手动安装cloudera cdh4.2 hadoop + hbase + hive(一)

安装版本

hadoop-2.0.0-cdh4.2.0
hbase-0.94.2-cdh4.2.0
hive-0.10.0-cdh4.2.0
jdk1.6.0_38

安装前说明

  • 安装目录为/opt
  • 检查hosts文件
  • 关闭防火墙
  • 设置时钟同步

使用说明

安装hadoop、hbase、hive成功之后启动方式为:

  • 启动dfs和mapreduce desktop1上执行start-dfs.sh和start-yarn.sh
  • 启动hbase desktop3上执行start-hbase.xml
  • 启动hive desktop1上执行hive

规划

    192.168.0.1             NameNode、Hive、ResourceManager
    192.168.0.2             SSNameNode
    192.168.0.3             DataNode、HBase、NodeManager
    192.168.0.4             DataNode、HBase、NodeManager
    192.168.0.6             DataNode、HBase、NodeManager
    192.168.0.7             DataNode、HBase、NodeManager
    192.168.0.8             DataNode、HBase、NodeManager

部署过程

系统和网络配置

  1. 修改每台机器的名称

    [root@desktop1 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network
    NETWORKING=yes
    HOSTNAME=desktop1
    

  2. 在各个节点上修改/etc/hosts增加以下内容:

    [root@desktop1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
    127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
    ::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
    192.168.0.1     desktop1
    192.168.0.2     desktop2
    192.168.0.3     desktop3
    192.168.0.4     desktop4
    192.168.0.6     desktop6
    192.168.0.7     desktop7
    192.168.0.8     desktop8
    

  3. 配置ssh无密码登陆 以下是设置desktop1上可以无密码登陆到其他机器上。

    [root@desktop1 ~]# ssh-keygen
    [root@desktop1 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub desktop2
    [root@desktop1 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub desktop3
    [root@desktop1 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub desktop4
    [root@desktop1 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub desktop6
    [root@desktop1 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub desktop7
    [root@desktop1 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub desktop8
  1. 每台机器上关闭防火墙:
    [root@desktop1 ~]# service iptables stop

安装Hadoop

配置Hadoop

将jdk1.6.0_38.zip上传到/opt,并解压缩。 将hadoop-2.0.0-cdh4.2.0.zip上传到/opt,并解压缩。

在NameNode上配置以下文件:

core-site.xml fs.defaultFS指定NameNode文件系统,开启回收站功能。
hdfs-site.xml 
    dfs.namenode.name.dir指定NameNode存储meta和editlog的目录,
    dfs.datanode.data.dir指定DataNode存储blocks的目录,
    dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address指定Secondary NameNode地址。
    开启WebHDFS。
slaves 添加DataNode节点主机
  1. core-site.xml 该文件指定fs.defaultFS连接desktop1,即NameNode节点。
[root@desktop1 hadoop]# pwd
/opt/hadoop-2.0.0-cdh4.2.0/etc/hadoop
[root@desktop1 hadoop]# cat core-site.xml 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
<!--fs.default.name for MRV1 ,fs.defaultFS for MRV2(yarn) -->
<property>
     <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
         <!--这个地方的值要和hdfs-site.xml文件中的dfs.federation.nameservices一致-->
     <value>hdfs://desktop1</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.trash.interval</name>
<value>10080</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.trash.checkpoint.interval</name>
<value>10080</value>
</property>
</configuration>
  1. hdfs-site.xml 该文件主要设置数据副本保存份数,以及namenode、datanode数据保存路径以及http-address。
[root@desktop1 hadoop]# cat hdfs-site.xml 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
<property>
  <name>dfs.replication</name>
  <value>1</value>
</property>

<property>
  <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
  <value>/opt/data/hadoop-${user.name}</value>
</property>

<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.http-address</name>
<value>desktop1:50070</value>
</property>

<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>
<value>desktop2:50090</value>
</property>

<property>
<name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
</configuration>
  1. masters 设置namenode和secondary namenode节点。
[root@desktop1 hadoop]# cat masters 
desktop1
desktop2
  1. slaves 设置哪些机器上安装datanode节点。
[root@desktop1 hadoop]# cat slaves 
desktop3
desktop4
desktop6
desktop7
desktop8

配置MapReduce

  1. mapred-site.xml 配置使用yarn计算框架,以及jobhistory的地址。
[root@desktop1 hadoop]# cat mapred-site.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
<property>
 <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
 <value>yarn</value>
</property>

<property>
 <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>
 <value>desktop1:10020</value>
</property>

<property>
 <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>
 <value>desktop1:19888</value>
</property>
</configuration>
  1. yarn-site.xml 主要配置resourcemanager地址以及yarn.application.classpath(这个路径很重要,要不然集成hive时候会提示找不到class)
[root@desktop1 hadoop]# cat yarn-site.xml 
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
<property>
    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>
    <value>desktop1:8031</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>
    <value>desktop1:8032</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>
    <value>desktop1:8030</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name>
    <value>desktop1:8033</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>
    <value>desktop1:8088</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <description>Classpath for typical applications.</description>
    <name>yarn.application.classpath</name>
    <value>$HADOOP_CONF_DIR,$HADOOP_COMMON_HOME/share/hadoop/common/*,
    $HADOOP_COMMON_HOME/share/hadoop/common/lib/*,
    $HADOOP_HDFS_HOME/share/hadoop/hdfs/*,$HADOOP_HDFS_HOME/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/*,
    $YARN_HOME/share/hadoop/yarn/*,$YARN_HOME/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/*,
    $YARN_HOME/share/hadoop/mapreduce/*,$YARN_HOME/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/*</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
    <value>mapreduce.shuffle</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class</name>
    <value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.local-dirs</name>
    <value>/opt/data/yarn/local</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.log-dirs</name>
    <value>/opt/data/yarn/logs</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <description>Where to aggregate logs</description>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.remote-app-log-dir</name>
    <value>/opt/data/yarn/logs</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.app.mapreduce.am.staging-dir</name>
    <value>/user</value>
 </property>

</configuration>

同步配置文件

修改.bashrc环境变量,并将其同步到其他几台机器,并且source .bashrc

[root@desktop1 ~]# cat .bashrc 
# .bashrc
alias rm='rm -i'
alias cp='cp -i'
alias mv='mv -i'

# Source global definitions
if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then
        . /etc/bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
export LANG=zh_CN.utf8

export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk1.6.0_38
export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
export CLASSPATH=./:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib/tools.jar

export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/hadoop-2.0.0-cdh4.2.0
export HIVE_HOME=/opt/hive-0.10.0-cdh4.2.0
export HBASE_HOME=/opt/hbase-0.94.2-cdh4.2.0

export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=${HADOOP_HOME}
export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=${HADOOP_HOME}
export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=${HADOOP_HOME}
export YARN_HOME=${HADOOP_HOME}
export HADOOP_YARN_HOME=${HADOOP_HOME}
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=${HADOOP_HOME}/etc/hadoop
export HDFS_CONF_DIR=${HADOOP_HOME}/etc/hadoop
export YARN_CONF_DIR=${HADOOP_HOME}/etc/hadoop

export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$HBASE_HOME/bin:$HIVE_HOME/bin

修改配置文件之后,使其生效。

[root@desktop1 ~]# source .bashrc 

将desktop1上的/opt/hadoop-2.0.0-cdh4.2.0拷贝到其他机器上

启动脚本

第一次启动hadoop需要先格式化NameNode,该操作只做一次。当修改了配置文件时,需要重新格式化

[root@desktop1 hadoop]hadoop namenode -format

在desktop1上启动hdfs:

[root@desktop1 hadoop]#start-dfs.sh

在desktop1上启动mapreduce:

[root@desktop1 hadoop]#start-yarn.sh

在desktop1上启动historyserver:

[root@desktop1 hadoop]#mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh start historyserver

查看MapReduce:

http://desktop1:8088/cluster

查看节点:

http://desktop2:8042/
http://desktop2:8042/node

检查集群进程

[root@desktop1 ~]# jps
5389 NameNode
5980 Jps
5710 ResourceManager
7032 JobHistoryServer

[root@desktop2 ~]# jps
3187 Jps
3124 SecondaryNameNode

[root@desktop3 ~]# jps
3187 Jps
3124 DataNode
5711 NodeManager

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