oracle-语句

 

执行脚本

    SQL> @ d:\test.sql;回车

 

查询包含指定字符串的记录

    select * from synonyms where instr(key,'冰')>0;

查询所有sequences

    select * from user_sequences

 

查询oralce主键(序列号)

    select BJPRODUCT_SEQUENCE.NEXTVAL from dual

 

组函数,与group by

    select max(id),max(name), bcn from product where brandid=1958778 group by bcn;

    //得到的结果集是一行,但max(id),max(name)不是来自一个记录的

    select count(cname),cname from brand having count(cname)>1 group by cname;

 

distinct过滤掉重复的值

    select count(distinct name) from brand group by name//组函数+字段组合查询时,group by

    比较区别,与下面2个

    select count(distinct name) from brand;

    select count(name) from brand;

 

转义字符&

    insert和update 时,用'||chr(38)||'代替'&'。

    即'A&T',改成'A'||chr(38)||'T',

    其中“||”是连接字符串的运算符

 

常用函数

    length()

    substr(name,1,2)==substr(name,0,2)推荐用(name,1,2)

    截取字符串name,从第一个字符开始算起,长度为2。[a,a+2)

    replace(name,(substr(name,4,1)),'昇')

    instr(key,'冰')>0;

    key字段值中包含'冰'的

    此时等效于where key like '%冰%'

 

函数可以嵌套使用

    update brand2 set cname=substr(cname,0,-4) where cname like'%uuuu'//2起始位,3长度都可为负数

    select count(cname),cname from brand having count(cname)>1 group by cname

    select distinct b.cname b_cname,p.bcn p_bcn from brand b,product p where p.brandid=b.id and INSTR(trim(p.bcn),trim(b.cname))=0 

 

分页查询:

    SELECT * FROM (  

        SELECT b.*,rownum num FROM brand b  WHERE rownum<61

    ) WHERE num>50;

    //必须先"<"或"<=",然后才能">"可能这样设计效率高些。

 

连接查询

    内连接

    Employee.emp_deptid = Department.deptid

    左外连接Employee.emp_deptid = Department.deptid(+)//#############################

    左外最常用。比如参数,参数值,参数可能没有参数值。

    右连接Employee.emp_deptid(+) = Department.deptid//等号右侧的所有记录均会被显示

    全外连接select * from param p FULL OUTER JOIN category c on (p.categoryid=c.id) where p.id>10

 

select * from (

     select  a1,count(*) from A1 group by a1,

    select  a2,count(*) from A2 group by a2,

    select  a3,count(*) from A3 group by a3,)order by 2  

 

)

//2 在这里的意思是按照第二列的值排序#################


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