Nginx ("engine x") 是一个高性能的 HTTP 和 反向代理 服务器,也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器,因它的稳定性、丰富的功能集、示例配置文件和低系统资源的消耗而闻名。
近年来nginx越来越流行,很多网站都开始用nginx来做web代理,以及原来的大公司也都在考虑用nginx来代替apache和resign。由于我在上个公司时,一个电子商务网站开始用的是apache+tomcat,后来也开始考虑用nginx+tomcat+memcache来代替apache+tomcat。
通用架构如下:
其中用memcache来存储session,tomcat作为servlet容器,nginx作为tomcat代理,对外接口。这个时候只要保证memcache服务器不停,tomcat之间可以任意热插拔。实现了session的独立存储,需要的话,还可以存储到数据库或者文件中,也不用考虑是否使用黏性session。
在本例中,使用到了一个memcache服务器,3个tomcat,一个nginx,rhel5.4 64位操作系统,配置如下。
nginx配置:
nginx.conf配置如下:
#user nobody; worker_processes 1; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; server_tokens off; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml; gzip_vary on; gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]."; proxy_temp_path proxy_temp_dir; proxy_cache_path proxy_cache_dir levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_one:200m inactive=1d max_size=3g; upstream shopcluster{ server 127.0.0.1:8180 weight=1; server 127.0.0.1:8182 weight=1; } upstream hmfkcluster{ server 127.0.0.1:8080 weight=1; server 127.0.0.1:8081 weight=1; } server { listen 80 default; server_name localhost; #charset utf-8; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { #root /data/zwlsshop/www; proxy_pass http://shopcluster; index index.jsp index.html index.htm; } location ~* \.(gif|jpg|png|js|css)$ { access_log off; # root /data/zwlsshop/www; expires 2h; proxy_cache cache_one; proxy_cache_key $host$uri$is_args$args; proxy_cache_valid any 1h; if ( !-f \$request_filename) { # access_log logs/imgaccess.log; proxy_pass http://shopcluster; } } # location = /test/cachetest.jsp { # access_log logs/cachetestall.log; # root /data/zwlsshop/www; # expires 2h; # proxy_cache cache_one; # proxy_cache_key $host$uri$is_args$args; # proxy_cache_valid any 1h; # if ( !-f \$request_filename) { # proxy_pass http://shopcluster; # } # } # location ~ /purge(/.*) { # proxy_cache_purge cache_one $host$1$is_args$args; # # # } location /nginxs { stub_status on; access_log off; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } server { listen 80; server_name localhost2 www.myroute.cn #charset utf-8; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { #root /data/zwlsshop/www; proxy_pass http://hmfkcluster; index index.jsp index.html index.htm; } # location ~* .+\.(gif|jpg|png|js|css)$ { # # access_log off; # root /data/zwlsshop/www; # expires 2h; # proxy_cache cache_one; # proxy_cache_key $host$uri$is_args$args; # proxy_cache_valid any 1h; # if ( !-f \$request_filename) { # access_log logs/imgaccess.log; # proxy_pass http://hmfkcluster; # } # } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } }
nginx使用说明:
tomcat:
tomcat只需要改动一点,即在conf文件夹下的context.xml添加下面语句
在contex里面添加:
<Manager className="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager" memcachedNodes="m1:127.0.0.1:11211" sticky="false" lockingMode="auto" sessionBackupAsync="false" sessionBackupTimeout="1000" transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.kryo.KryoTranscoderFactory" />
其中memcachedNodes指定memcache的ip地址以及端口。sticky指定是否在tomcat中存储session做缓存。可以做两个memcach服务器,以备份session。