学 Win32 汇编[31] - 结构与联合
结构和联合分别用 struct、union 定义, 都是 ends 结束定义.
它们使用方法相同, 并可以互相嵌套; 主要区别是后者的各成员共用同一个地址.
结构示例:
; Test31_1.asm .386 .model flat, stdcall include windows.inc include kernel32.inc include masm32.inc include debug.inc includelib kernel32.lib includelib masm32.lib includelib debug.lib ;定义结构 MyPoint struct X dd ? Y dd ? MyPoint ends .data ;声明结构, 使用 <>、{} 均可 pt1 MyPoint <> pt2 MyPoint {} pt3 MyPoint <33,44> pt4 MyPoint {55,66} pt5 MyPoint {77,} pt6 MyPoint {,88} pt7 MyPoint {,} .code main proc mov pt1.X, 11 mov pt1.Y, 22 inc pt1.X PrintDec pt1.X ;12 PrintDec pt1.Y ;22 ; PrintDec pt2.X ;0 PrintDec pt2.Y ;0 ; PrintDec pt3.X ;33 PrintDec pt3.Y ;44 ; PrintDec pt4.X ;55 PrintDec pt4.Y ;66 ; PrintDec pt5.X ;77 PrintDec pt5.Y ;0 ; PrintDec pt6.X ;0 PrintDec pt6.Y ;88 ; PrintDec pt7.X ;0 PrintDec pt7.Y ;0 ret main endp end main
联合示例:
; Test31_2.asm .386 .model flat, stdcall include windows.inc include kernel32.inc include masm32.inc include debug.inc includelib kernel32.lib includelib masm32.lib includelib debug.lib ;定义联合 MyUnion union D dd ? W dw ? B db ? MyUnion ends .data u1 MyUnion <> u2 MyUnion {1122h} ;只能有一个初始值 .code main proc mov u1.D, 12345678h PrintHex u1.D ;12345678 PrintHex u1.W ;5678 PrintHex u1.B ;78 ; PrintHex u2.D ;00001122 PrintHex u2.W ;1122 PrintHex u2.B ;22 ret main endp end main
用寄存器引用结构变量:
; Test31_3.asm .386 .model flat, stdcall include windows.inc include kernel32.inc include masm32.inc include debug.inc includelib kernel32.lib includelib masm32.lib includelib debug.lib MyPoint struct X dd ? Y dd ? MyPoint ends .data pt1 MyPoint <11,22> .code main proc lea ebx, pt1 PrintDec (MyPoint ptr [ebx]).X ;11 PrintDec (MyPoint ptr [ebx]).Y ;22 ret main endp end main
定义时的数据初始化:
; Test31_4.asm .386 .model flat, stdcall include windows.inc include kernel32.inc include masm32.inc include debug.inc includelib kernel32.lib includelib masm32.lib includelib debug.lib MyStruct struct FName db 12 dup(0) FAge db 66 MyStruct ends .data u1 MyStruct <> u2 MyStruct <'张三', 88> .code main proc PrintString u1.FName ; PrintDec u1.FAge ;66 PrintString u2.FName ;张三 PrintDec u2.FAge ;88 ret main endp end main
使用 SYSTEMTIME 结构获取系统时间的例子:
; Test31_5.asm .386 .model flat, stdcall include windows.inc include kernel32.inc include masm32.inc include debug.inc includelib kernel32.lib includelib masm32.lib includelib debug.lib ;SYSTEMTIME 结构定义在 windows.inc ;GetLocalTime 函数声明在 kernel32.inc .data sysTime SYSTEMTIME <> .code main proc invoke GetLocalTime, addr sysTime PrintDec sysTime.wYear ;2010 PrintDec sysTime.wMonth ;4 PrintDec sysTime.wDay ;22 ret main endp end main
结构嵌套:
; Test31_6.asm .386 .model flat, stdcall include windows.inc include kernel32.inc include masm32.inc include debug.inc includelib kernel32.lib includelib masm32.lib includelib debug.lib Pt struct X dd ? Y dd ? Pt ends Rect struct Left Pt <> Right Pt <> Rect ends .data r1 Rect <> r2 Rect <<55,66>, <77,88>> .code main proc mov r1.Left.X, 11 mov r1.Left.Y, 22 mov r1.Right.X, 33 mov r1.Right.Y, 44 PrintDec r1.Left.X ;11 PrintDec r1.Left.Y ;22 PrintDec r1.Right.X ;33 PrintDec r1.Right.Y ;44 PrintDec r2.Left.X ;55 PrintDec r2.Left.Y ;66 PrintDec r2.Right.X ;77 PrintDec r2.Right.Y ;88 ret main endp end main