先说明一下自己画的结构图的规则:图中仅画出了比较重要的函数之间的调用关系。粉红色的函数是FFmpeg编解码类库(libavcodec,libavformat等)的API。绿色的函数是FFmpeg的libavfilter的API。其他不算很重要的函数就不再列出了。
PS:有一部分代码可能和ffmpeg.c有一些出入。因为本文使用的ffmpeg.c的代码是移植到VC之后的代码。
在看ffmpeg.c的代码之前,最好先看一下简单的代码了解FFmpeg解码,编码的关键API:100行代码实现最简单的基于FFMPEG+SDL的视频播放器
最简单的基于FFmpeg+SDL的音频播放器
最简单的基于FFMPEG的视频编码器(YUV编码为H.264)
最简单的基于FFMPEG的音频编码器(PCM编码为AAC)
最简单的基于FFmpeg的转码程序
上图所示本是一张高清大图。但是页面显示不下。因此上传了一份:
http://my.csdn.net/leixiaohua1020/album/detail/1788075
上面地址的那张图保存下来的话就是一张清晰的图片了。
下文将会对主要函数分别解析。
注:定义位于cmdutils.c中。
调用了如下函数:typedef struct OptionDef { const char *name; int flags; #define HAS_ARG 0x0001 #define OPT_BOOL 0x0002 #define OPT_EXPERT 0x0004 #define OPT_STRING 0x0008 #define OPT_VIDEO 0x0010 #define OPT_AUDIO 0x0020 #define OPT_INT 0x0080 #define OPT_FLOAT 0x0100 #define OPT_SUBTITLE 0x0200 #define OPT_INT64 0x0400 #define OPT_EXIT 0x0800 #define OPT_DATA 0x1000 #define OPT_PERFILE 0x2000 /* the option is per-file (currently ffmpeg-only). implied by OPT_OFFSET or OPT_SPEC */ #define OPT_OFFSET 0x4000 /* option is specified as an offset in a passed optctx */ #define OPT_SPEC 0x8000 /* option is to be stored in an array of SpecifierOpt. Implies OPT_OFFSET. Next element after the offset is an int containing element count in the array. */ #define OPT_TIME 0x10000 #define OPT_DOUBLE 0x20000 union { void *dst_ptr; int (*func_arg)(void *, const char *, const char *); size_t off; } u; const char *help; const char *argname; } OptionDef;
{ "L" , OPT_EXIT, {(void*)show_license}, "show license" }, { "h" , OPT_EXIT, {(void*) show_help}, "show help", "topic" }, { "?" , OPT_EXIT, {(void*)show_help}, "show help", "topic" }, { "help" , OPT_EXIT, {(void*)show_help}, "show help", "topic" }, { "-help" , OPT_EXIT, {(void*)show_help}, "show help", "topic" }, { "version" , OPT_EXIT, {(void*)show_version}, "show version" }, { "formats" , OPT_EXIT, {(void*)show_formats }, "show available formats" }, { "codecs" , OPT_EXIT, {(void*)show_codecs }, "show available codecs" }, { "decoders" , OPT_EXIT, {(void*)show_decoders }, "show available decoders" }, { "encoders" , OPT_EXIT, {(void*)show_encoders }, "show available encoders" }, { "bsfs" , OPT_EXIT, {(void*)show_bsfs }, "show available bit stream filters" }, { "protocols" , OPT_EXIT, {(void*)show_protocols}, "show available protocols" }, { "filters" , OPT_EXIT, {(void*)show_filters }, "show available filters" }, { "pix_fmts" , OPT_EXIT, {(void*)show_pix_fmts }, "show available pixel formats" }, { "layouts" , OPT_EXIT, {(void*)show_layouts }, "show standard channel layouts" }, { "sample_fmts", OPT_EXIT, {(void*)show_sample_fmts }, "show available audio sample formats" }, { "loglevel" , HAS_ARG, {(void*)opt_loglevel}, "set libav* logging level", "loglevel" }, { "v", HAS_ARG, {(void*)opt_loglevel}, "set libav* logging level", "loglevel" }, { "debug" , HAS_ARG, {(void*)opt_codec_debug}, "set debug flags", "flags" }, { "fdebug" , HAS_ARG, {(void*)opt_codec_debug}, "set debug flags", "flags" }, { "report" , 0, {(void*)opt_report}, "generate a report" }, { "max_alloc" , HAS_ARG, {(void*) opt_max_alloc}, "set maximum size of a single allocated block", "bytes" }, { "cpuflags" , HAS_ARG | OPT_EXPERT, {(void*) opt_cpuflags}, "force specific cpu flags", "flags" },
const OptionDef options[] = { /* main options */ #include "cmdutils_common_opts.h"//包含了cmdutils_common_opts.h中的选项 { "f", HAS_ARG | OPT_STRING | OPT_OFFSET, { (void*)OFFSET(format) }, "force format", "fmt" }, { "i", HAS_ARG | OPT_PERFILE, { (void*) opt_input_file }, "input file name", "filename" }, { "y", OPT_BOOL, { &file_overwrite }, "overwrite output files" }, { "n", OPT_BOOL, { &no_file_overwrite }, "do not overwrite output files" }, { "c", HAS_ARG | OPT_STRING | OPT_SPEC,{ (void*) OFFSET(codec_names) }, "codec name", "codec" }, { "codec", HAS_ARG | OPT_STRING | OPT_SPEC,{(void*) OFFSET(codec_names) }, "codec name", "codec" }, { "pre", HAS_ARG | OPT_STRING | OPT_SPEC,{ (void*) OFFSET(presets) }, "preset name", "preset" }, { "map", HAS_ARG | OPT_EXPERT | OPT_PERFILE, { (void*) opt_map }, "set input stream mapping", "[-]input_file_id[:stream_specifier][,sync_file_id[:stream_specifier]]" }, { "map_channel", HAS_ARG | OPT_EXPERT | OPT_PERFILE, {(void*)opt_map_channel }, "map an audio channel from one stream to another", "file.stream.channel[:syncfile.syncstream]" }, { "map_metadata", HAS_ARG | OPT_STRING | OPT_SPEC,{ (void*)OFFSET(metadata_map) }, "set metadata information of outfile from infile", "outfile[,metadata]:infile[,metadata]" }, { "map_chapters", HAS_ARG | OPT_INT | OPT_EXPERT | OPT_OFFSET, { (void*) OFFSET(chapters_input_file) }, "set chapters mapping", "input_file_index" }, { "t", HAS_ARG | OPT_TIME | OPT_OFFSET,{(void*) OFFSET(recording_time) }, "record or transcode \"duration\" seconds of audio/video", "duration" }, { "fs",HAS_ARG | OPT_INT64 | OPT_OFFSET, { (void*) OFFSET(limit_filesize) }, "set the limit file size in bytes", "limit_size" }, { "ss",HAS_ARG | OPT_TIME | OPT_OFFSET,{ (void*) OFFSET(start_time) }, "set the start time offset", "time_off" }, …//选项太多,不一一列出 };
{ "i",HAS_ARG | OPT_PERFILE, { (void*) opt_input_file }, "input file name", "filename" }在这个结构体中,可以看出选项的名称为“i”,选项包含选项值(HAS_ARG),选项的处理函数是opt_input_file(),选项的说明是“input file name”。下面可以详细看一下选项的处理函数opt_input_file()。该函数的定义位于ffmpeg_opt.c文件中。可以看出,调用了avformat_alloc_context()初始化了AVFormatContext结构体,调用了avformat_open_input()函数打开了“-i”选项指定的文件。此外,调用了avformat_find_stream_info()等完成了一些初始化操作。此外,调用了av_dump_format()打印输出输入文件信息。
static int opt_input_file(void *optctx, const char *opt, const char *filename) { //略… /* open the input file with generic avformat function */ err = avformat_open_input(&ic, filename, file_iformat, &format_opts); if (err < 0) { print_error(filename, err); exit(1); } //略… /* Set AVCodecContext options for avformat_find_stream_info */ opts = setup_find_stream_info_opts(ic, codec_opts); orig_nb_streams = ic->nb_streams; /* If not enough info to get the stream parameters, we decode the first frames to get it. (used in mpeg case for example) */ ret = avformat_find_stream_info(ic, opts); if (ret < 0) { av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "%s: could not find codec parameters\n", filename); avformat_close_input(&ic); exit(1); } //略… /* dump the file content */ av_dump_format(ic, nb_input_files, filename, 0); //略… return 0; }
ffmpeg -i xxx.mpg xxx.mkv而不是
ffmpeg -i xxx.mpeg -o xxx.mkv
void opt_output_file(void *optctx, const char *filename) { //略… err = avformat_alloc_output_context2(&oc, NULL, o->format, filename); if (!oc) { print_error(filename, err); exit(1); } //略… new_video_stream(); … new_audio_stream(); … new_subtitle_stream (); //略… }
下图红框所示即为print_report()打印输出到屏幕上的信息。
configure_filtergraph()
未分析。
FFmpeg转码时在屏幕上的输出。
(转码命令为ffmpeg -i cuc_ieschool.flv cuc_ieschool.mkv)ffmpeg version N-65018-gad91bf8 Copyright (c) 2000-2014 the FFmpeg developers built on Jul 26 2014 22:01:46 with gcc 4.8.3 (GCC) configuration: --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --disable-w32threads --enable-av isynth --enable-bzlib --enable-fontconfig --enable-frei0r --enable-gnutls --enab le-iconv --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca -- enable-libfreetype --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libilbc --enable-lib modplug --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrw b --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopus --enable-librtmp --enable-libschroedinge r --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --en able-libvidstab --enable-libvo-aacenc --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable- libx265 --enable-libxavs --enable-libxvid --enable-decklink --enable-zlib libavutil 52. 92.101 / 52. 92.101 libavcodec 55. 69.100 / 55. 69.100 libavformat 55. 49.100 / 55. 49.100 libavdevice 55. 13.102 / 55. 13.102 libavfilter 4. 11.102 / 4. 11.102 libswscale 2. 6.100 / 2. 6.100 libswresample 0. 19.100 / 0. 19.100 libpostproc 52. 3.100 / 52. 3.100 |
//输入信息(main()->parse_options()->opt_input_file()->av_dump_format())
Input #0, flv, from 'cuc_ieschool.flv': Metadata: metadatacreator : iku hasKeyframes : true hasVideo : true hasAudio : true hasMetadata : true canSeekToEnd : false datasize : 932906 videosize : 787866 audiosize : 140052 lasttimestamp : 34 lastkeyframetimestamp: 30 lastkeyframelocation: 886498 encoder : Lavf55.19.104 Duration: 00:00:34.16, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 318 kb/s Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (Main), yuv420p, 512x288 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 183 kb /s, 15.17 fps, 15 tbr, 1k tbn, 30 tbc Stream #0:1: Audio: mp3, 44100 Hz, stereo, s16p, 128 kb/s [libx264 @ 003de900] using SAR=1/1 [libx264 @ 003de900] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 SSE4.2 AVX [libx264 @ 003de900] profile High, level 2.1 [libx264 @ 003de900] 264 - core 142 r2431 ac76440 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Cop yleft 2003-2014 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=1 ref=3 deb lock=1:0:0 analyse=0x3:0x113 me=hex subme=7 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=1 m e_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=1 8x8dct=1 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=1 chro ma_qp_offset=-2 threads=6 lookahead_threads=1 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 i nterlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=3 b_pyramid=2 b_adapt=1 b_bias=0 direct=1 weightb=1 open_gop=0 weightp=2 keyint=250 keyint_min=15 scenec ut=40 intra_refresh=0 rc_lookahead=40 rc=crf mbtree=1 crf=23.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin= 0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 ip_ratio=1.40 aq=1:1.00 |
//输出信息(main()->transcode()->transcode_init()->av_dump_format())
Output #0, matroska, to 'cuc_ieschool.mkv': Metadata: metadatacreator : iku hasKeyframes : true hasVideo : true hasAudio : true hasMetadata : true canSeekToEnd : false datasize : 932906 videosize : 787866 audiosize : 140052 lasttimestamp : 34 lastkeyframetimestamp: 30 lastkeyframelocation: 886498 encoder : Lavf55.49.100 Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (libx264) (H264 / 0x34363248), yuv420p, 512x288 [SA R 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=-1--1, 15 fps, 1k tbn, 15 tbc Metadata: encoder : Lavc55.69.100 libx264 Stream #0:1: Audio: vorbis (libvorbis) (oV[0][0] / 0x566F), 44100 Hz, stereo , fltp Metadata: encoder : Lavc55.69.100 libvorbis |
//输出Stream Maping 信息(main()->transcode()->transcode_init())
Stream mapping: Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (native) -> h264 (libx264)) Stream #0:1 -> #0:1 (mp3 (native) -> vorbis (libvorbis)) |
//一行字(main()->transcode())
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help |
//输出信息(main()->transcode()->print_report())
frame= 95 fps=0.0 q=27.0 size= 119kB time=00:00:06.57 bitrate= 148.4kbits/ frame= 161 fps=158 q=27.0 size= 304kB time=00:00:10.99 bitrate= 226.8kbits/ frame= 197 fps=130 q=27.0 size= 433kB time=00:00:13.41 bitrate= 264.4kbits/ frame= 240 fps=119 q=27.0 size= 613kB time=00:00:16.32 bitrate= 307.5kbits/ frame= 280 fps=111 q=27.0 size= 788kB time=00:00:18.90 bitrate= 341.2kbits/ frame= 322 fps=106 q=27.0 size= 965kB time=00:00:21.76 bitrate= 363.1kbits/ frame= 373 fps=106 q=27.0 size= 1115kB time=00:00:25.16 bitrate= 363.0kbits/ frame= 431 fps=107 q=27.0 size= 1291kB time=00:00:29.00 bitrate= 364.6kbits/ frame= 505 fps=111 q=27.0 size= 1453kB time=00:00:33.90 bitrate= 351.1kbits/ frame= 510 fps=108 q=-1.0 Lsize= 1508kB time=00:00:34.15 bitrate= 361.7kbits/s |
//最后一次输出
video:1085kB audio:403kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:4kB muxin g overhead: 1.365477% |
//avcodec_close()的时候输出(libx264专有的输出信息)
[libx264 @ 003de900] frame I:4 Avg QP:17.21 size: 4880 [libx264 @ 003de900] frame P:259 Avg QP:21.94 size: 3391 [libx264 @ 003de900] frame B:247 Avg QP:26.87 size: 859 [libx264 @ 003de900] consecutive B-frames: 18.6% 46.3% 12.4% 22.7% [libx264 @ 003de900] mb I I16..4: 23.0% 57.5% 19.4% [libx264 @ 003de900] mb P I16..4: 4.2% 7.5% 4.2% P16..4: 30.1% 12.2% 5.7% 0.0% 0.0% skip:36.2% [libx264 @ 003de900] mb B I16..4: 0.3% 0.5% 0.4% B16..8: 28.8% 4.4% 1.0% direct: 1.4% skip:63.2% L0:40.4% L1:49.9% BI: 9.7% [libx264 @ 003de900] 8x8 transform intra:47.7% inter:41.7% [libx264 @ 003de900] coded y,uvDC,uvAC intra: 47.4% 27.8% 5.0% inter: 13.2% 4.4% 0.3% [libx264 @ 003de900] i16 v,h,dc,p: 22% 36% 9% 33% [libx264 @ 003de900] i8 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 23% 26% 28% 3% 3% 3% 4% 3% 4% [libx264 @ 003de900] i4 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 22% 25% 20% 5% 6% 5% 6% 5% 6% [libx264 @ 003de900] i8c dc,h,v,p: 71% 18% 10% 1% [libx264 @ 003de900] Weighted P-Frames: Y:0.8% UV:0.8% [libx264 @ 003de900] ref P L0: 69.3% 12.3% 14.1% 4.3% 0.0% [libx264 @ 003de900] ref B L0: 83.9% 15.3% 0.7% [libx264 @ 003de900] ref B L1: 96.0% 4.0% [libx264 @ 003de900] kb/s:261.17 |