openstack restful api 使用
Openstack每个项目的接口遵循REST原则，通常也被称为RESTful接口,如何使用restful api
第一件事情你必须使用你的证书来认证来获取authentication token。证书包含了用户名、密码和tenant（项目）。你可以openrc.sh文件中得到他们。token允许你不需要再次认证就能和其他的service endpoints交互。Tokens通常存在24小时比较好，当token过期后，你将会收到一个401（未被授权的）响应，然后你可以再请求一个token。
openstack 相关环境信息为：
Keystone IP: 192.168.12.1
用户名:admin
密码:password
租户ID: admin
验证一下，API是否正常工作.使用Curl工具验证,并获取token
curl -k -X 'POST' -v http://192.168.12.1:5000/v2.0/tokens -d '{"auth":{"passwordCredentials":{"username": "admin", "password":"password"}, "tenantname":"admin"}}' -H 'Content-type: application/json'
返回
获取前面几行，其中的ID一项，即为我们以后认证需要的token，记下来:
X-Auth-Token: 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-Fxn-lu7E2w-w+lUcetiH2wOLQw68Cv36H3bvLDljJXb8QECSMT1k0+-hVvnxPt2-h3CvG3Mzp7h5KHUVsRL2NNOFJln7M64rjvegmzd1U5YT5lumiUMC4hlSSC23Y9nkAl+aw7Z16pD3nQdE9cY338dDlt3pHrSLNHd1nLoSh2Su6t3Y0YH70nyhRn7uIdqW6iSxGoAFB+rky3GSLH2HWNeoYrg3hCOzsV76XLgbybCkOPdPyAhu59G6NvwYyVgBXGfwznJGYekuw-d4mq4Sp5GlR2WKF9R9MxdCAOaGMmUpxCgz1C2XSmQWqHBBhwtX+w8VOw-z9aSV8P4获得正确的的tokens后，便可以参考官方的api参考页面，测试其它的api了.官方参考 http://developer.openstack.org/api-ref-compute-v2.1.html
如instance 列表:
curl -v -H "X-Auth-Token: MIIMUAYJKoZIhvcNAQcCoIIMQTCCDD0CAQExDTALBglghkgBZQMEAgEwggqeBgkqhkiG9w0BBwGgggqPBIIKi3siYWNjZXNzIjogeyJ0b2tlbiI6IHsiaXNzdWVkX2F0IjogIjIwMTUtMTItMjNUMDI6NTA6MjcuMzc4NTkyIiwgImV4cGlyZXMiOiAiMjAxNS0xMi0yM1QwMzo1MDoyN1oiLCAiaWQiOiAicGxhY2Vob2xkZXIiLCAidGVuYW50IjogeyJkZXNjcmlwdGlvbiI6ICJBZG1pbiBUZW5hbnQiLCAiZW5hYmxlZCI6IHRydWUsICJpZCI6ICIyOTk2ZTQ2YzI1MTk0MTVkOGRlMmIxNDFkNmM2MDdiYSIsICJuYW1lIjogImFkbWluIn19LCAic2VydmljZUNhdGFsb2ciOiBbeyJlbmRwb2ludHMiOiBbeyJhZG1pblVSTCI6ICJodHRwOi8vMTkyLjE2OC4xMi4xOjg3NzQvdjIvMjk5NmU0NmMyNTE5NDE1ZDhkZTJiMTQxZDZjNjA3YmEiLCAicmVnaW9uIjogInJlZ2lvbk9uZSIsICJpbnRlcm5hbFVSTCI6ICJodHRwOi8vMTkyLjE2OC4xMi4xOjg3NzQvdjIvMjk5NmU0NmMyNTE5NDE1ZDhkZTJiMTQxZDZjNjA3YmEiLCAiaWQiOiAiNDVkYWQ5NDczNzE0NGFkODhjNmNhMDg2ZWM5Mzc3ODAiLCAicHVibGljVVJMIjogImh0dHA6Ly8xOTIuMTY4LjEyLjE6ODc3NC92Mi8yOTk2ZTQ2YzI1MTk0MTVkOGRlMmIxNDFkNmM2MDdiYSJ9XSwgImVuZHBvaW50c19saW5rcyI6IFtdLCAidHlwZSI6ICJjb21wdXRlIiwgIm5hbWUiOiAibm92YSJ9LCB7ImVuZHBvaW50cyI6IFt7ImFkbWluVVJMIjogImh0dHA6Ly8xOTIuMTY4LjEyLjE6OTY5NiIsICJyZWdpb24iOiAicmVnaW9uT25lIiwgImludGVybmFsVVJMIjogImh0dHA6Ly8xOTIuMTY4LjEyLjE6OTY5NiIsICJpZCI6ICIxZWNlODE2YzZjZDE0OWFhYmY4NTY0Y2U0MDNlYTJkOCIsICJwdWJsaWNVUkwiOiAiaHR0cDovLzE5Mi4xNjguMTIuMTo5Njk2In1dLCAiZW5kcG9pbnRzX2xpbmtzIjogW10sICJ0eXBlIjogIm5ldHdvcmsiLCAibmFtZSI6ICJuZXV0cm9uIn0sIHsiZW5kcG9pbnRzIjogW3siYWRtaW5VUkwiOiAiaHR0cDovLzE5Mi4xNjguMTIuMTo4Nzc2L3YyLzI5OTZlNDZjMjUxOTQxNWQ4ZGUyYjE0MWQ2YzYwN2JhIiwgInJlZ2lvbiI6ICJyZWdpb25PbmUiLCAiaW50ZXJuYWxVUkwiOiAiaHR0cDovLzE5Mi4xNjguMTIuMTo4Nzc2L3YyLzI5OTZlNDZjMjUxOTQxNWQ4ZGUyYjE0MWQ2YzYwN2JhIiwgImlkIjogIjYzZmM5OTQ2ZjFiODQ5MGFhYjlhMmNhZDI3MDk0MDY3IiwgInB1YmxpY1VSTCI6ICJodHRwOi8vMTkyLjE2OC4xMi4xOjg3NzYvdjIvMjk5NmU0NmMyNTE5NDE1ZDhkZTJiMTQxZDZjNjA3YmEifV0sICJlbmRwb2ludHNfbGlua3MiOiBbXSwgInR5cGUiOiAidm9sdW1ldjIiLCAibmFtZSI6ICJjaW5kZXJ2MiJ9LCB7ImVuZHBvaW50cyI6IFt7ImFkbWluVVJMIjogImh0dHA6Ly8xOTIuMTY4LjEyLjE6OTI5MiIsICJyZWdpb24iOiAicmVnaW9uT25lIiwgImludGVybmFsVVJMIjogImh0dHA6Ly8xOTIuMTY4LjEyLjE6OTI5MiIsICJpZCI6ICIzNGYxNGIwMmI1YzE0NWE0ODNhMmQ4YjhmNjI5ZTA1ZiIsICJwdWJsaWNVUkwiOiAiaHR0cDovLzE5Mi4xNjguMTIuMTo5MjkyIn1dLCAiZW5kcG9pbnRzX2xpbmtzIjogW10sICJ0eXBlIjogImltYWdlIiwgIm5hbWUiOiAiZ2xhbmNlIn0sIHsiZW5kcG9pbnRzIjogW3siYWRtaW5VUkwiOiAiaHR0cDovLzE5Mi4xNjguMTIuMTo4Nzc3IiwgInJlZ2lvbiI6ICJyZWdpb25PbmUiLCAiaW50ZXJuYWxVUkwiOiAiaHR0cDovLzE5Mi4xNjguMTIuMTo4Nzc3IiwgImlkIjogIjk2ZTNjODg2ZWNhNzQ1ZmViY2E2MTQ5Yzc1YzNkYTdjIiwgInB1YmxpY1VSTCI6ICJodHRwOi8vMTkyLjE2OC4xMi4xOjg3NzcifV0sICJlbmRwb2ludHNfbGlua3MiOiBbXSwgInR5cGUiOiAibWV0ZXJpbmciLCAibmFtZSI6ICJjZWlsb21ldGVyIn0sIHsiZW5kcG9pbnRzIjogW3siYWRtaW5VUkwiOiAiaHR0cDovLzE5Mi4xNjguMTIuMTo4Nzc2L3YxLzI5OTZlNDZjMjUxOTQxNWQ4ZGUyYjE0MWQ2YzYwN2JhIiwgInJlZ2lvbiI6ICJyZWdpb25PbmUiLCAiaW50ZXJuYWxVUkwiOiAiaHR0cDovLzE5Mi4xNjguMTIuMTo4Nzc2L3YxLzI5OTZlNDZjMjUxOTQxNWQ4ZGUyYjE0MWQ2YzYwN2JhIiwgImlkIjogIjdmNmUxMjE2ZmZmZTQ0ZjViMDA3ZGFjYjVjMWRhNWMwIiwgInB1YmxpY1VSTCI6ICJodHRwOi8vMTkyLjE2OC4xMi4xOjg3NzYvdjEvMjk5NmU0NmMyNTE5NDE1ZDhkZTJiMTQxZDZjNjA3YmEifV0sICJlbmRwb2ludHNfbGlua3MiOiBbXSwgInR5cGUiOiAidm9sdW1lIiwgIm5hbWUiOiAiY2luZGVyIn0sIHsiZW5kcG9pbnRzIjogW3siYWRtaW5VUkwiOiAiaHR0cDovLzE5Mi4xNjguMTIuMTozNTM1Ny92Mi4wIiwgInJlZ2lvbiI6ICJyZWdpb25PbmUiLCAiaW50ZXJuYWxVUkwiOiAiaHR0cDovLzE5Mi4xNjguMTIuMTo1MDAwL3YyLjAiLCAiaWQiOiAiMGUwNDk5NjM1MGE4NDYxMGI2ZGEzYmZlZTliYjg0YjgiLCAicHVibGljVVJMIjogImh0dHA6Ly8xOTIuMTY4LjEyLjE6NTAwMC92Mi4wIn1dLCAiZW5kcG9pbnRzX2xpbmtzIjogW10sICJ0eXBlIjogImlkZW50aXR5IiwgIm5hbWUiOiAia2V5c3RvbmUifV0sICJ1c2VyIjogeyJ1c2VybmFtZSI6ICJhZG1pbiIsICJyb2xlc19saW5rcyI6IFtdLCAiaWQiOiAiODRhZDA5Yjk3YTdmNDFkMDhhZmRmMjBhZmVlMDhkYWYiLCAicm9sZXMiOiBbeyJuYW1lIjogImFkbWluIn1dLCAibmFtZSI6ICJhZG1pbiJ9LCAibWV0YWRhdGEiOiB7ImlzX2FkbWluIjogMCwgInJvbGVzIjogWyJlMjJjMzNlOGZkNWY0OGY1OWUzOTRiNTkzZGQzYzBmOCJdfX19MYIBhTCCAYECAQEwXDBXMQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEOMAwGA1UECAwFVW5zZXQxDjAMBgNVBAcMBVVuc2V0MQ4wDAYDVQQKDAVVbnNldDEYMBYGA1UEAwwPd3d3LmV4YW1wbGUuY29tAgEBMAsGCWCGSAFlAwQCATANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCAQDbzMul-Fxn-lu7E2w-w+lUcetiH2wOLQw68Cv36H3bvLDljJXb8QECSMT1k0+-hVvnxPt2-h3CvG3Mzp7h5KHUVsRL2NNOFJln7M64rjvegmzd1U5YT5lumiUMC4hlSSC23Y9nkAl+aw7Z16pD3nQdE9cY338dDlt3pHrSLNHd1nLoSh2Su6t3Y0YH70nyhRn7uIdqW6iSxGoAFB+rky3GSLH2HWNeoYrg3hCOzsV76XLgbybCkOPdPyAhu59G6NvwYyVgBXGfwznJGYekuw-d4mq4Sp5GlR2WKF9R9MxdCAOaGMmUpxCgz1C2XSmQWqHBBhwtX+w8VOw-z9aSV8P4" http://192.168.12.1:8774/v2/2996e46c2519415d8de2b141d6c607ba/servers返回instance 列表：
curl毕竟是命令行，比较麻烦，推荐使用rest客户端去操作。这里推存一个JAVA的: https://code.google.com/p/rest-client/
填入，X-Auth-Token 和 URL部分
