1.保证数据的安全,任何一块磁盘坏掉不影响数据丢失,还要考虑IO性能
2.划分两个单独的磁盘分区/web和/data
3.可以动态地扩展分区的大小
[root@serv01 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb [root@serv01 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc [root@serv01 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdd [root@serv01 ~]# fdisk /dev/sde
[root@serv01 ~]# mdadm -C /dev/md5 -l 5 -n3 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1 mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata mdadm: array /dev/md0 started. [root@serv01 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/md5 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=128 blocks, Stripe width=256 blocks 262144 inodes, 1047552 blocks 52377 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the superuser First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=1073741824 32 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments pergroup 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768,98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (16384 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystemaccounting information: done This filesystem will be automaticallychecked every 27 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@serv01 ~]# pvcreate /dev/md5 Physical volume "/dev/md5" successfully created
[root@serv01 ~]# vgcreate myvg /dev/md5 Volume group "myvg" successfully created
#创建逻辑卷mylv01 [root@serv01 ~]# lvcreate -L 1000M -n mylv01 myvg Logical volume "mylv01" created #创建逻辑卷mylv02 [root@serv01 ~]# lvcreate -L 1000M -n mylv02 myvg Logical volume "mylv02" created
#创建mdadm.conf文件 [root@serv01 ~]# mdadm --detail --scan >/etc/mdadm.conf #创建/web目录 [root@serv01 ~]# mkdir /web #创建/data目录 [root@serv01 ~]# mkdir /data #将挂载信息写到fstab文件中 [root@serv01 ~]# echo"/dev/myvg/mylv01 /web ext4 defaults 1 2" >> /etc/fstab [root@serv01 ~]# echo"/dev/myvg/mylv02 /data ext4 defaults 1 2" >> /etc/fstab [root@serv01 ~]# tail -n 2 /etc/fstab /dev/myvg/mylv01 /web ext4 defaults 1 2 /dev/myvg/mylv02 /data ext4 defaults 1 2
#格式化mylv01 [root@serv01 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/myvg/mylv01 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=128 blocks, Stripe width=256 blocks 64000 inodes, 256000 blocks 12800 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the superuser First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=264241152 8 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments pergroup 8000 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768,98304, 163840, 229376 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (4096 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystemaccounting information: done This filesystem will be automaticallychecked every 28 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. #格式化mylv02 [root@serv01 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/myvg/mylv02 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=128 blocks, Stripe width=256 blocks 64000 inodes, 256000 blocks 12800 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the superuser First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=264241152 8 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments pergroup 8000 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768,98304, 163840, 229376 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (4096 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystemaccounting information: done This filesystem will be automaticallychecked every 24 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
#挂载web [root@serv01 ~]# mount /dev/myvg/mylv01/web #挂载data [root@serv01 ~]# mount /dev/myvg/mylv02/data #查看磁盘信息 [root@serv01 ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 9.7G 1.1G 8.1G 12% / tmpfs 188M 0 188M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 194M 25M 160M 14% /boot /dev/sda5 4.0G 137M 3.7G 4% /opt /dev/sr0 3.4G 3.4G 0 100% /iso /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv01 985M 18M 918M 2% /web /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv02 985M 18M 918M 2% /data
#拷贝文件到web目录 [root@serv01 ~]# cp /boot/* /web/ #查看RAID5的详细信息 [root@serv01 ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md5 /dev/md5: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Fri Aug 200:35:07 2013 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 4190208 (4.00 GiB 4.29 GB) Used Dev Size : 2095104 (2046.34 MiB 2145.39 MB) Raid Devices : 3 Total Devices : 3 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Fri Aug 2 00:46:462013 State : clean Active Devices : 3 Working Devices : 3 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 512K Name : serv01.host.com:5 (local to host serv01.host.com) UUID : 97c47faa:972aba90:2248d692:b7fc2b6f Events : 22 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 17 0 active sync /dev/sdb1 1 8 33 1 active sync /dev/sdc1 3 8 49 2 active sync /dev/sdd1 #清除/dev/sdb,o [root@serv01 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb [root@serv01 ~]# ls /web/ config-2.6.32-131.0.15.el6.x86_64 lost+found System.map-2.6.32-131.0.15.el6.x86_64 initramfs-2.6.32-131.0.15.el6.x86_64.img symvers-2.6.32-131.0.15.el6.x86_64.gz vmlinuz-2.6.32-131.0.15.el6.x86_64 #再次查看,发现/dev/sdb被标记为removed [root@serv01~]# mdadm -D /dev/md5 /dev/md5: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Fri Aug 200:35:07 2013 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 4190208 (4.00 GiB 4.29 GB) Used Dev Size : 2095104 (2046.34 MiB 2145.39 MB) Raid Devices : 3 Total Devices : 2 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Fri Aug 2 00:48:192013 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 2 Working Devices : 2 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 512K Name : serv01.host.com:5 (localto host serv01.host.com) UUID : 97c47faa:972aba90:2248d692:b7fc2b6f Events : 30 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 0 0 0 removed 1 8 33 1 active sync /dev/sdc1 3 8 49 2 active sync /dev/sdd1
#添加/dev/sde1磁盘 [root@serv01 ~]# mdadm --manage /dev/md5--add /dev/sde1 mdadm: added /dev/sde1 #再次查看,发现/dev/sde被标记为active [root@serv01 ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md5 /dev/md5: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Fri Aug 200:35:07 2013 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 4190208 (4.00 GiB 4.29 GB) Used Dev Size : 2095104 (2046.34 MiB 2145.39 MB) Raid Devices : 3 TotalDevices : 3 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Fri Aug 2 00:49:192013 State : clean Active Devices : 3 Working Devices : 3 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 512K Name : serv01.host.com:5 (localto host serv01.host.com) UUID : 97c47faa:972aba90:2248d692:b7fc2b6f Events : 51 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 4 8 65 0 active sync /dev/sde1 1 8 33 1 active sync /dev/sdc1 3 8 49 2 active sync /dev/sdd1 #查看RAID信息 [root@serv01 ~]# cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] md5 : active raid5 sde1[4] sdc1[1] sdd1[3] 4190208 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/3] [UUU] unused devices: <none>
#可以增加逻辑卷的大小 [root@serv01 ~]# lvextend -L +1G/dev/myvg/mylv01 Extending logical volume mylv01 to 1.98 GiB Logical volume mylv01 successfully resized #让增加的操作生效 [root@serv01 ~]# resize2fs /dev/myvg/mylv01 resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem at /dev/myvg/mylv01 is mountedon /web; on-line resizing required old desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1 Performing an on-line resize of/dev/myvg/mylv01 to 518144 (4k) blocks. The filesystem on /dev/myvg/mylv01 is now518144 blocks long. #再次查看,发现磁盘空间变大 [root@serv01 ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 9.7G 1.1G 8.1G 12% / tmpfs 188M 0 188M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 194M 25M 160M 14% /boot /dev/sda5 4.0G 137M 3.7G 4% /opt /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv01 2.0G 36M 1.9G 2% /web /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv02 985M 18M 918M 2% /data /dev/sr0 3.4G 3.4G 0 100% /iso #再添加一块硬盘 [root@serv01 ~]# mdadm --manage /dev/md5--add /dev/sdf1 mdadm: added /dev/sdf1 [root@serv01 ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md5 /dev/md5: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Fri Aug 200:35:07 2013 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 4190208 (4.00 GiB 4.29 GB) Used Dev Size : 2095104 (2046.34 MiB 2145.39 MB) Raid Devices : 3 Total Devices : 4 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Fri Aug 2 00:56:132013 State : clean Active Devices : 3 Working Devices : 4 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 1 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 512K Name : serv01.host.com:5 (localto host serv01.host.com) UUID : 97c47faa:972aba90:2248d692:b7fc2b6f Events : 52 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 4 8 65 0 active sync /dev/sde1 1 8 33 1 active sync /dev/sdc1 3 8 49 2 active sync /dev/sdd1 5 8 81 - spare /dev/sdf1 #让添加的硬盘生效 [root@serv01 ~]# mdadm --grow /dev/md5—raid-device=4 [root@serv01 ~]# pvdisplay ---Physical volume --- PVName /dev/md5 VGName myvg PVSize 4.00 GiB / not usable4.00 MiB Allocatable yes PESize 4.00 MiB Total PE 1022 Free PE 266 Allocated PE 756 PVUUID uZoEve-F3Dr-KSBL-tXpA-ZtX5-9ZPM-64uv06 #让物理卷的大小同步 [root@serv01 ~]# pvresize /dev/md5 Physical volume "/dev/md5" changed 1physical volume(s) resized / 0 physical volume(s) not resized [root@serv01 ~]# pvdisplay ---Physical volume --- PVName /dev/md5 VGName myvg PVSize 5.99 GiB / not usable0 Allocatable yes PESize 4.00 MiB Total PE 1534 Free PE 778 Allocated PE 756 PVUUID uZoEve-F3Dr-KSBL-tXpA-ZtX5-9ZPM-64uv06 #可以监控文件的变化 [root@serv01 ~]# watch cat /proc/mdstat
我的邮箱:[email protected] 新浪微博:@Wentasy27 微信公众平台:JustOracle(微信号:justoracle) 数据库技术交流群:336882565(加群时验证 From CSDN XXX) Oracle交流讨论组:https://groups.google.com/d/forum/justoracle By Larry Wen
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