详解JBOSS系列一（利用JNDI，EJB远程调用本地的Bean）
1.前言
最近在公司里面做项目，用的是SpringMVC+EJB+JBOSS+Jpa。在整个框架中，唯一难于理解的是JBOSS的相关配置，尤其是JBOSS从5以后，在版本上做了一个很大的改变，例如加入了一些安全认证，域模式等，于是想写几篇博客来学习一下JBOSS6的有关应用。整个过程用的的JBOSS EAP6.2的版本。本篇博客就先从一个例子来讲一下，有关通过JBOSS，远程调用EJB本地Bean。所有的知识内容翻译自官网。JBOSS官网
2.从一个Demo讲起
先通过一个Demo，运行起来看一下效果，后面再来详细的解释一下，整个Demo中的配置。
2.1 建立远程Bean（限于篇幅限制，只把Bean的实现放在这里，接口就不在放置了）
有状态远程CounterBean
<span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:18px;"> package com.tgb; import javax.ejb.Remote; import javax.ejb.Stateful; /** * @author LUCKY */ @Stateful @Remote(RemoteCounter.class) public class CounterBean implements RemoteCounter { private int count = 0; @Override public void increment() { this.count++; } @Override public void decrement() { this.count--; } @Override public int getCount() { return this.count; } } </span>
无状态远程CalculatorBean
<span style="font-family:SimSun;font-size:18px;"> package com.tgb; import javax.ejb.Remote; import javax.ejb.Stateless; /** * @author LUCKY */ @Stateless @Remote(RemoteCalculator.class) public class CalculatorBean implements RemoteCalculator { @Override public int add(int a, int b) { return a + b; } @Override public int subtract(int a, int b) { return a - b; } } </span>
2.2 部署远程服务端把上面的远程的Bean，打成jar包，放置到jboss中，命名为ejb-service，并且启动jboss，出现下面，即为成功部署。另外JBOSS6.2的部署目录结构为JBOSS_HOME\standalone\deployments
2.3 客户端远程调用
废话不多说了，直接上Demo吧
package main;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import javax.naming.Context;
import javax.naming.InitialContext;
import javax.naming.NamingException;
import com.tgb.RemoteCalculator;
import com.tgb.RemoteCounter;
/**
* A sample program which acts a remote client for a EJB deployed on AS7 server. This program shows how to lookup stateful and
* stateless beans via JNDI and then invoke on them
*/
public class RemoteEJBClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// Invoke a stateless bean
invokeStatelessBean();
// Invoke a stateful bean
invokeStatefulBean();
}
/**
* Looks up a stateless bean and invokes on it
*
* @throws NamingException
*/
private static void invokeStatelessBean() throws NamingException {
// Let's lookup the remote stateless calculator
final RemoteCalculator statelessRemoteCalculator = lookupRemoteStatelessCalculator();
System.out.println("Obtained a remote stateless calculator for invocation");
// invoke on the remote calculator
int a = 204;
int b = 340;
System.out.println("Adding " + a + " and " + b + " via the remote stateless calculator deployed on the server");
int sum = statelessRemoteCalculator.add(a, b);
System.out.println("Remote calculator returned sum = " + sum);
if (sum != a + b) {
throw new RuntimeException("Remote stateless calculator returned an incorrect sum " + sum + " ,expected sum was "
+ (a + b));
}
// try one more invocation, this time for subtraction
int num1 = 3434;
int num2 = 2332;
System.out.println("Subtracting " + num2 + " from " + num1
+ " via the remote stateless calculator deployed on the server");
int difference = statelessRemoteCalculator.subtract(num1, num2);
System.out.println("Remote calculator returned difference = " + difference);
if (difference != num1 - num2) {
throw new RuntimeException("Remote stateless calculator returned an incorrect difference " + difference
+ " ,expected difference was " + (num1 - num2));
}
}
/**
* Looks up a stateful bean and invokes on it
*
* @throws NamingException
*/
private static void invokeStatefulBean() throws NamingException {
// Let's lookup the remote stateful counter
final RemoteCounter statefulRemoteCounter = lookupRemoteStatefulCounter();
System.out.println("Obtained a remote stateful counter for invocation");
// invoke on the remote counter bean
final int NUM_TIMES = 5;
System.out.println("Counter will now be incremented " + NUM_TIMES + " times");
for (int i = 0; i < NUM_TIMES; i++) {
System.out.println("Incrementing counter");
statefulRemoteCounter.increment();
System.out.println("Count after increment is " + statefulRemoteCounter.getCount());
}
// now decrementing
System.out.println("Counter will now be decremented " + NUM_TIMES + " times");
for (int i = NUM_TIMES; i > 0; i--) {
System.out.println("Decrementing counter");
statefulRemoteCounter.decrement();
System.out.println("Count after decrement is " + statefulRemoteCounter.getCount());
}
}
/**
* Looks up and returns the proxy to remote stateless calculator bean
*
* @return
* @throws NamingException
*/
private static RemoteCalculator lookupRemoteStatelessCalculator() throws NamingException {
final Hashtable jndiProperties = new Hashtable();
jndiProperties.put(Context.URL_PKG_PREFIXES, "org.jboss.ejb.client.naming");
final Context context = new InitialContext(jndiProperties);
// The JNDI lookup name for a stateless session bean has the syntax of:
// ejb:<appName>/<moduleName>/<distinctName>/<beanName>!<viewClassName>
//
// <appName> The application name is the name of the EAR that the EJB is deployed in
// (without the .ear). If the EJB JAR is not deployed in an EAR then this is
// blank. The app name can also be specified in the EAR's application.xml
//
// <moduleName> By the default the module name is the name of the EJB JAR file (without the
// .jar suffix). The module name might be overridden in the ejb-jar.xml
//
// <distinctName> : AS7 allows each deployment to have an (optional) distinct name.
// This example does not use this so leave it blank.
//
// <beanName> : The name of the session been to be invoked.
//
// <viewClassName>: The fully qualified classname of the remote interface. Must include
// the whole package name.
// let's do the lookup
return (RemoteCalculator) context.lookup("ejb:/ejb-service/CalculatorBean!"
+ RemoteCalculator.class.getName());
}
/**
* Looks up and returns the proxy to remote stateful counter bean
*
* @return
* @throws NamingException
*/
private static RemoteCounter lookupRemoteStatefulCounter() throws NamingException {
final Hashtable jndiProperties = new Hashtable();
jndiProperties.put(Context.URL_PKG_PREFIXES, "org.jboss.ejb.client.naming");
final Context context = new InitialContext(jndiProperties);
// The JNDI lookup name for a stateful session bean has the syntax of:
// ejb:<appName>/<moduleName>/<distinctName>/<beanName>!<viewClassName>?stateful
//
// <appName> The application name is the name of the EAR that the EJB is deployed in
// (without the .ear). If the EJB JAR is not deployed in an EAR then this is
// blank. The app name can also be specified in the EAR's application.xml
//
// <moduleName> By the default the module name is the name of the EJB JAR file (without the
// .jar suffix). The module name might be overridden in the ejb-jar.xml
//
// <distinctName> : AS7 allows each deployment to have an (optional) distinct name.
// This example does not use this so leave it blank.
//
// <beanName> : The name of the session been to be invoked.
//
// <viewClassName>: The fully qualified classname of the remote interface. Must include
// the whole package name.
// let's do the lookup
return (RemoteCounter) context.lookup("ejb:/ejb-service/CounterBean!"
+ RemoteCounter.class.getName() + "?stateful");
}
}
remote.connectionprovider.create.options.org.xnio.Options.SSL_ENABLED=false remote.connections=default remote.connection.default.host=localhost remote.connection.default.port = 4447 remote.connection.default.connect.options.org.xnio.Options.SASL_POLICY_NOANONYMOUS=false
3 Demo详解
上面的Demo来自于官方网站，并且每一行都有详细的注释，下面的就带大家来分析一下，整个Demo中的关键点。
3.1 JNDI命名规则
For stateless beans
ejb:<appName>/<moduleName>/<distinctName>/<beanName>!<viewClassName>
For stateful beans
ejb:<appName>/<moduleName>/<distinctName>/<beanName>!<viewClassName>?stateful
首先ejb：命名空间，表明了，这是一个有关于EJB的远程调用的实例，其余的部分的解释如下
app-name：这是一个有关于.ear的前缀名称，如果我们部署在jboss中的是.ear结尾的文件的话，那么这个app-name就代表的是除去前缀的名称，例如如果我部署的是ejb-server.ear的话，那么app-name就代表的是ejb-server，如果没有的话，则为空表示，需要注意的是，前面没有斜线
module-name：这是有关于.jar包的前缀，正如我们这个例子中，我们把服务端最后打成了一个ejb-server.jar包，那么前缀就是ejb-server，这个模块的名称也可以为空，也可以重写
distinct-name：这是一个可选的名称，可以为空
bean-name：这是我们需要远程调用的bean的名称，记住这里是实现的bean的名称，不是接口的名称
viewClassName：这是我们所要调用bean的接口的全名，包括包的名称例如一个远程调用的bean的接口是RemoteCalculator，则这里必须是包名+类名，即为com.tgb.RemoteCalculator。再次需要注意的是，如果是有状态的bean的话，需要加上？stateful。下面再看我们上面例子的话，有状态的bean的全称为
ejb:/ejb-service/CounterBean!com.tgb.RemoteCounter?stateful
因为我们没有打ear包，所以名称可以省略。
3.2 jboss-ejb-client.properties详解
接下来我们来分析一下，有关JNDI properties的配置。
jndiProperties.put(Context.URL_PKG_PREFIXES, "org.jboss.ejb.client.naming");
上面的Context.URL_PKG_PREFIXES是为了我们让JDNI API知道，我们目前带调用的是EJB命名空间的bean