将一个类的接口转换成客户希望的另外一个接口,从而使得原本由于接口不兼容而不能一起工作的类可以一起工作。该模式的目标是通过一个代理(这里是Adapter),在原来的类(Adaptee)和客户(Client)之间进行协调,从而达到兼容的目的。其核心是解决一致性的问题。
我们展示使用Adapter模式,通过下面的例子,在音频播放器只可以播放mp3文件,使用先进的音频播放器,可以播放VLC和mp4文件。
我们创建一个接口MediaPlayer接口和一个实现的MediaPlayer接口的具体类的AudioPlayer。AudioPlayer默认情况下,可以播放MP3格式的音频文件。
我们创建另一个接口AdvancedMediaPlayer和AdvancedMediaPlayer的具体实现类.这个具体实现类可以播放VLC和MP4格式的文件。
我们想的AudioPlayer播放其他格式。要达到这一点,我们已经创建了一个实现的MediaPlayer接口的适配器类MediaAdapter并使用AdvancedMediaPlayer对象,来播放所需的格式。
AudioPlayer使用适配器类MediaAdapter,,在不知道具体类的情况下,只需传递给它所需的音频类型,它就可以播放所需的格式。 AdapterPatternDemo这是我们的演示类,它将使用AudioPlayer类播放各种格式的。
MediaPlayer.java接口
package study_02.designpattern.adapter; public interface MediaPlayer { public void play(String audioType, String fileName); }
AdvancedMediaPlayer.java接口
package study_02.designpattern.adapter; public interface AdvancedMediaPlayer { public void playVlc(String fileName); public void playMp4(String fileName); }
package study_02.designpattern.adapter; public class VlcPlayer implements AdvancedMediaPlayer{ @Override public void playVlc(String fileName) { System.out.println("Playing vlc file. Name: "+ fileName); } @Override public void playMp4(String fileName) { //do nothing } }
package study_02.designpattern.adapter; public class Mp4Player implements AdvancedMediaPlayer{ @Override public void playVlc(String fileName) { //do nothing } @Override public void playMp4(String fileName) { System.out.println("Playing mp4 file. Name: "+ fileName); } }
package study_02.designpattern.adapter; public class MediaAdapter implements MediaPlayer { AdvancedMediaPlayer advancedMusicPlayer; public MediaAdapter(String audioType){ if(audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("vlc") ){ advancedMusicPlayer = new VlcPlayer(); } else if (audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("mp4")){ advancedMusicPlayer = new Mp4Player(); } } @Override public void play(String audioType, String fileName) { if(audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("vlc")){ advancedMusicPlayer.playVlc(fileName); }else if(audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("mp4")){ advancedMusicPlayer.playMp4(fileName); } } }
package study_02.designpattern.adapter; public class AudioPlayer implements MediaPlayer { MediaAdapter mediaAdapter; @Override public void play(String audioType, String fileName) { //inbuilt support to play mp3 music files if(audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("mp3")){ System.out.println("Playing mp3 file. Name: "+ fileName); } //mediaAdapter is providing support to play other file formats else if(audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("vlc") || audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("mp4")){ mediaAdapter = new MediaAdapter(audioType); mediaAdapter.play(audioType, fileName); } else{ System.out.println("Invalid media. "+ audioType + " format not supported"); } } }
package study_02.designpattern.adapter; public class AdapterPatternDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { AudioPlayer audioPlayer = new AudioPlayer(); audioPlayer.play("mp3", "beyond the horizon.mp3"); audioPlayer.play("mp4", "alone.mp4"); audioPlayer.play("vlc", "far far away.vlc"); audioPlayer.play("avi", "mind me.avi"); } }
Playing mp3 file. Name: beyond the horizon.mp3
Playing mp4 file. Name: alone.mp4
Playing vlc file. Name: far far away.vlc
Invalid media. avi format not supported
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/design_pattern/adapter_pattern.htm