Qt5官方demo解析集23——Extending QML - Inheritance and Coercion Example

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接上文Qt5官方demo解析集22——Extending QML - Object and List Property Types Example


在上一个例子中,我们为BirthdayParty类创建了带有一个列表参数的属性guests,而这个列表参数的类型都是一致的,即Person。然而,使用QML的类型转换机制,我们可以使这个列表参数的类型变得不同。既然说到了这里,我们先来看看example.qml:

import People 1.0

// ![0]
BirthdayParty {
    host: Boy {
        name: "Bob Jones"
        shoeSize: 12
    }
    guests: [                       // 要知道注册属性使我们需要给其一个固定的参数类型,如int,bool,甚至自定义的类型
        Boy { name: "Leo Hodges" }, // 因此想要得到该代码的效果我们需要使用继承
        Boy { name: "Jack Smith" }, // Boy与Girl均继承自Person,而我们仅仅将guests注册为Person就够了
        Girl { name: "Anne Brown" }
    ]
}
// ![0]

由于BirthdayParty类的代码没有改变,我们就看看Person.h:

#ifndef PERSON_H
#define PERSON_H

#include <QObject>

class Person : public QObject       // Person也没有改动
{
    Q_OBJECT
    Q_PROPERTY(QString name READ name WRITE setName)
    Q_PROPERTY(int shoeSize READ shoeSize WRITE setShoeSize)
public:
    Person(QObject *parent = 0);

    QString name() const;
    void setName(const QString &);

    int shoeSize() const;
    void setShoeSize(int);
private:
    QString m_name;
    int m_shoeSize;
};


// ![0]
class Boy : public Person      // 创建一个Boy继承自Person
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    Boy(QObject * parent = 0); // 需要一个最基本的构造函数使得QML可以实例化这个对象
};

//! [girl class]
class Girl : public Person     // Girl同Boy
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    Girl(QObject * parent = 0);
};
//! [girl class]

// ![0]

#endif // PERSON_H

Person.cpp:
#include "person.h"

Person::Person(QObject *parent)
: QObject(parent), m_shoeSize(0)
{
}

QString Person::name() const
{
    return m_name;
}

void Person::setName(const QString &n)
{
    m_name = n;
}

int Person::shoeSize() const
{
    return m_shoeSize;
}

void Person::setShoeSize(int s)
{
    m_shoeSize = s;
}

// ![1]
Boy::Boy(QObject * parent)         // 由于该例子只是简单演示继承,因此也并未为派生类添加额外的功能
: Person(parent)
{
}


Girl::Girl(QObject * parent)       // 构造函数是必须的
: Person(parent)
{
}

// ![1]

main.cpp:

#include <QCoreApplication>
#include <QQmlEngine>
#include <QQmlComponent>
#include <QDebug>
#include "birthdayparty.h"
#include "person.h"

int main(int argc, char ** argv)
{
    QCoreApplication app(argc, argv);

    qmlRegisterType<BirthdayParty>("People", 1,0, "BirthdayParty");
    //![0]
    qmlRegisterType<Person>();   // 我们依然需要注册Person,否则Boy与Girl无法被强制转换为Person
    //![0]                       // 该函数参数为空,因为我们并不需要实例化一个Person的对象

    //![register boy girl]
    qmlRegisterType<Boy>("People", 1,0, "Boy");     // 注册Boy和Girl
    qmlRegisterType<Girl>("People", 1,0, "Girl");
    //![register boy girl]

    QQmlEngine engine;
    QQmlComponent component(&engine, QUrl("qrc:example.qml"));
    BirthdayParty *party = qobject_cast<BirthdayParty *>(component.create());

    if (party && party->host()) {
        qWarning() << party->host()->name() << "is having a birthday!";

        if (qobject_cast<Boy *>(party->host()))    // 判断主人为男孩还是女孩
            qWarning() << "He is inviting:";
        else
            qWarning() << "She is inviting:";

        for (int ii = 0; ii < party->guestCount(); ++ii)
            qWarning() << "   " << party->guest(ii)->name();
    } else {
        qWarning() << component.errors();
    }

    return 0;
}


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