Gamma in Direct3D 9
最近将一张RT通过Gfx渲染时除了问题，
本身渲RT时由于需要背景透明剔除，
就用了许多hack，一来二去就糊了，
还好几个师傅给力，查出了是Gamma矫正起的恶果，
解决方法很简单：
关掉~
顺手Mark下DX9中的sRGB Texture的Gamma相关资料：
Texture content is often stored in sRGB format. Traditionally, pixel pipelines assumed the colors to be linear so blending operations were performed in linear space. However, since sRGB content is gamma corrected, blending operations in linear space will produce incorrect results. Video cards can now fix this problem by undoing the gamma correction when they read any sRGB content, and convert pixel data back to the sRGB format when writing out pixels. In this case, all operations inside the pixel pipeline are performed in the linear space.
Gamma Correction
Direct3D 9 can:
- Indicate whether a texture is gamma 2.2 corrected or not (sRGB or not). The driver will either convert to a linear gamma for blending operations at SetTexture time, or the sampler will convert it to linear data at lookup time.
- Indicate whether the pixel pipeline should gamma correct back to sRGB space when writing out to the render target.
All other colors (clear color, material color, vertex color, etc.) are assumed to be in linear space. Applications can gamma-correct the colors written into the frame buffer using pixel shader instructions. The linearization should be applied only to the RGB channels and not to the alpha channel.
Not all surface formats can be linearized. Only the formats that pass CheckDeviceFormat with D3DUSAGE_QUERY_SRGBREAD can be linearized. The sampler state D3DSAMP_SRGBTEXTURE is ignored for the rest. Only unsigned texture formats are expected to support this conversion. Unsigned texture formats include only R, G, B, and L components. If the alpha channel is present, it is ignored. If mixed formats support sRGB linearization, only the unsigned channels are affected. Ideally, hardware should perform the linearization before filtering but in Direct3D 9, hardware is allowed to perform the linearization after filtering.
Not all surface formats can be written in sRGB space. Only the formats that pass the CheckDeviceFormat with the usage flag D3DUSAGE_QUERY_SRGBWRITE can be linearized. The render state D3DRS_SRGBWRITEENABLE is ignored for the rest. Eight bits per channel RGB unsigned formats are expected to expose this ability.
Ideally, hardware should perform the frame buffer blending operations in the linear space, but hardware is allowed to perform it after the pixel shader but before the frame buffer blender. This means that the frame buffer blending operations that take place in sRGB space will produce incorrect results. D3DRS_SRGBWRITEENABLE is honored while performing a clear of the render target. For hardware that supports Multiple Render Targets (Direct3D 9) or Multiple-element Textures (Direct3D 9), only the first render target or element is written.
API Changes
// New sampler state (DWORD) // If this is nonzero, the texture is linearized on lookup. D3DSAMP_SRGBTEXTURE // Default FALSE // New render state (DWORD) D3DRS_SRGBWRITEENABLE // Default FALSE // New usage flags D3DUSAGE_QUERY_SRGBWRITE D3DUSAGE_QUERY_SRGBREAD
Windowed Swap Chains
It is valuable for applications to keep the back buffers of their swap chains in linear space in order to enable correct blending operations. Since the desktop is typically not in linear space, a gamma correction is required before the contents of the back buffer can be presented. The application can effect this correction itself by allocating an additional buffer and performing its own correcting copy from the linear buffer to the back buffer. This necessitates an extra copy which can be avoided if the driver performs gamma correction as part of the presentation blit.
In Direct3D 9 a new flag, D3DPRESENT_LINEAR_CONTENT, is available for Present that allows the presentation to implicitly convert from linear space to sRGB/gamma 2.2. Applications should specify this flag if the backbuffer format is 16-bit floating point in order to match windowed mode present to full screen gamma behavior, provided D3DCAPS3_LINEAR_TO_SRGB_PRESENTATION is returned for device capabilities retrieved through GetDeviceCaps.