Quartz在Spring中动态设置cronExpression (spring设置动态定时任务)

转载 http://hi.baidu.com/vip099/blog/item/51bbb03d555f5702bba16766.html
什么是动态定时任务:是由客户制定生成的,服务端只知道该去执行什么任务,但任务的定时是不确定的(是由客户制定)。这样总不能修改配置文件每定制个定时任务就增加一个trigger吧,即便允许客户修改配置文件,但总需要重新启动web服务啊,研究了下Quartz在Spring中的动态定时,发现:
Xml代码
<bean id="cronTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean" > 
          <property name="jobDetail" ref="schedulerJobDetail"/> 
          <property name="cronExpression"> 
              <value>0/10 * * * * ?</value> 
          </property> 

<bean id="cronTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean" >
          <property name="jobDetail" ref="schedulerJobDetail"/>
          <property name="cronExpression">
              <value>0/10 * * * * ?</value>
          </property>

中cronExpression是关键,如果可以动态设置cronExpression的值,也就说如果我们可以直接调用CronTriggerBean中设置cronExpression的方法,就可以顺利解决问题了。

熟悉1的朋友可以跳过不看,下面2、3是动态定时任务的具体实现。1. Quartz在Spring中的简单配置Spring配置文件:
Xml代码
<bean id="schedulerJobDetail" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean"> 
         <property name="targetObject" ref="scheduleInfoAction"/> 
         <property name="targetMethod" value="simpleJobTest"/> 
         <property name="concurrent" value="false"/> 
     </bean> 
     <bean id="cronTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean" > 
          <property name="jobDetail" ref="schedulerJobDetail"/> 
          <property name="cronExpression"> 
              <value>0/10 * * * * ?</value> 
          </property> 
      </bean> 
     <bean id="schedulerFactory" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean"> 
         <property name="triggers"> 
             <list> 
                 <ref local="cronTrigger"/> 
             </list> 
         </property> 
</bean> 

<bean id="schedulerJobDetail" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
         <property name="targetObject" ref="scheduleInfoAction"/>
         <property name="targetMethod" value="simpleJobTest"/>
         <property name="concurrent" value="false"/>
     </bean>
     <bean id="cronTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean" >
          <property name="jobDetail" ref="schedulerJobDetail"/>
          <property name="cronExpression">
              <value>0/10 * * * * ?</value>
          </property>
      </bean>
     <bean id="schedulerFactory" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
         <property name="triggers">
             <list>
                 <ref local="cronTrigger"/>
             </list>
         </property>
</bean>

在上面的配置中设定了① targetMethod: 指定需要定时执行scheduleInfoAction中的simpleJobTest()方法② concurrent:对于相同的JobDetail,当指定多个Trigger时, 很可能第一个job完成之前,第二个job就开始了。指定concurrent设为false,多个job不会并发运行,第二个job将不会在第一个job完成之前开始。③ cronExpression:0/10 * * * * ?表示每10秒执行一次,具体可参考附表。④ triggers:通过再添加其他的ref元素可在list中放置多个触发器。scheduleInfoAction中的simpleJobTest()方法注意:此方法没有参数,如果scheduleInfoAction有两个方法simpleJobTest()和simpleJobTest(String argument),则spring只会去执行无参的simpleJobTest().public void simpleJobTest() {          log.warn("uh oh, Job is scheduled !'" + "' Success...");     }2.Quartz在Spring中动态设置cronTrigger方法一Spring配置文件:
Xml代码
<bean id="scheduleInfoAction" class="com.lively.happyoa.jobs.webapp.action.ScheduleInfoAction"> 
         <property name="scheduler" ref="schedulerFactory"/> 
         <property name="scheduleInfoManager" ref="scheduleInfoManager"/> 
     </bean> 
     <bean id="schedulerJobDetail" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean"> 
         <property name="targetObject" ref="scheduleInfoAction"/> 
         <property name="targetMethod" value="reScheduleJob"/> 
         <property name="concurrent" value="false"/> 
     </bean> 
     <bean id="cronTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean" > 
          <property name="jobDetail" ref="schedulerJobDetail"/> 
          <property name="cronExpression"> 
              <value>0/10 * * * * ?</value> 
          </property> 
      </bean> 
     <bean id="schedulerFactory" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean"> 
         <property name="triggers"> 
             <list> 
                 <ref local="cronTrigger"/> 
             </list> 
         </property> 
</bean> 

<bean id="scheduleInfoAction" class="com.lively.happyoa.jobs.webapp.action.ScheduleInfoAction">
         <property name="scheduler" ref="schedulerFactory"/>
         <property name="scheduleInfoManager" ref="scheduleInfoManager"/>
     </bean>
     <bean id="schedulerJobDetail" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
         <property name="targetObject" ref="scheduleInfoAction"/>
         <property name="targetMethod" value="reScheduleJob"/>
         <property name="concurrent" value="false"/>
     </bean>
     <bean id="cronTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean" >
          <property name="jobDetail" ref="schedulerJobDetail"/>
          <property name="cronExpression">
              <value>0/10 * * * * ?</value>
          </property>
      </bean>
     <bean id="schedulerFactory" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
         <property name="triggers">
             <list>
                 <ref local="cronTrigger"/>
             </list>
         </property>
</bean>

scheduleInfoAction中的reScheduleJob ()方法及相关方法① reScheduleJob读取数据库,获得自定义定时器调度时间():
Java代码
private void reScheduleJob() throws SchedulerException, ParseException {  
         // 运行时可通过动态注入的scheduler得到trigger  
         CronTriggerBean trigger = (CronTriggerBean) scheduler.getTrigger(                "cronTrigger", Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP);  
         String dbCronExpression = getCronExpressionFromDB();  
         String originConExpression = trigger.getCronExpression();  
     // 判断从DB中取得的任务时间(dbCronExpression)和现在的quartz线程中的任务时间(originConExpression)是否相等  
     // 如果相等,则表示用户并没有重新设定数据库中的任务时间,这种情况不需要重新rescheduleJob  
         if(!originConExpression.equalsIgnoreCase(dbCronExpression)){  
             trigger.setCronExpression(dbCronExpression);  
             scheduler.rescheduleJob("cronTrigger", Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP, trigger);  
         }  
     // 下面是具体的job内容,可自行设置  
     // executeJobDetail();} 

private void reScheduleJob() throws SchedulerException, ParseException {
         // 运行时可通过动态注入的scheduler得到trigger
         CronTriggerBean trigger = (CronTriggerBean) scheduler.getTrigger(                "cronTrigger", Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP);
         String dbCronExpression = getCronExpressionFromDB();
         String originConExpression = trigger.getCronExpression();
     // 判断从DB中取得的任务时间(dbCronExpression)和现在的quartz线程中的任务时间(originConExpression)是否相等
     // 如果相等,则表示用户并没有重新设定数据库中的任务时间,这种情况不需要重新rescheduleJob
         if(!originConExpression.equalsIgnoreCase(dbCronExpression)){
             trigger.setCronExpression(dbCronExpression);
             scheduler.rescheduleJob("cronTrigger", Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP, trigger);
         }
     // 下面是具体的job内容,可自行设置
     // executeJobDetail();}

② getCronExpressionFromDB():从数据库中获得dbCronExpression的具体代码,由于使用了scheduleInfoManager,所以要在定义相应的setter方法:
Java代码
private String getCronExpressionFromDB(){  
         String sql="from ScheduleInfo scheduleInfo where 1=1 ";  
         sql=sql+" and scheduleInfo.infoId = '"+"1" + "'";  
         List scheduleList = scheduleInfoManager.queryScheduleInListBySql(sql);  
         ScheduleInfo scheduleInfo = (ScheduleInfo)scheduleList.get(0);  
         String dbCronExpression = scheduleInfo.getCronExpression();  
         return dbCronExpression;  


private String getCronExpressionFromDB(){
         String sql="from ScheduleInfo scheduleInfo where 1=1 ";
         sql=sql+" and scheduleInfo.infoId = '"+"1" + "'";
         List scheduleList = scheduleInfoManager.queryScheduleInListBySql(sql);
         ScheduleInfo scheduleInfo = (ScheduleInfo)scheduleList.get(0);
         String dbCronExpression = scheduleInfo.getCronExpression();
         return dbCronExpression;
}

③ 在spring配置文件的scheduleInfoAction配置了相应的property(scheduler/ scheduleInfoManager),要为其设置setter方法:
Java代码
private Scheduler scheduler;  
     // 设值注入,通过setter方法传入被调用者的实例scheduler  
     public void setScheduler(Scheduler scheduler) {  
         this.scheduler = scheduler;  
    }  
     private ScheduleInfoManager scheduleInfoManager;  
     // 设值注入,通过setter方法传入被调用者的实例scheduleInfoManager  
     public void setScheduleInfoManager(ScheduleInfoManager scheduleInfoManager){  
         this.scheduleInfoManager = scheduleInfoManager;  
     } 

private Scheduler scheduler;
     // 设值注入,通过setter方法传入被调用者的实例scheduler
     public void setScheduler(Scheduler scheduler) {
         this.scheduler = scheduler;
    }
     private ScheduleInfoManager scheduleInfoManager;
     // 设值注入,通过setter方法传入被调用者的实例scheduleInfoManager
     public void setScheduleInfoManager(ScheduleInfoManager scheduleInfoManager){
         this.scheduleInfoManager = scheduleInfoManager;
     }

Quartz在Spring中动态设置cronTrigger方法二在上面的2中我们可以看到,尽管已经可以动态进行rescheduleJob了,不过依然需要我们设置一个cronExpression,如果尝试一下拿掉spring配置中的        
<property name="cronExpression">
              <value>0/10 * * * * ?</value>
</property>
则容器(如tomcat)启动时会报错。实际中我们希望tomcat启动时就可以直接去读数据库,拿到相应的dbCronExpression,然后定时执行一个job,而不希望配置初始的cronExpression ,观察下面的CronTriggerBean,考虑到cronExpression需要初始化,如果设定一个类InitializingCronTrigger继承CronTriggerBean,然后在这个类中做一些读取DB的初始化工作(设置cronExpression),问题就可以解决了。Spring配置文件:
Xml代码
<bean id="scheduleInfoAction" class="com.lively.happyoa.jobs.webapp.action.ScheduleInfoAction">         <property name="scheduler" ref="schedulerFactory"/> 
         <property name="scheduleInfoManager" ref="scheduleInfoManager"/> 
     </bean> 
     <bean id="schedulerJobDetail" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean"> 
         <property name="targetObject" ref="scheduleInfoAction"/> 
         <property name="targetMethod" value="reScheduleJob"/> 
         <property name="concurrent" value="false"/> 
     </bean> 
    <bean id="cronTrigger" class="com.lively.happyoa.jobs.webapp.action.ScheduleInfoAction.InitializingCronTrigger"> 
          <property name="jobDetail" ref="schedulerJobDetail"/> 
         <!--<property name="cronExpression"> 
              <value>0/10 * * * * ?</value> 
          </property>--> 
         <property name="scheduleInfoManager" ref="scheduleInfoManager"/> 
      </bean> 
     <bean id="schedulerFactory" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean"> 
         <property name="triggers"> 
             <list> 
                 <ref local="cronTrigger"/> 
             </list> 
         </property> 
</bean> 

<bean id="scheduleInfoAction" class="com.lively.happyoa.jobs.webapp.action.ScheduleInfoAction">         <property name="scheduler" ref="schedulerFactory"/>
         <property name="scheduleInfoManager" ref="scheduleInfoManager"/>
     </bean>
     <bean id="schedulerJobDetail" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
         <property name="targetObject" ref="scheduleInfoAction"/>
         <property name="targetMethod" value="reScheduleJob"/>
         <property name="concurrent" value="false"/>
     </bean>
    <bean id="cronTrigger" class="com.lively.happyoa.jobs.webapp.action.ScheduleInfoAction.InitializingCronTrigger">
          <property name="jobDetail" ref="schedulerJobDetail"/>
         <!--<property name="cronExpression">
              <value>0/10 * * * * ?</value>
          </property>-->
         <property name="scheduleInfoManager" ref="scheduleInfoManager"/>
      </bean>
     <bean id="schedulerFactory" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
         <property name="triggers">
             <list>
                 <ref local="cronTrigger"/>
             </list>
         </property>
</bean>

InitializingCronTrigger中的相关方法注意:在注入scheduleInfoManager属性的时候,我们可以去读取DB任务时间(之所以放在setter方法中,是因为需要在设置scheduleInfoManager后进行getCronExpressionFromDB(),否则,也可以①②逻辑把放在类的构造函数中).注意InitializingCronTrigger必须extends CronTriggerBean.
Java代码
public class InitializingCronTrigger extends CronTriggerBean implements Serializable {  
     private ScheduleInfoManager scheduleInfoManager;  
     // 设值注入,通过setter方法传入被调用者的实例scheduleInfoManager  
     public void setScheduleInfoManager(ScheduleInfoManager scheduleInfoManager){  
         this.scheduleInfoManager = scheduleInfoManager;  
         // 因为在getCronExpressionFromDB使用到了scheduleInfoManager,所以  
         // 必须上一行代码设置scheduleInfoManager后进行  
getCronExpressionFromDB  
         String cronExpression = getCronExpressionFromDB ();  
    // ①  
         // 因为extends CronTriggerBean ,此处调用父类方法初始化cronExpression  
        setCronExpression(cronExpression);  
                     // ②}  
     private String getCronExpressionFromDB(){  
         String sql="from ScheduleInfo scheduleInfo where  
1=1 ";  
         sql=sql+" and scheduleInfo.infoId = '"+"1" + "'";  
         List scheduleList = scheduleInfoManager.queryScheduleInListBySql(sql);  
         ScheduleInfo scheduleInfo = (ScheduleInfo)scheduleList.get(0);  
         String dbCronExpression = scheduleInfo.getCronExpression();  
         return dbCronExpression;}……} 

public class InitializingCronTrigger extends CronTriggerBean implements Serializable {
     private ScheduleInfoManager scheduleInfoManager;
     // 设值注入,通过setter方法传入被调用者的实例scheduleInfoManager
     public void setScheduleInfoManager(ScheduleInfoManager scheduleInfoManager){
         this.scheduleInfoManager = scheduleInfoManager;
         // 因为在getCronExpressionFromDB使用到了scheduleInfoManager,所以
         // 必须上一行代码设置scheduleInfoManager后进行
getCronExpressionFromDB
         String cronExpression = getCronExpressionFromDB ();
    // ①
         // 因为extends CronTriggerBean ,此处调用父类方法初始化cronExpression
        setCronExpression(cronExpression);
                     // ②}
     private String getCronExpressionFromDB(){
         String sql="from ScheduleInfo scheduleInfo where
1=1 ";
         sql=sql+" and scheduleInfo.infoId = '"+"1" + "'";
         List scheduleList = scheduleInfoManager.queryScheduleInListBySql(sql);
         ScheduleInfo scheduleInfo = (ScheduleInfo)scheduleList.get(0);
         String dbCronExpression = scheduleInfo.getCronExpression();
         return dbCronExpression;}……}

附表:"0 0 12 * * ?" 每天中午12点触发
"0 15 10 ? * *" 每天上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 * * ?" 每天上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 * * ? *" 每天上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 * * ? 2005" 2005年的每天上午10:15触发
"0 * 14 * * ?" 在每天下午2点到下午2:59期间的每1分钟触发
"0 0/5 14 * * ?" 在每天下午2点到下午2:55期间的每5分钟触发
"0 0/5 14,18 * * ?" 在每天下午2点到2:55期间和下午6点到6:55期间的每5分钟触发
"0 0-5 14 * * ?" 在每天下午2点到下午2:05期间的每1分钟触发
"0 10,44 14 ? 3 WED" 每年三月的星期三的下午2:10和2:44触发
"0 15 10 ? * MON-FRI" 周一至周五的上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 15 * ?" 每月15日上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 L * ?" 每月最后一日的上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 ? * 6L" 每月的最后一个星期五上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 ? * 6L 2002-2005" 2002年至2005年的每月的最后一个星期五上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 ? * 6#3" 每月的第三个星期五上午10:15触发

至于每个符号 看看例子就好了.很简单了.

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