因为之前查资料关于opencv几种坑爹类型CvMat, Mat, IplImage, Cvarr的详细讲解很多,但详细到多通道元素获取和涉及到类型转换的文章极少,还有更坑爹的一些误导文章,所以本文很简要地讲一下怎样获取这几种类型的元素,及其类型转换。
1、Mat, IplImage, CvMat, CvArr的关系:
1. opencv文档中明确声明,CvMat已经过时了(CvMat is now obsolete, consider using Mat instead)不建议用;
2. 派生关系:CvArr -> CvMat -> IplImage
3. Mat用的一套东西是imread,imshow等,有别于CvArr及其子类的cvLoadImage(),cvShowImage()...
2. 相互转换
所有代码已经过测试,但是这里我就示意一下,真正写的时候不要忘记初始化转化过去的变量。
2.1 Mat与IplImage相互转换
IplImage* src;
某文章说,转换应该是Mat m(src); 而这不会复制内容,真正能复制内容的是:
Mat -> IplImage:
Mat m; IplImage* transIplimage = cvCloneImage(&(IplImage) m);
IplImage -> Mat
IplImage* transIplImage; Mat m = cvarrToMat(transIplImage,true);
2.2 CvMat与IplImage相互转换
IplImage* transIplImage; CvMat* cvmat; cvGetMat(transIplImage,cvmat); cvGetImage(cvmat,transIplImage);
3. (多通道)Mat, IplImage, CvMat的元素获取
单通道的网上很多,这里只写多通道:
3.1 IplImage
//i is the index of rows //j is the index of cols //c is the index of channel ((uchar*)pImg->imageData+i*pImg->widthStep)[j*3+c] CV_IMAGE_ELEM(pImg,uchar,i,3*j+c)
Mat m; int h = m.rows; int w = m.cols; int nc = m.channels(); for (int i = 0;i<h;i++) { for(int j = 0;j<w;j++) { Vec3b& elem = m.at<Vec3b>(i,j); for (int c = 0; c<nc; c++) { uchar uc = elem[c] ;//Mat(i,j) of channel c } } }
CV_MAT_ELEM(cvmat,uchar,i,3*j+c)
4. 验证获取元素代码(Mat转IplImage)
此代码只用于验证多通道元素获取没有错误,具体用的时候最好还是用opencv直接给的吧(见第3小节)
IplImage* cvcvt_mat2IplImage(Mat m) { int h = m.rows; int w = m.cols; int nc = m.channels(); IplImage* pImg = cvCreateImage(cvSize(w,h),8,nc); for (int i = 0;i<h;i++) { for(int j = 0;j<w;j++) { Vec3b& elem = m.at<Vec3b>(i,j); for (int c = 0; c<nc; c++) { //以下两种都可以 //((uchar*)pImg->imageData+i*pImg->widthStep)[j*3+c] = elem[c]; CV_IMAGE_ELEM(pImg,uchar,i,3*j+c) = elem[c]; } } } return pImg; }