线性布局(LinearLayout)是指view对象在父view中可按水平或垂直方向线性排列。
相对布局(RelativeLayout)是指view对象的排列依赖于各对象之间的相对位置。
下面是展示两者的小例子,同时展示如何启动一个新的Activity和监听Button按键事件的方式。
AndroidManifest.xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.luoye.layout" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0" > <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" android:targetSdkVersion="17" /> <application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:theme="@style/AppTheme" > <activity android:name="com.luoye.layout.MainActivity" android:label="@string/app_name" > <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> <activity //LinearLayout布局的Activity android:name="com.luoye.layout.Linear" android:label="Linear" > </activity> <activity //RelativeLayout布局的Activity android:name="com.luoye.layout.Relative" android:label="Relative" > </activity> </application> </manifest>
主Acitvity的布局文件:
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:orientation="vertical" > <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Layout Show" /> <Button android:id="@+id/button1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="LinearLayout" android:onClick="onClickListener" /> <Button android:id="@+id/button2" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="RelativeLayout" android:onClick="onClickListener" /> </LinearLayout>
线性布局的布局文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" > <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="0dip" android:layout_weight="1" android:background="#FF0000" /> <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="0dip" android:layout_weight="1" android:background="#0000FF" /> <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="0dip" android:layout_weight="1" android:background="#FFFF00" /> <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="0dip" android:layout_weight="1" android:background="#008000" /> </LinearLayout>
相对布局的布局文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" > <TextView android:id="@+id/tv1" android:text="Type here:" android:paddingLeft="16dp" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> <EditText android:id="@+id/et1" android:layout_below="@id/tv1" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:paddingLeft="16dp" android:paddingRight="16dp" /> <Button android:id="@+id/ok" android:layout_below="@id/et1" android:layout_alignParentRight="true" android:layout_marginRight="16dp" android:text="ok" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> <Button android:id="@+id/cancel" android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/ok" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignTop="@id/ok" android:text="cancel" /> </RelativeLayout>
MainActivity.java
package com.luoye.layout; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.View; public class MainActivity extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present. getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu); return true; } //实现Button的onClick事件,在布局文件中Button元素中声明了 public void onClickListener(View v) { Intent intent = new Intent(); switch(v.getId()) //按键来源判断 { case R.id.button1: intent.setClass(this, Linear.class); break; case R.id.button2: intent.setClass(this, Relative.class); break; } startActivity(intent); //启动对应布局的新的Activity } }
Linear.java
package com.luoye.layout; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; public class Linear extends Activity{ @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.linear); } }
Relative.java
package com.luoye.layout; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; public class Relative extends Activity{ @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.relative); } }
主面板效果:
点击LinearLayout按钮:
点击RelativeLayout按钮: