struts2+jQuery+ajax调用演示

环境:


操作系统:Windows 7 


应用程序服务器:apache-tomcat-7.0.11


开发工具:IntelliJ IDEA 11.1.1


Java版本:Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_03-b05)


Struts版本:struts-2.2.1.1


jQuery版本:1.7.2


MySql版本: 5.5.16 MySQL Community Server (GPL)


mysql-connector-java:5.1.15






2013年4月16日注:本例中采用的JSON数据格式,推荐使用性能更好的jackson进行序列化,不要使用json-lib






关键点:


1.引入包:struts2对数据进行json序列化,必须要用到struts2的json-lib,struts2-json-plugin包;


2.json数据处理:异步提交的数据采用json格式,struts2-json-plugin会对数据进行json处理,所以struts2配置文件struts.xml中的package节点的extends必须是:extends="json-default";


例如:<package name="default" namespace="/test" extends="json-default">


3.同样的由于返回的是json数据,所以result的类型也必须采用json;


注意:struts2只能在引入json-lib,struts2-json-plugin包时,result的type属性设定json才不会报错:<result name="userInfo" type="json"></result>


4.针对异步提交,action的result节点值应该为空,即不能再转向(例如:只能为<result name="userInfo" type="json"></result>);


时序:


绿色代表客户端请求;紫色代表从数据库返回到客户端。


jsp-----(表单提交)---->jQuery------(ajax异步)----->Struts2-----(action取得json数据)----->调用service------->其它(spring,hibernate等)-----(model)----->DB


DB----(model)------>hibernate,spring--------->service-------Struts2(action,result)------->jQuery(ajax)---------->jsp







代码:




1. 入口jsp:input_user.jsp

<%--  
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.  
  User: Anyx  
  Date: 12-4-15  
  Time: 下午3:46  
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.  
--%>  
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>  
<html>  
<head>  
    <title></title>  
    <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery-1.7.2.js"></script>  
    <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/myJs.js"></script>  
</head>  
<body>  
    <div>  
        请输入用户:  
    </div>  
    <div>  
        <form id="subUserForm">  
        <input type="text" name="userInfo.id" id="id"/>  
        <input type="text" name="userInfo.name" id="name"/>  
        </form>  
    </div>  
    <div>  
        <input id="addUser" type="button" value="添加"/>  
         <input id="users" type="button" value="所有用户"/>  
         <a href="/test/load_allUser_jump.action">所有用户:非异步方式</a>  
         <input id="msg" type="button" value="hello"/>  
         <input id="msgUserInfo" type="button" value="userInfo"/>  
         <input id="msgUserInfoList" type="button" value="userInfoList"/>  
    </div>  
<div id="allUser">  
input_user:  
</div>  
</body>  
</html>  




2. jQuery文件:myJs.js

$(document).ready(function () {  
    $("#msg").click(function () {  
        $.ajax({  
            url:'/test/input_user!queryHello',  
            type:'POST',  
            data:"{}",  
            dataType:'json',  
            success:function (data) {  
                $("#allUser").append("输出了:id:" + data.hello);  
            }  
        });  
        /*$.getJSON("/test/input_user!queryHello", function (data) { 
         //通过.操作符可以从data.hello中获得Action中hello的值 
         $("#allUser").html("输出了: " + data.hello); 
         });*/  
    });  
  
    $("#msgUserInfo").click(function () {  
        $.ajax({  
            url:'/test/userInfo!loadUserInfo',  
            type:'post',  
            data:"{}",  
            dataType:'json',  
            success:function (data) {  
                $("#allUser").append("<div>输出了:id:" + data.userInfo.id + ", name: " + data.userInfo.name + "</div>");  
            }  
        });  
    });  
  
    $("#msgUserInfoList").click(function () {  
        $.ajax({  
            url:'/test/userInfoList.action',  
            type:'post',  
            data:"{}",  
            dataType:'json',  
            success:function (data) {  
                /*$.each(data.userList, function(i, value){ 
                 $("#allUser").append("<div>输出了:id:"+value.id+", name: "+value.name+"</div>"); 
                 });*/  
                $(data.userList).each(function (i, value) {  
                    $("#allUser").append("<div>输出了:id:" + value.id + ", name: " + value.name + "</div>");  
                });  
  
            }  
        });  
    });  
  
    $("#addUser").click(function () {  
        //必须先对提交表单数据数据进行序列化,采用jQuery的serialize()方法  
        var params = $("#subUserForm").serialize();  
        $.ajax({  
            url:'/test/add_user.action',  
            type:'post',  
            data:params,  
            dataType:'json',  
            success:function (data) {  
                /*$.each(data.userList, function(i, value){ 
                 $("#allUser").append("<div>输出了:id:"+value.id+", name: "+value.name+"</div>"); 
                 });*/  
                $(data.userList).each(function (i, value) {  
                    $("#allUser").append("<div>输出了:id:" + value.id + ", name: " + value.name + "</div>");  
                });  
  
            }  
        });  
    });  
  
    $("#users").click(function () {  
        $.ajax({  
            url:'/test/load_allUser.action',  
            type:'post',  
            data:"{}",  
            dataType:'json',  
            success:function (data) {  
                /*$.each(data.userList, function (i, value) { 
                 $("#allUser").append("<div>输出了:id:" + value.id + ", name: " + value.name + "</div>"); 
                 });*/  
                $(data.userList).each(function (i, value) {  
                    $("#allUser").append("<div>输出了:id:" + value.id + ", name: " + value.name + "</div>");  
                });  
  
            }  
        });  
    });  
});  




3.action类:UserAction.java

public class UserAction extends ActionSupport {  
  
    UserService us = new UserService();  
  
    public String inputUser() {  
        return "INPUT_USER";  
    }  
  
    public String queryHello() {  
        this.hello = "hello world";  
        return "hel";  
    }  
  
    public String loadUserInfo() {  
        userInfo = new UserInfo();  
        userInfo.setId(3);  
        userInfo.setName("取得userInfo");  
        return "userInfo";  
    }  
  
    public String loadUserInfoList() {  
        userList = new ArrayList<UserInfo>();  
  
        UserInfo u1 = new UserInfo();  
        u1.setId(1);  
        u1.setName("取得userInfo1");  
  
        UserInfo u2 = new UserInfo();  
        u2.setId(2);  
        u2.setName("取得userInfo2");  
  
        UserInfo u3 = new UserInfo();  
        u3.setId(3);  
        u3.setName("取得userInfo3");  
  
        userList.add(u1);  
        userList.add(u2);  
        userList.add(u3);  
        return "userInfoList";  
    }  
  
  
    public String addUser() {  
        /*userInfo = new UserInfo(); 
        userInfo.setId(7); 
        userInfo.setName("张7");*/  
  
        //如果是异步提交json格式,必须先在js中对提交的表单form进行序列化  
        //var params = $("subUserForm").serialize();  
        us.addUser(userInfo);  
  
        userList = us.getUser();  
        return "ADD_SUCCESS";  
    }  
  
    public String loadAllUser() {  
  
        userList = us.getUser();  
  
        return "USER";  
    }  
  
    /////////////////  
    private String hello;  
  
    public String getHello() {  
        return hello;  
    }  
  
    public void setHello(String hello) {  
        this.hello = hello;  
    }  
  
    public List<UserInfo> getUserList() {  
        return userList;  
    }  
  
    public void setUserList(List<UserInfo> userList) {  
        this.userList = userList;  
    }  
  
    public UserInfo getUserInfo() {  
        return userInfo;  
    }  
  
    public void setUserInfo(UserInfo userInfo) {  
        this.userInfo = userInfo;  
    }  
  
    private UserInfo userInfo;  
    private List<UserInfo> userList;  
}  




4.Struts配置文件:struts.xml


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
  
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC  
        "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1.7//EN"  
        "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.7.dtd">  
  
<struts>  
    <!--struts2的开发模式-->  
    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true"/>  
  
    <!--采用json数据格式,package的extends必须是extends="json-default"-->  
    <!--并且必须要用到struts2的json-lib,struts2-json-plugin包-->  
    <!--采用异步提交方式,result的type="json",并且result节点值为空-->  
    <package name="default" namespace="/test" extends="json-default">  
        <!--客户端请求采用DMI(动态调用)-->  
        <action name="input_user" class="com.agcro.jquery.action.UserAction">  
            <result name="INPUT_USER">/input_user.jsp</result>  
            <result name="hel" type="json"></result>  
        </action>  
  
        <!--客户端请求(非动态调用)-->  
        <action name="userInfo" class="com.agcro.jquery.action.UserAction" method="loadUserInfo">  
            <result name="userInfo" type="json"></result>  
        </action>  
  
        <action name="userInfoList" class="com.agcro.jquery.action.UserAction" method="loadUserInfoList">  
            <result name="userInfoList" type="json"></result>  
        </action>  
  
  
        <action name="add_user" class="com.agcro.jquery.action.UserAction" method="addUser">  
            <result name="ADD_SUCCESS" type="json"></result>  
        </action>  
  
        <action name="load_allUser" class="com.agcro.jquery.action.UserAction" method="loadAllUser">  
            <result name="USER" type="json"></result>  
        </action>  
  
        <!--不采用异步提交方式显示-->  
        <action name="load_allUser_jump" class="com.agcro.jquery.action.UserAction" method="loadAllUser">  
            <result name="USER">/user.jsp</result>  
        </action>  
  
    </package>  
</struts>  






5.Service类:UserService.java


public class UserService {  
  
    public List<UserInfo> getUser(){  
        Connection conn=Db.createConnection();  
        String sql="select * from user";  
  
        UserInfo userInfo =null;  
        List<UserInfo> users =new ArrayList<UserInfo>();  
        try{  
            PreparedStatement ps=Db.prepare(conn, sql);  
            ResultSet rs= ps.executeQuery();  
            while(rs.next()){  
                userInfo = new UserInfo();  
                userInfo.setId(rs.getInt("id"));  
                userInfo.setName(rs.getString("name"));  
                users.add(userInfo);  
            }  
            Db.close(rs);  
            Db.close(ps);  
            Db.close(conn);  
        }catch (Exception e){  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
        return users;  
    }  
  
    public void addUser(UserInfo userInfo){  
        Connection conn=Db.createConnection();  
        String sql="insert into user (id, name) values(?,?)";  
  
        try{  
            PreparedStatement ps=Db.prepare(conn, sql);  
            ps.setInt(1, userInfo.getId());  
            ps.setString(2, userInfo.getName());  
            ps.executeUpdate();  
  
            Db.close(ps);  
            Db.close(conn);  
        }catch (Exception e){  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
    }  
}  



6.采用非异步提交后转向的jsp:user.jsp


<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>  
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>  
<html>  
<head>  
    <title></title>  
</head>  
<body>  
    <div id="u">  
        <s:iterator value="userList" var="c">  
            <s:property value="#c.id"/> |  
            <s:property value="#c.name"/> |  
            </br>  
        </s:iterator>  
    </div>  
  
</body>  
</html>  




7.每个人都知道的应用程序配置文件:web.xml 

下面的http都多了一个空格,自行删除。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="h ttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
           xmlns:xsi="h ttp://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xsi:schemaLocation="h ttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
		  h ttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
           version="2.5">


    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
      </welcome-file-list>


    <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>








8.访问数据库类:Db.java


package com.agcro.jquery.util;  
import java.sql.*;  
/** 
 * Created by IntelliJ IDEA. 
 * UserInfo: Anyx 
 * Date: 12-4-15 
 * Time: 下午4:44 
 * To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates. 
 */  
public class Db {  
    public static Connection createConnection(){  
        Connection conn=null;  
        String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost/test";  
        String username="root";  
        String password="123";  
  
        try{  
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");  
            conn= DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);  
        }catch (Exception e){  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
        return conn;  
    }  
  
    public static PreparedStatement prepare(Connection conn, String sql){  
        PreparedStatement ps=null;  
  
        try{  
            ps=conn.prepareStatement(sql);  
        }catch (Exception e){  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
        return ps;  
    }  
  
    public static void close(Connection conn){  
        if(conn == null){  
            return;  
        }  
        try{  
            conn.close();  
            conn=null;  
        }catch (Exception e){  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
    }  
  
    public static void close(PreparedStatement ps){  
        try{  
            ps.close();  
            ps=null;  
        }catch(Exception e){  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
    }  
  
    public  static void close(ResultSet rs){  
        try{  
            rs.close();  
            rs=null;  
        }catch (Exception e){  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
    }  
  
}  



我的工程结构:



struts2+jQuery+ajax调用演示_第1张图片


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