使用UTL_SMTP包发送邮件

使用UTL_SMTP包发送邮件

使用UTL_SMTP包发送邮件

 

 

    最近想在Oracle中设置一个触发器，每天执行数据检测脚本之后，如果发现错误数据就自动发送邮件到我邮箱里，于是研究了一下在Oracle中发送邮件的方法。据说10g里可以使用UTL_MAIL包来简单得发送邮件了，但是觉得通用性不高，万一哪天换成9i了就要重写，于是还是决定用UTL_SMTP包来做。

 

    先简单看一下官方文档上的例子。其实很简单：

 

------------------------------------------

The following example illustrates how UTL_SMTP is used by an application to send e-mail. The application connects to an SMTP server at port 25 and sends a simple text message.

DECLARE
c UTL_SMTP.CONNECTION;
PROCEDURE send_header(name IN VARCHAR2, header IN VARCHAR2) AS
BEGIN
UTL_SMTP.WRITE_DATA(c, name || ': ' || header || UTL_TCP.CRLF);
END;
BEGIN
c := UTL_SMTP.OPEN_CONNECTION('smtp-server.acme.com');
UTL_SMTP.HELO(c, 'foo.com');
UTL_SMTP.MAIL(c, '[email protected]');
UTL_SMTP.RCPT(c, '[email protected]');
UTL_SMTP.OPEN_DATA(c);
send_header('From', '"Sender" <[email protected]>');
send_header('To', '"Recipient" <[email protected]>');
send_header('Subject', 'Hello');
UTL_SMTP.WRITE_DATA(c, UTL_TCP.CRLF || 'Hello, world!');
UTL_SMTP.CLOSE_DATA(c);
UTL_SMTP.QUIT(c);
EXCEPTION
WHEN utl_smtp.transient_error OR utl_smtp.permanent_error THEN
BEGIN
UTL_SMTP.QUIT(c);
EXCEPTION
WHEN UTL_SMTP.TRANSIENT_ERROR OR UTL_SMTP.PERMANENT_ERROR THEN
NULL;

-- When the SMTP server is down or unavailable, we don't have
-- a connection to the server. The QUIT call will raise an
-- exception that we can ignore.
END;
raise_application_error(-20000,

'Failed to send mail due to the following error: ' || sqlerrm);
END;

------------------------------------------

 

 

    需要说明一下的是：必须要按照这个例子里的顺序依次执行包中的各个方法。另外注意用UTL_TCP.CRLF来作为换行符。理由如下：

 

------------------------------------------

The calls to OPEN_DATA, WRITE_DATA, WRITE_RAW_DATA and CLOSE_DATA must be made in the right order. A program calls OPEN_DATA to send the DATA command to
the SMTP server. After that, it can call WRITE_DATA or WRITE_RAW_DATA repeatedly to send the actual data. The data is terminated by calling CLOSE_DATA. After OPEN_DATA is called, the only subprograms that can be called are WRITE_DATA, WRITE_RAW_DATA, or CLOSE_DATA. A call to other APIs will result in an INVALID_OPERATION exception being raised.

 

The application must ensure that the contents of the body parameter conform to the MIME(RFC822) specification. The DATA routine will terminate the message with a <CR><LF>.<CR><LF> sequence (a single period at the beginning of a line), as required by RFC821. It will also translate any sequence of <CR><LF>.<CR><LF> (single period) in the body to <CR><LF>..<CR><LF> (double period). This
conversion provides the transparency as described in Section 4.5.2 of RFC821.

Notice that this conversion is not bullet-proof. Consider this code fragment:
UTL_SMTP.WRITE_DATA('some message.' || chr(13) || chr(10));
UTL_SMTP.WRITE_DATA('.' || chr(13) || chr(10));

Since the sequence <CR><LF>.<CR><LF> is split between two calls to WRITE_DATA,the implementation of WRITE_DATA will not detect the presence of the data-terminator  sequence, and therefore, will not perform the translation. It will be the responsibility of the user to handle such a situation, or it may result in premature termination of the message data.

WRITE_DATA should be called only after OPEN_CONNECTION, HELO or EHLO, MAIL, and RCPT have been called. The connection to the SMTP server must be open and a mail transaction must be active when this routine is called.

Note that there is no function form of WRITE_DATA because the SMTP server does not respond until the data-terminator is sent during the call to CLOSE_DATA.

 

Text (VARCHAR2) data sent using WRITE_DATA is converted to US7ASCII before it is sent. If the text contains multibyte characters, each multibyte character in the text that cannot be converted to US7ASCII is replaced by a '?' character. If 8BITMIME extension is negotiated with the SMTP server using the EHLO subprogram, multibyte VARCHAR2 data can be sent by first converting the text to RAW using the UTL_RAW package, and then sending the RAW data using WRITE_RAW_DATA.

------------------------------------------

 

 

 

    别的也没有什么可说的了，自己随手写了一个，因为是单位的邮箱，也不需要验证身份，而且只是发给自己就可以了。贴一下，很简陋不过够用了：

 

create or replace procedure P_Mail(sender    in varchar2 default '[email protected]',
                                   recipient in varchar2 default '[email protected]',
                                   subject   in varchar2 default 'The Wrong Data Noticement',
                                   message   in varchar2) is
  mailhost varchar2(30) := '10.27.9.24';
  c        utl_smtp.connection;
  msg      varchar2(1000);

begin

  msg := 'Date: ' || to_char(sysdate - 1, 'dd mon yy hh24:mi:ss') || UTL_TCP.CRLF ||
         'From: <' || sender || '>' || UTL_TCP.CRLF ||
         'subject: ' || subject || UTL_TCP.CRLF ||
         'To: <' || recipient || '>' || UTL_TCP.CRLF ||
         '' || UTL_TCP.CRLF || message;

  c := utl_smtp.open_connection(mailhost, 25);

  utl_smtp.helo(c, mailhost);
  utl_smtp.mail(c, sender);
  utl_smtp.rcpt(c, recipient);
  utl_smtp.data(c, msg);
  utl_smtp.quit(c);
end P_Mail;

 

 

------------------------------------------

 

    但是这个脚本存在一个比较严重的问题，就是不能发送中文，中文发出去是乱码的，要解决这个问题，需要把： utl_smtp.data 改成用utl_smtp.write_raw_data, 修改为：

 

create or replace procedure P_Mail(sender    in varchar2 default '[email protected]',
                                   recipient in varchar2 default '[email protected]',
                                   subject   in varchar2 default 'The Wrong Data Noticement',
                                   message   in varchar2) is
  mailhost varchar2(30) := '10.27.9.24';
  c        utl_smtp.connection;
  msg      varchar2(1000);
begin
  msg := 'Date: ' || to_char(sysdate - 1, 'dd mon yy hh24:mi:ss') || UTL_TCP.CRLF ||
         'From: <' || sender || '>' || UTL_TCP.CRLF ||
         'subject: ' || subject || UTL_TCP.CRLF ||
         'To: <' || recipient || '>' || UTL_TCP.CRLF ||
         '' || UTL_TCP.CRLF || message;
  c := utl_smtp.open_connection(mailhost, 25);
  utl_smtp.helo(c, mailhost);
  utl_smtp.mail(c, sender);
  utl_smtp.rcpt(c, recipient);
  utl_smtp.open_data(c);
  utl_smtp.write_raw_data(c, utl_raw.cast_to_raw(msg));
  utl_smtp.close_data(c);
  utl_smtp.quit(c);
end P_Mail;

 

 

------------------------------------------

 

    如果需要使用外网邮箱登陆后发送邮件，则要加入下面的代码：

 

utl_smtp.command( c, 'auth login');
utl_smtp.command( c, utl_raw.cast_to_varchar2(utl_encode.base64_encode(utl_raw.cast_to_raw(username))));
utl_smtp.command( c, utl_raw.cast_to_varchar2(utl_encode.base64_encode(utl_raw.cast_to_raw(password))));

 

    具体测试通过的代码如下：

 

create or replace procedure P_Mail_Sina(sender    in varchar2 default '[email protected]',
                                        recipient in varchar2 default '[email protected]',
                                        subject   in varchar2 default '我的邮件测试',
                                        message   in varchar2) is
  mailhost varchar2(30) := '202.108.3.190'; --ping smpt.sina.com
  c        utl_smtp.connection;
  msg      varchar2(1000);
begin
  msg := 'Date: ' || to_char(sysdate - 1, 'dd mon yy hh24:mi:ss') || UTL_TCP.CRLF ||
         'From: <' || sender || '>' || UTL_TCP.CRLF ||
         'subject: ' || subject || UTL_TCP.CRLF ||
         'To: <' || recipient || '>' || UTL_TCP.CRLF ||
         '' || UTL_TCP.CRLF || message;
  c := utl_smtp.open_connection(mailhost, 25);
utl_smtp.command(c, 'auth login');
utl_smtp.command(c, utl_raw.cast_to_varchar2(utl_encode.base64_encode(utl_raw.cast_to_raw('decode360'))));
utl_smtp.command(c, utl_raw.cast_to_varchar2(utl_encode.base64_encode(utl_raw.cast_to_raw('82654643'))));
  utl_smtp.helo(c, mailhost);
  utl_smtp.mail(c, sender);
  utl_smtp.rcpt(c, recipient);
  utl_smtp.open_data(c);
  utl_smtp.write_raw_data(c, utl_raw.cast_to_raw(msg));
  utl_smtp.close_data(c);
  utl_smtp.quit(c);
end P_Mail_Sina;

 

 

------------------------------------------

    如果需要加入抄送，则在msg中加入'Cc:'作为name的行即可，如果需要多个接受者，则在收件人中列明，并分别用utl_smtp.rcpt连接，如下：

 

 

create or replace procedure P_Mail(sender    in varchar2 default '[email protected]',
                                   recipient1 in varchar2 default '[email protected]',
                                   recipient2 in varchar2 default '[email protected]',
                                   recipient3 in varchar2 default '[email protected]',
                                   subject   in varchar2 default 'The Wrong Data Noticement',
                                   message   in varchar2) is
  mailhost varchar2(30) := '10.27.9.24';
  c        utl_smtp.connection;
  msg      varchar2(1000);
begin
  msg := 'Date: ' || to_char(sysdate - 1, 'dd mon yy hh24:mi:ss') || UTL_TCP.CRLF ||
         'From: <' || sender || '>' || UTL_TCP.CRLF ||
         'subject: ' || subject || UTL_TCP.CRLF ||
         'To: <' || recipient1 || '>;<'||recipient2||'>'|| UTL_TCP.CRLF ||
         'Cc: <' || recipient3 || '>' || UTL_TCP.CRLF ||
         '' || UTL_TCP.CRLF || message;
  c := utl_smtp.open_connection(mailhost, 25);
  utl_smtp.helo(c, mailhost);
  utl_smtp.mail(c, sender);
  utl_smtp.rcpt(c, recipient1);
  utl_smtp.rcpt(c, recipient2);
  utl_smtp.rcpt(c, recipient3);
  utl_smtp.open_data(c);
  utl_smtp.write_raw_data(c, utl_raw.cast_to_raw(msg));
  utl_smtp.close_data(c);
  utl_smtp.quit(c);
end P_Mail;

 

 

------------------------------------------

 

    基本上先了解这些了，其实还有很多其他的功能，例如：支持HTML、支持发送附件等等。具体操作有需要时再学一下，以下列出地址：

 

 

 

----------------------------

HTML功能传送门： http://www.itpub.net/viewthread.php?tid=633486&extra=&page=1

附件功能传送门： http://lz726.javaeye.com/blog/141456

ASK TOM传送门： http://asktom.oracle.com/pls/asktom/f?p=100:11:93372672528637::::P11_QUESTION_ID:255615160805

Java发邮件传送门： http://www.itpub.net/thread-825426-1-1.html