本文介绍Ubuntu 15.04下安装Mysql
1.sudo apt-get install mysql-server
2.apt-get install client
3.sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
安装过程中会提示输入用户密码,输入即可。
sudo netstat -tap | grep mysql
检查mysql是否安装成功,如下显示就是安装成功了。
mingwei@mingwei:~$ sudo netstat -tap | grep mysql [sudo] password for mingwei: tcp 0 0 localhost:mysql *:* LISTEN 23411/mysqld mingwei@mingwei:~$
进入数据库, -u是用户名,这里是root用户,-p是密码
5.show databases;
查看所有数据库 结尾出有 “;”
6.use databasename
使用制定的库文件 databasename是数据库名
7.show tables;
列出所有表 结尾出有 “;”
8.create database databasename
创建一个库,databasename是库名
创建好之后测试看库有没有,第二部分我们使用django来连接这个库试试。
二.连接数据库
接下来我们在web项目中测试连接mysql
1.在django项目的app下的的models.py下编写项目的model,然后django自身的ORM会读取这些model,并在数据库中创建相应的表,字段。
我们写的例子如下:
from django.db import models # Create your models here. class blogPost(models.Model): blog_title=models.CharField(max_length=150) blog_body=models.TextField() blog_timestamp=models.DateTimeField()
2.在web项目下的settings.py下面配置mysql数据库的连接参数
DATABASES = { 'default': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql', 'NAME': 'mysite', 'USER': 'root', 'PASSWORD': '123456', 'HOST': '127.0.0.1', 'PORT': '3306', } }
3.测试连接数据库
python manage.py check
如果是这样:数据库连接失败了,查看结尾的提示,No module named MySqldb,
mingwei@mingwei:~/mysite$ python manage.py check Traceback (most recent call last): File "manage.py", line 10, in <module> execute_from_command_line(sys.argv) File "/home/mingwei/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 338, in execute_from_command_line utility.execute() File "/home/mingwei/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 312, in execute django.setup() File "/home/mingwei/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 18, in setup apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS) File "/home/mingwei/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 108, in populate app_config.import_models(all_models) File "/home/mingwei/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 198, in import_models self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module __import__(name) File "/home/mingwei/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 41, in <module> class Permission(models.Model): File "/home/mingwei/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 139, in __new__ new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(meta, **kwargs)) File "/home/mingwei/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 324, in add_to_class value.contribute_to_class(cls, name) File "/home/mingwei/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/options.py", line 250, in contribute_to_class self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length()) File "/home/mingwei/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 36, in __getattr__ return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item) File "/home/mingwei/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 240, in __getitem__ backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE']) File "/home/mingwei/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 111, in load_backend return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module __import__(name) File "/home/mingwei/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 27, in <module> raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading MySQLdb module: %s" % e) django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading MySQLdb module: No module named MySQLdb
sudo apt-get install python-mysqldb
安装完之后再测试,如果不报错就说明安装成功了。
4.根据我我们编写的model来生成数据库
python manage.py syncdb
mingwei@mingwei:~/mysite$ python manage.py syncdb /home/mingwei/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/syncdb.py:24: RemovedInDjango19Warning: The syncdb command will be removed in Django 1.9 warnings.warn("The syncdb command will be removed in Django 1.9", RemovedInDjango19Warning) Operations to perform: Synchronize unmigrated apps: staticfiles, messages Apply all migrations: admin, contenttypes, auth, sessions Synchronizing apps without migrations: Creating tables... Running deferred SQL... Installing custom SQL... Running migrations: Rendering model states... DONE Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK Applying auth.0001_initial... OK Applying admin.0001_initial... OK Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK You have installed Django's auth system, and don't have any superusers defined. Would you like to create one now? (yes/no): yes Username (leave blank to use 'mingwei'): Email address: Password: Password (again): Error: Blank passwords aren't allowed. Password: Password (again): Superuser created successfully.
mysite的库确实生成了,但是表并没有生成:
mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysite | | mysql | | performance_schema | +--------------------+
show tables;列出所有表,发现只有一些用户表:奇了怪了,说好的orm自动生成呢?
mysql> show tables; +----------------------------+ | Tables_in_mysite | +----------------------------+ | auth_group | | auth_group_permissions | | auth_permission | | auth_user | | auth_user_groups | | auth_user_user_permissions | | django_admin_log | | django_content_type | | django_migrations | | django_session | +----------------------------+
mysql> show tables; +----------------------------+ | Tables_in_mysite | +----------------------------+ | auth_group | | auth_group_permissions | | auth_permission | | auth_user | | auth_user_groups | | auth_user_user_permissions | | blog_blogpost | | django_admin_log | | django_content_type | | django_migrations | | django_session | +----------------------------+ 11 rows in set (0.00 sec)