mybatis动态sql语句

实现一个组合查询的例子:如下
<select id="getAllBookInfo" resultType="PKBookInfoDto">
        SELECT bi.id AS id
             , bi.book_name AS bookName           
             ,co.name as courseName
        FROM  t_paike_book_info as bi,
              t_paike_course as co
          WHERE bi.course_id = co.id
        <if test="xuebuType != null and xuebuType != ''">
            AND bi.xuebu_type like CONCAT('%','${xuebuType}','%')
        </if>
        <if test="courseId != null and courseId != ''">
            AND bi.course_id like CONCAT('%','${courseId}','%')
        </if>
          limit #{pCurrent}, #{pSize}
    </select>

具体mybatis动态SQL语句有个很好的博客
http://blog.csdn.net/ask_rent/article/details/6320326
写的很详细哦,太给力啦。。。。
三、动态SQL语句

        有些时候,sql语句where条件中,需要一些安全判断,例如按性别检索,如果传入的参数是空的,此时查询出的结果很可能是空的,也许我们需要参数为空时,是查出全部的信息。这是我们可以使用动态sql,增加一个判断,当参数不符合要求的时候,我们可以不去判断此查询条件。
        下文均采用mysql语法和函数(例如字符串链接函数CONCAT)。

        源代码http://limingnihao.javaeye.com/admin/blogs/782190页面最下面;




3.1 if标签



一个很普通的查询:
Xml代码 复制代码 收藏代码

    <!-- 查询学生list,like姓名 --> 
    <select id="getStudentListLikeName" parameterType="StudentEntity" resultMap="studentResultMap"> 
        SELECT * from STUDENT_TBL ST   
    WHERE ST.STUDENT_NAME LIKE CONCAT(CONCAT('%', #{studentName}),'%')  
    </select> 

[xml] view plaincopy

    <!-- 查询学生list,like姓名 --> 
    <select id="getStudentListLikeName" parameterType="StudentEntity" resultMap="studentResultMap"> 
        SELECT * from STUDENT_TBL ST  
    WHERE ST.STUDENT_NAME LIKE CONCAT(CONCAT('%', #{studentName}),'%') 
    </select> 




但是此时如果studentName是null或空字符串,此语句很可能报错或查询结果为空。此时我们使用if动态sql语句先进行判断,如果值为null或等于空字符串,我们就不进行此条件的判断。

修改为:
Xml代码 复制代码 收藏代码

    <!-- 查询学生list,like姓名 --> 
    <select id=" getStudentListLikeName " parameterType="StudentEntity" resultMap="studentResultMap"> 
        SELECT * from STUDENT_TBL ST  
        <if test="studentName!=null and studentName!='' "> 
            WHERE ST.STUDENT_NAME LIKE CONCAT(CONCAT('%', #{studentName}),'%')  
        </if> 
    </select> 

[xml] view plaincopy

    <!-- 查询学生list,like姓名 --> 
    <select id=" getStudentListLikeName " parameterType="StudentEntity" resultMap="studentResultMap"> 
        SELECT * from STUDENT_TBL ST 
        <if test="studentName!=null and studentName!='' "> 
            WHERE ST.STUDENT_NAME LIKE CONCAT(CONCAT('%', #{studentName}),'%') 
        </if> 
    </select> 





此时,当studentName的值为null或’’的时候,我们并不进行where条件的判断,所以当studentName值为null或’’值,不附带这个条件,所以查询结果是全部。

由于参数是Java的实体类,所以我们可以把所有条件都附加上,使用时比较灵活, new一个这样的实体类,我们需要限制那个条件,只需要附上相应的值就会where这个条件,相反不去赋值就可以不在where中判断。


   代码中的where标签,请参考3.2.1.
Xml代码 复制代码 收藏代码

    <!-- 查询学生list,like姓名,=性别、=生日、=班级,使用where,参数entity类型 --> 
    <select id="getStudentListWhereEntity" parameterType="StudentEntity" resultMap="studentResultMap"> 
        SELECT * from STUDENT_TBL ST  
        <where> 
            <if test="studentName!=null and studentName!='' "> 
                ST.STUDENT_NAME LIKE CONCAT(CONCAT('%', #{studentName}),'%')  
            </if> 
            <if test="studentSex!= null and studentSex!= '' "> 
                AND ST.STUDENT_SEX = #{studentSex}  
            </if> 
            <if test="studentBirthday!=null"> 
                AND ST.STUDENT_BIRTHDAY = #{studentBirthday}  
            </if> 
            <if test="classEntity!=null and classEntity.classID !=null and classEntity.classID!='' "> 
                AND ST.CLASS_ID = #{classEntity.classID}  
            </if> 
        </where> 
    </select> 

[xml] view plaincopy

    <!-- 查询学生list,like姓名,=性别、=生日、=班级,使用where,参数entity类型 --> 
    <select id="getStudentListWhereEntity" parameterType="StudentEntity" resultMap="studentResultMap"> 
        SELECT * from STUDENT_TBL ST 
        <where> 
            <if test="studentName!=null and studentName!='' "> 
                ST.STUDENT_NAME LIKE CONCAT(CONCAT('%', #{studentName}),'%') 
            </if> 
            <if test="studentSex!= null and studentSex!= '' "> 
                AND ST.STUDENT_SEX = #{studentSex} 
            </if> 
            <if test="studentBirthday!=null"> 
                AND ST.STUDENT_BIRTHDAY = #{studentBirthday} 
            </if> 
            <if test="classEntity!=null and classEntity.classID !=null and classEntity.classID!='' "> 
                AND ST.CLASS_ID = #{classEntity.classID} 
            </if> 
        </where> 
    </select> 





查询,姓名中有‘李’,男,生日在‘1985-05-28’,班级在‘20000002’的学生。
Java代码 复制代码 收藏代码

    StudentEntity entity = new StudentEntity();  
    entity.setStudentName("李");  
    entity.setStudentSex("男");  
    entity.setStudentBirthday(StringUtil.parse("1985-05-28"));  
    entity.setClassEntity(classMapper.getClassByID("20000002"));  
    List<StudentEntity> studentList = studentMapper.getStudentListWhereEntity(entity);  
    for( StudentEntity entityTemp : studentList){  
        System.out.println(entityTemp.toString());  
    } 

[java] view plaincopy

    StudentEntity entity = new StudentEntity(); 
    entity.setStudentName("李"); 
    entity.setStudentSex("男"); 
    entity.setStudentBirthday(StringUtil.parse("1985-05-28")); 
    entity.setClassEntity(classMapper.getClassByID("20000002")); 
    List<StudentEntity> studentList = studentMapper.getStudentListWhereEntity(entity); 
    for( StudentEntity entityTemp : studentList){ 
        System.out.println(entityTemp.toString()); 
    } 





3.2 where、set、trim标签

3.2.1 where

当if标签较多时,这样的组合可能会导致错误。例如,like姓名,等于指定性别等:
Xml代码 复制代码 收藏代码

    <!-- 查询学生list,like姓名,=性别 --> 
    <select id="getStudentListWhere" parameterType="StudentEntity" resultMap="studentResultMap"> 
        SELECT * from STUDENT_TBL ST  
            WHERE  
            <if test="studentName!=null and studentName!='' "> 
                ST.STUDENT_NAME LIKE CONCAT(CONCAT('%', #{studentName}),'%')  
            </if> 
            <if test="studentSex!= null and studentSex!= '' "> 
                AND ST.STUDENT_SEX = #{studentSex}  
            </if> 
    </select> 

[xml] view plaincopy

    <!-- 查询学生list,like姓名,=性别 --> 
    <select id="getStudentListWhere" parameterType="StudentEntity" resultMap="studentResultMap"> 
        SELECT * from STUDENT_TBL ST 
            WHERE 
            <if test="studentName!=null and studentName!='' "> 
                ST.STUDENT_NAME LIKE CONCAT(CONCAT('%', #{studentName}),'%') 
            </if> 
            <if test="studentSex!= null and studentSex!= '' "> 
                AND ST.STUDENT_SEX = #{studentSex} 
            </if> 
    </select> 





如果上面例子,参数studentName为null或’’,则或导致此sql组合成“WHERE AND”之类的关键字多余的错误SQL。
这时我们可以使用where动态语句来解决。这个“where”标签会知道如果它包含的标签中有返回值的话,它就插入一个‘where’。此外,如果标签返回的内容是以AND 或OR 开头的,则它会剔除掉。
上面例子修改为:
Xml代码 复制代码 收藏代码

    <!-- 查询学生list,like姓名,=性别 --> 
    <select id="getStudentListWhere" parameterType="StudentEntity" resultMap="studentResultMap"> 
        SELECT * from STUDENT_TBL ST  
        <where> 
            <if test="studentName!=null and studentName!='' "> 
                ST.STUDENT_NAME LIKE CONCAT(CONCAT('%', #{studentName}),'%')  
            </if> 
            <if test="studentSex!= null and studentSex!= '' "> 
                AND ST.STUDENT_SEX = #{studentSex}  
            </if> 
        </where> 
    </select> 

[xml] view plaincopy

    <!-- 查询学生list,like姓名,=性别 --> 
    <select id="getStudentListWhere" parameterType="StudentEntity" resultMap="studentResultMap"> 
        SELECT * from STUDENT_TBL ST 
        <where> 
            <if test="studentName!=null and studentName!='' "> 
                ST.STUDENT_NAME LIKE CONCAT(CONCAT('%', #{studentName}),'%') 
            </if> 
            <if test="studentSex!= null and studentSex!= '' "> 
                AND ST.STUDENT_SEX = #{studentSex} 
            </if> 
        </where> 
    </select> 







3.2.2 set

当在update语句中使用if标签时,如果前面的if没有执行,则或导致逗号多余错误。使用set标签可以将动态的配置SET 关键字,和剔除追加到条件末尾的任何不相关的逗号。
没有使用if标签时,如果有一个参数为null,都会导致错误,如下示例:
Xml代码 复制代码 收藏代码

    <!-- 更新学生信息 --> 
    <update id="updateStudent" parameterType="StudentEntity"> 
        UPDATE STUDENT_TBL  
           SET STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_NAME = #{studentName},  
               STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_SEX = #{studentSex},  
               STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_BIRTHDAY = #{studentBirthday},  
               STUDENT_TBL.CLASS_ID = #{classEntity.classID}  
         WHERE STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_ID = #{studentID};  
    </update> 

[xml] view plaincopy

    <!-- 更新学生信息 --> 
    <update id="updateStudent" parameterType="StudentEntity"> 
        UPDATE STUDENT_TBL 
           SET STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_NAME = #{studentName}, 
               STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_SEX = #{studentSex}, 
               STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_BIRTHDAY = #{studentBirthday}, 
               STUDENT_TBL.CLASS_ID = #{classEntity.classID} 
         WHERE STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_ID = #{studentID}; 
    </update> 




使用set+if标签修改后,如果某项为null则不进行更新,而是保持数据库原值。如下示例:
Xml代码 复制代码 收藏代码

    <!-- 更新学生信息 --> 
    <update id="updateStudent" parameterType="StudentEntity"> 
        UPDATE STUDENT_TBL  
        <set> 
            <if test="studentName!=null and studentName!='' "> 
                STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_NAME = #{studentName},  
            </if> 
            <if test="studentSex!=null and studentSex!='' "> 
                STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_SEX = #{studentSex},  
            </if> 
            <if test="studentBirthday!=null "> 
                STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_BIRTHDAY = #{studentBirthday},  
            </if> 
            <if test="classEntity!=null and classEntity.classID!=null and classEntity.classID!='' "> 
                STUDENT_TBL.CLASS_ID = #{classEntity.classID}  
            </if> 
        </set> 
        WHERE STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_ID = #{studentID};  
    </update> 

[xml] view plaincopy

    <!-- 更新学生信息 --> 
    <update id="updateStudent" parameterType="StudentEntity"> 
        UPDATE STUDENT_TBL 
        <set> 
            <if test="studentName!=null and studentName!='' "> 
                STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_NAME = #{studentName}, 
            </if> 
            <if test="studentSex!=null and studentSex!='' "> 
                STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_SEX = #{studentSex}, 
            </if> 
            <if test="studentBirthday!=null "> 
                STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_BIRTHDAY = #{studentBirthday}, 
            </if> 
            <if test="classEntity!=null and classEntity.classID!=null and classEntity.classID!='' "> 
                STUDENT_TBL.CLASS_ID = #{classEntity.classID} 
            </if> 
        </set> 
        WHERE STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_ID = #{studentID}; 
    </update> 






3.2.3 trim

trim是更灵活的去处多余关键字的标签,他可以实践where和set的效果。


where例子的等效trim语句:
Xml代码 复制代码 收藏代码

    <!-- 查询学生list,like姓名,=性别 --> 
    <select id="getStudentListWhere" parameterType="StudentEntity" resultMap="studentResultMap"> 
        SELECT * from STUDENT_TBL ST  
        <trim prefix="WHERE" prefixOverrides="AND|OR"> 
            <if test="studentName!=null and studentName!='' "> 
                ST.STUDENT_NAME LIKE CONCAT(CONCAT('%', #{studentName}),'%')  
            </if> 
            <if test="studentSex!= null and studentSex!= '' "> 
                AND ST.STUDENT_SEX = #{studentSex}  
            </if> 
        </trim> 
    </select> 

[xml] view plaincopy

    <!-- 查询学生list,like姓名,=性别 --> 
    <select id="getStudentListWhere" parameterType="StudentEntity" resultMap="studentResultMap"> 
        SELECT * from STUDENT_TBL ST 
        <trim prefix="WHERE" prefixOverrides="AND|OR"> 
            <if test="studentName!=null and studentName!='' "> 
                ST.STUDENT_NAME LIKE CONCAT(CONCAT('%', #{studentName}),'%') 
            </if> 
            <if test="studentSex!= null and studentSex!= '' "> 
                AND ST.STUDENT_SEX = #{studentSex} 
            </if> 
        </trim> 
    </select> 





set例子的等效trim语句:
Xml代码 复制代码 收藏代码

    <!-- 更新学生信息 --> 
    <update id="updateStudent" parameterType="StudentEntity"> 
        UPDATE STUDENT_TBL  
        <trim prefix="SET" suffixOverrides=","> 
            <if test="studentName!=null and studentName!='' "> 
                STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_NAME = #{studentName},  
            </if> 
            <if test="studentSex!=null and studentSex!='' "> 
                STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_SEX = #{studentSex},  
            </if> 
            <if test="studentBirthday!=null "> 
                STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_BIRTHDAY = #{studentBirthday},  
            </if> 
            <if test="classEntity!=null and classEntity.classID!=null and classEntity.classID!='' "> 
                STUDENT_TBL.CLASS_ID = #{classEntity.classID}  
            </if> 
        </trim> 
        WHERE STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_ID = #{studentID};  
    </update> 

[xml] view plaincopy

    <!-- 更新学生信息 --> 
    <update id="updateStudent" parameterType="StudentEntity"> 
        UPDATE STUDENT_TBL 
        <trim prefix="SET" suffixOverrides=","> 
            <if test="studentName!=null and studentName!='' "> 
                STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_NAME = #{studentName}, 
            </if> 
            <if test="studentSex!=null and studentSex!='' "> 
                STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_SEX = #{studentSex}, 
            </if> 
            <if test="studentBirthday!=null "> 
                STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_BIRTHDAY = #{studentBirthday}, 
            </if> 
            <if test="classEntity!=null and classEntity.classID!=null and classEntity.classID!='' "> 
                STUDENT_TBL.CLASS_ID = #{classEntity.classID} 
            </if> 
        </trim> 
        WHERE STUDENT_TBL.STUDENT_ID = #{studentID}; 
    </update> 





3.3 choose (when, otherwise)

         有时候我们并不想应用所有的条件,而只是想从多个选项中选择一个。MyBatis提供了choose 元素,按顺序判断when中的条件出否成立,如果有一个成立,则choose结束。当choose中所有when的条件都不满则时,则执行otherwise中的sql。类似于Java 的switch 语句,choose为switch,when为case,otherwise则为default。
         if是与(and)的关系,而choose是或(or)的关系。


         例如下面例子,同样把所有可以限制的条件都写上,方面使用。选择条件顺序,when标签的从上到下的书写顺序:
Xml代码 复制代码 收藏代码

    <!-- 查询学生list,like姓名、或=性别、或=生日、或=班级,使用choose --> 
    <select id="getStudentListChooseEntity" parameterType="StudentEntity" resultMap="studentResultMap"> 
        SELECT * from STUDENT_TBL ST  
        <where> 
            <choose> 
                <when test="studentName!=null and studentName!='' "> 
                        ST.STUDENT_NAME LIKE CONCAT(CONCAT('%', #{studentName}),'%')  
                </when> 
                <when test="studentSex!= null and studentSex!= '' "> 
                        AND ST.STUDENT_SEX = #{studentSex}  
                </when> 
                <when test="studentBirthday!=null"> 
                    AND ST.STUDENT_BIRTHDAY = #{studentBirthday}  
                </when> 
                <when test="classEntity!=null and classEntity.classID !=null and classEntity.classID!='' "> 
                    AND ST.CLASS_ID = #{classEntity.classID}  
                </when> 
                <otherwise> 
                      
                </otherwise> 
            </choose> 
        </where> 
    </select> 

[xml] view plaincopy

    <!-- 查询学生list,like姓名、或=性别、或=生日、或=班级,使用choose --> 
    <select id="getStudentListChooseEntity" parameterType="StudentEntity" resultMap="studentResultMap"> 
        SELECT * from STUDENT_TBL ST 
        <where> 
            <choose> 
                <when test="studentName!=null and studentName!='' "> 
                        ST.STUDENT_NAME LIKE CONCAT(CONCAT('%', #{studentName}),'%') 
                </when> 
                <when test="studentSex!= null and studentSex!= '' "> 
                        AND ST.STUDENT_SEX = #{studentSex} 
                </when> 
                <when test="studentBirthday!=null"> 
                    AND ST.STUDENT_BIRTHDAY = #{studentBirthday} 
                </when> 
                <when test="classEntity!=null and classEntity.classID !=null and classEntity.classID!='' "> 
                    AND ST.CLASS_ID = #{classEntity.classID} 
                </when> 
                <otherwise> 
                     
                </otherwise> 
            </choose> 
        </where> 
    </select> 








3.4 foreach

对于动态SQL 非常必须的,主是要迭代一个集合,通常是用于IN 条件。
List 实例将使用“list”做为键,数组实例以“array” 做为键。


3.4.1参数为list实例的写法:

SQL写法:
Xml代码 复制代码 收藏代码

    <select id="getStudentListByClassIDs" resultMap="studentResultMap"> 
        SELECT * FROM STUDENT_TBL ST  
         WHERE ST.CLASS_ID IN   
         <foreach collection="list" item="classList"  open="(" separator="," close=")"> 
            #{classList}  
         </foreach>     
    </select> 

[xml] view plaincopy

    <select id="getStudentListByClassIDs" resultMap="studentResultMap"> 
        SELECT * FROM STUDENT_TBL ST 
         WHERE ST.CLASS_ID IN  
         <foreach collection="list" item="classList"  open="(" separator="," close=")"> 
            #{classList} 
         </foreach>    
    </select> 





接口的方法声明:
Java代码 复制代码 收藏代码

    public List<StudentEntity> getStudentListByClassIDs(List<String> classList); 

[java] view plaincopy

    public List<StudentEntity> getStudentListByClassIDs(List<String> classList); 



测试代码,查询学生中,在20000002、20000003这两个班级的学生:
Java代码 复制代码 收藏代码

    List<String> classList = new ArrayList<String>();  
    classList.add("20000002");  
    classList.add("20000003");  
     
    List<StudentEntity> studentList = studentMapper.getStudentListByClassIDs(classList);  
    for( StudentEntity entityTemp : studentList){  
        System.out.println(entityTemp.toString());  
    } 

[java] view plaincopy

    List<String> classList = new ArrayList<String>(); 
    classList.add("20000002"); 
    classList.add("20000003"); 
     
    List<StudentEntity> studentList = studentMapper.getStudentListByClassIDs(classList); 
    for( StudentEntity entityTemp : studentList){ 
        System.out.println(entityTemp.toString()); 
    } 





3.4.2参数为Array实例的写法:



SQL语句:
Xml代码 复制代码 收藏代码

    <select id="getStudentListByClassIDs" resultMap="studentResultMap"> 
        SELECT * FROM STUDENT_TBL ST  
         WHERE ST.CLASS_ID IN   
         <foreach collection="array" item="ids"  open="(" separator="," close=")"> 
            #{ids}  
         </foreach> 
    </select> 

[xml] view plaincopy

    <select id="getStudentListByClassIDs" resultMap="studentResultMap"> 
        SELECT * FROM STUDENT_TBL ST 
         WHERE ST.CLASS_ID IN  
         <foreach collection="array" item="ids"  open="(" separator="," close=")"> 
            #{ids} 
         </foreach> 
    </select> 




接口的方法声明:
Java代码 复制代码 收藏代码

    public List<StudentEntity> getStudentListByClassIDs(String[] ids); 

[java] view plaincopy

    public List<StudentEntity> getStudentListByClassIDs(String[] ids); 





测试代码,查询学生中,在20000002、20000003这两个班级的学生:
Java代码 复制代码 收藏代码

    String[] ids = new String[2];  
    ids[0] = "20000002";  
    ids[1] = "20000003";  
    List<StudentEntity> studentList = studentMapper.getStudentListByClassIDs(ids);  
    for( StudentEntity entityTemp : studentList){  
        System.out.println(entityTemp.toString());  
    } 

[java] view plaincopy

    String[] ids = new String[2]; 
    ids[0] = "20000002"; 
    ids[1] = "20000003"; 
    List<StudentEntity> studentList = studentMapper.getStudentListByClassIDs(ids); 
    for( StudentEntity entityTemp : studentList){ 
        System.out.println(entityTemp.toString()); 
    } 

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