -> ../init.d/readahead_early
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Oct 18 12:17 S10network -> ../init.d/network
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Oct 18 12:17 S12syslog -> ../init.d/syslog
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Oct 18 12:17 S55sshd -> ../init.d/sshd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Oct 18 12:17 S90crond -> ../init.d/crond
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Oct 18 12:17 S95atd -> ../init.d/atd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 Jul 30 13:23 S99local -> ../rc.local
|
全是链接文件，真实的文件在目录
/etc/init.d
呢。
|
[root@myest rc3.d]# ll | wc -l
58
|
现在
/etc/rc3.d
目录有
58
个链接文件。接下来，我们使用
ntsysv
添加一个服务，如“
kuzdu
”，执行完毕后，再查目录
/etc/rc3.d
，其结果如下：
|
[root@myest rc3.d]# ll
total 4
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Dec 20 14:24 K01tog-pegasus -> ../init.d/tog-pegasus
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Dec 20 14:24 K01yum -> ../init.d/yum
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Dec 20 14:24 K02haldaemon -> ../init.d/haldaemon
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 Dec 20 14:24 K02NetworkManager -> ../init.d/NetworkManager
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Dec 20 14:24 K03messagebus -> ../init.d/messagebus
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Dec 20 14:24 K03rhnsd -> ../init.d/rhnsd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Dec 20 14:24 K05anacron -> ../init.d/anacron
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Dec 20 14:24 K10cups -> ../init.d/cups
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Dec 20 14:24 K10psacct -> ../init.d/psacct
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Dec 20 14:24 K10xfs -> ../init.d/xfs
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Dec 20 14:24 K15gpm -> ../init.d/gpm
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Dec 20 14:24 K17iiim -> ../init.d/iiim
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Dec 20 14:24 K20nfs -> ../init.d/nfs
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Dec 20 14:24 K24irda -> ../init.d/irda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Dec 20 14:24 K30courier-imap -> ../init.d/courier-imap
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Dec 20 14:24 K35winbind -> ../init.d/winbind
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Dec 20 14:24 K40smartd -> ../init.d/smartd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Dec 20 14:24 K44rawdevices -> ../init.d/rawdevices
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Dec 20 14:24 K50ibmasm -> ../init.d/ibmasm
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Dec 20 14:24 K50netdump -> ../init.d/netdump
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Dec 20 14:24 K50xinetd -> ../init.d/xinetd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Dec 20 14:24 K56acpid -> ../init.d/acpid
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Dec 20 14:24 K68rpcidmapd -> ../init.d/rpcidmapd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Dec 20 14:24 K69rpcgssd -> ../init.d/rpcgssd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Dec 20 14:24 K72autofs -> ../init.d/autofs
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Dec 20 14:24 K73ypbind -> ../init.d/ypbind
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Dec 20 14:24 K74apmd -> ../init.d/apmd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Dec 20 14:24 K74nscd -> ../init.d/nscd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Dec 20 14:24 K74ntpd -> ../init.d/ntpd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Dec 20 14:24 K75netfs -> ../init.d/netfs
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 Dec 20 14:24 K85courier-authlib -> ../init.d/courier-authlib
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Dec 20 14:24 K85mdmonitor -> ../init.d/mdmonitor
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Dec 20 14:24 K85mdmpd -> ../init.d/mdmpd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Dec 20 14:24 K86nfslock -> ../init.d/nfslock
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Dec 20 14:24 K87auditd -> ../init.d/auditd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Dec 20 14:24 K87irqbalance -> ../init.d/irqbalance
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Dec 20 14:24 K87portmap -> ../init.d/portmap
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Dec 20 14:24 K89netplugd -> ../init.d/netplugd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Dec 20 14:24 K90bluetooth -> ../init.d/bluetooth
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Dec 20 14:24 K91isdn -> ../init.d/isdn
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Dec 20 14:24 K92arptables_jf -> ../init.d/arptables_jf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Dec 20 14:24 K92iptables -> ../init.d/iptables
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Dec 20 14:24 K94diskdump -> ../init.d/diskdump
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Dec 20 14:24 K95openibd -> ../init.d/openibd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Dec 20 14:24 K96ipmi -> ../init.d/ipmi
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Dec 20 14:24 K96pcmcia -> ../init.d/pcmcia
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Dec 20 14:24 K99cpuspeed -> ../init.d/cpuspeed
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 Dec 20 14:24 K99microcode_ctl -> ../init.d/microcode_ctl
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Dec 20 14:24 K99readahead -> ../init.d/readahead
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 Dec 20 14:24 K99readahead_early -> ../init.d/readahead_early
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Dec 20 14:24 S05kudzu -> ../init.d/kudzu
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Dec 20 14:24 S10network -> ../init.d/network
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Dec 20 14:24 S12syslog -> ../init.d/syslog
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Dec 20 14:24 S55sshd -> ../init.d/sshd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Dec 20 14:24 S90crond -> ../init.d/crond
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Dec 20 14:24 S95atd -> ../init.d/atd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 Jul 30 13:23 S99local -> ../rc.local
|
从输出可以看见多了一个文件
S05kudzu,
文件个数现在是
59
，确实是多了一个。再运行工具
ntsysv
把这个服务取消，这时目录
/etc/rc3.d
将删除链接文件
S05kuzdu
。由此我们可以得出结论，
ntsysv
的作用就是把目录
/etc/init.d
的文件在相应运行级别的目录创建或删除链接文件。
懂得这个原理后，我们用手工的方法也可以完成这个操作，而且可以把这个方法运用在各种
unix/linux
操作系统，要程序随系统开机启动就不是难事了。
2007-12-20
本文出自 “sery” 博客，转载请与作者联系！