uvc摄像头代码解析7
13.uvc视频初始化
13.1 uvc数据流控制
struct uvc_streaming_control {
__u16 bmHint;
__u8 bFormatIndex; //视频格式索引
__u8 bFrameIndex; //视频帧索引
__u32 dwFrameInterval; //视频帧间隔
__u16 wKeyFrameRate; //
__u16 wPFrameRate;
__u16 wCompQuality;
__u16 wCompWindowSize;
__u16 wDelay; //延时
__u32 dwMaxVideoFrameSize; //最大视频帧大小
__u32 dwMaxPayloadTransferSize;
__u32 dwClockFrequency; //时钟频率
__u8 bmFramingInfo;
__u8 bPreferedVersion;
__u8 bMinVersion; //版本
__u8 bMaxVersion; //版本
} __attribute__((__packed__));
13.2 uvc_video_init
int uvc_video_init(struct uvc_streaming *stream)
{
struct uvc_streaming_control *probe = &stream->ctrl; //获取uvc数据流的uvs数据流控制对象
struct uvc_format *format = NULL;
struct uvc_frame *frame = NULL;
unsigned int i;
int ret;
if (stream->nformats == 0) {
uvc_printk(KERN_INFO, "No supported video formats found.\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
atomic_set(&stream->active, 0);
uvc_queue_init(&stream->queue, stream->type, !uvc_no_drop_param); //初始化视频缓冲区队列
usb_set_interface(stream->dev->udev, stream->intfnum, 0); //选择Alt.Setting 0
if (uvc_get_video_ctrl(stream, probe, 1, UVC_GET_DEF) == 0) //VS_PROBE_CONTROL(GET_DEF)
uvc_set_video_ctrl(stream, probe, 1); //VS_PROBE_CONTROL(SET_DEF)
ret = uvc_get_video_ctrl(stream, probe, 1, UVC_GET_CUR); //VS_PROBE_CONTROL(GET_CUR)
if (ret < 0)
return ret;
for (i = stream->nformats; i > 0; --i) { //获取对应的uvc格式
format = &stream->format[i-1];
if (format->index == probe->bFormatIndex) //匹配uvc格式索引值
break;
}
if (format->nframes == 0) {
uvc_printk(KERN_INFO, "No frame descriptor found for the default format.\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
for (i = format->nframes; i > 0; --i) {
frame = &format->frame[i-1]; //获取对应的uvc帧
if (frame->bFrameIndex == probe->bFrameIndex) //匹配uvc帧索引值
break;
}
probe->bFormatIndex = format->index; //设置uvc视频流控制的格式索引为uvc格式的索引
probe->bFrameIndex = frame->bFrameIndex; //设置uvc视频流控制的帧索引为uvc帧的索引
stream->cur_format = format; //设置uvc格式为uvc数据流的cur_format成员
stream->cur_frame = frame; //设置uvc帧未uvc数据流的cur_frame成员
/* Select the video decoding function 选择视频解码函数*/
if (stream->type == V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE) { //视频采集
if (stream->dev->quirks & UVC_QUIRK_BUILTIN_ISIGHT)
stream->decode = uvc_video_decode_isight;
else if (stream->intf->num_altsetting > 1)
stream->decode = uvc_video_decode_isoc; //同步方式
else
stream->decode = uvc_video_decode_bulk; //bluk方式
}
else { //视频播放
if (stream->intf->num_altsetting == 1)
stream->decode = uvc_video_encode_bulk;
else {
uvc_printk(KERN_INFO, "Isochronous endpoints are not supported for video output devices.\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
}
return 0;
}
13.2.1 初始化uvc队列
void uvc_queue_init(struct uvc_video_queue *queue, enum v4l2_buf_type type,int drop_corrupted)
{
mutex_init(&queue->mutex);
spin_lock_init(&queue->irqlock);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&queue->mainqueue); //初始化uvc视频队列mainqueue链表
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&queue->irqqueue); //初始化uvc视频队列irqqueue链表
queue->flags = drop_corrupted ? UVC_QUEUE_DROP_CORRUPTED : 0;
queue->type = type;
}
14.uvc V4L2设备
14.1 V4L2操作函数集
const struct v4l2_file_operations uvc_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.open = uvc_v4l2_open, //打开方法
.release = uvc_v4l2_release, //释放方法
.unlocked_ioctl = uvc_v4l2_ioctl, //控制方法
.read = uvc_v4l2_read, //读方法
.mmap = uvc_v4l2_mmap, //映射方法
.poll = uvc_v4l2_poll, //轮询方法
};
14.2 打开方法
14.2.1 相关结构体
struct uvc_fh {//uvc句柄
struct uvc_video_chain *chain; //uvc视频链
struct uvc_streaming *stream; //uvc视频流
enum uvc_handle_state state;
};
14.2.2 open
static int uvc_v4l2_open(struct file *file)
{
struct uvc_streaming *stream;
struct uvc_fh *handle;
int ret = 0;
uvc_trace(UVC_TRACE_CALLS, "uvc_v4l2_open\n");
stream = video_drvdata(file); //获取uvc视频流
if (stream->dev->state & UVC_DEV_DISCONNECTED) //设备没连接
return -ENODEV;
ret = usb_autopm_get_interface(stream->dev->intf); //唤醒设备
if (ret < 0)
return ret;
/* Create the device handle. */
handle = kzalloc(sizeof *handle, GFP_KERNEL); //创建uvc句柄
if (handle == NULL) {
usb_autopm_put_interface(stream->dev->intf);
return -ENOMEM;
}
if (atomic_inc_return(&stream->dev->users) == 1) {
ret = uvc_status_start(stream->dev); //uvc状态开始
if (ret < 0) {
usb_autopm_put_interface(stream->dev->intf);
atomic_dec(&stream->dev->users);
kfree(handle);
return ret;
}
}
handle->chain = stream->chain; //捆绑uvc句柄和uvc视频链
handle->stream = stream; //捆绑uvc句柄和uvc视频流
handle->state = UVC_HANDLE_PASSIVE; //设置uvc状态为未激活
file->private_data = handle; //将uvc句柄作为文件的私有数据
return 0;
}
14.2.2.1 uvc_status_start启动状态
int uvc_status_start(struct uvc_device *dev)
{
if (dev->int_urb == NULL)
return 0;
return usb_submit_urb(dev->int_urb, GFP_KERNEL); //提交urb
} 参看 12.uvc状态初始化
14.3 控制方法
14.3.1 V4L2的控制方式可以参考下面的资料
linux媒体接口API
http://linuxtv.org/downloads/v4l-dvb-apis/
常用的命令
常用的命令
VIDIOC_REQBUFS：分配内存 VIDIOC_QUERYBUF：把VIDIOC_REQBUFS中分配的数据缓存转换成物理地址 VIDIOC_QUERYCAP：查询驱动功能 VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT：获取当前驱动支持的视频格式 VIDIOC_S_FMT：设置当前驱动的频捕获格式 VIDIOC_G_FMT：读取当前驱动的频捕获格式 VIDIOC_TRY_FMT：验证当前驱动的显示格式 VIDIOC_CROPCAP：查询驱动的修剪能力 VIDIOC_S_CROP：设置视频信号的边框 VIDIOC_G_CROP：读取视频信号的边框 VIDIOC_QBUF：把数据从缓存中读取出来 VIDIOC_DQBUF：把数据放回缓存队列 VIDIOC_STREAMON：开始视频显示函数 VIDIOC_STREAMOFF：结束视频显示函数 VIDIOC_QUERYSTD：检查当前视频设备支持的标准，例如PAL或NTSC。14.3.2 uvc设备V4L2控制方法uvc_v4l2_do_ioctl
static long uvc_v4l2_do_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, void *arg)
{
struct video_device *vdev = video_devdata(file);//获取V4L2设备
struct uvc_fh *handle = file->private_data;//获取uvc句柄
struct uvc_video_chain *chain = handle->chain;//获取uvc视频链
struct uvc_streaming *stream = handle->stream;//获取uvc视频流
long ret = 0;
switch (cmd) {
...
case ...:
{
...
break;
}
return ret;
}
a.VIDIOC_STREAMON 开始视频显示函数
case VIDIOC_STREAMON:
{
int *type = arg;
if (*type != stream->type)
return -EINVAL;
if (!uvc_has_privileges(handle))
return -EBUSY;
mutex_lock(&stream->mutex);
ret = uvc_video_enable(stream, 1); //uvc视频流使能
mutex_unlock(&stream->mutex);
if (ret < 0)
return ret;
break;
}
a.1 uvc视频流使能
int uvc_video_enable(struct uvc_streaming *stream, int enable)
{
int ret;
if (!enable) {
uvc_uninit_video(stream, 1);//逆初始化视频
usb_set_interface(stream->dev->udev, stream->intfnum, 0);
uvc_queue_enable(&stream->queue, 0);//uvc禁用队列
return 0;
}
ret = uvc_queue_enable(&stream->queue, 1); //uvc使能队列
if (ret < 0)
return ret;
/* Commit the streaming parameters. */
ret = uvc_commit_video(stream, &stream->ctrl); //uvc提交视频参数
if (ret < 0)
return ret;
return uvc_init_video(stream, GFP_KERNEL); //uvc初始化视频
} a.1.1 uvc使能队列
static int uvc_queue_enable(struct uvc_video_queue *queue, int enable)
{
unsigned int i;
int ret = 0;
mutex_lock(&queue->mutex);
if (enable) { //使能uvc队列
if (uvc_queue_streaming(queue)) { //判断队列标志是否为UVC_QUEUE_STREAMING
ret = -EBUSY;
goto done;
}
queue->sequence = 0;
queue->flags |= UVC_QUEUE_STREAMING; //设置队列标志
queue->buf_used = 0; //设置缓冲区使用标志
}
else {
uvc_queue_cancel(queue, 0); //取消uvc队列
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&queue->mainqueue); //重新初始化uvc队列mainqueue队列头
for (i = 0; i < queue->count; ++i)
queue->buffer[i].state = UVC_BUF_STATE_IDLE; //设置缓冲区状态为闲置态
queue->flags &= ~UVC_QUEUE_STREAMING; //设置队列标志
}
done:
mutex_unlock(&queue->mutex);
return ret;
}
a.1.2 uvc提交视频参数
int uvc_commit_video(struct uvc_streaming *stream,struct uvc_streaming_control *probe)
{
return uvc_set_video_ctrl(stream, probe, 0); //uvc设置视频控制
} a.1.3 uvc初始化视频
static int uvc_init_video(struct uvc_streaming *stream, gfp_t gfp_flags)
{
struct usb_interface *intf = stream->intf;
struct usb_host_endpoint *ep;
unsigned int i;
int ret;
stream->sequence = -1;
stream->last_fid = -1;
stream->bulk.header_size = 0;
stream->bulk.skip_payload = 0;
stream->bulk.payload_size = 0;
if (intf->num_altsetting > 1) { //同步方式
struct usb_host_endpoint *best_ep = NULL;
unsigned int best_psize = 3 * 1024;
unsigned int bandwidth;
unsigned int uninitialized_var(altsetting);
int intfnum = stream->intfnum;
/* Isochronous endpoint, select the alternate setting. */
bandwidth = stream->ctrl.dwMaxPayloadTransferSize;
if (bandwidth == 0) {
uvc_trace(UVC_TRACE_VIDEO, "Device requested null bandwidth, defaulting to lowest.\n");
bandwidth = 1;
}
else {
uvc_trace(UVC_TRACE_VIDEO, "Device requested %u B/frame bandwidth.\n", bandwidth);
}
for (i = 0; i < intf->num_altsetting; ++i) {
struct usb_host_interface *alts;
unsigned int psize;
alts = &intf->altsetting[i];
ep = uvc_find_endpoint(alts,stream->header.bEndpointAddress);
if (ep == NULL)
continue;
/* Check if the bandwidth is high enough. */
psize = le16_to_cpu(ep->desc.wMaxPacketSize);
psize = (psize & 0x07ff) * (1 + ((psize >> 11) & 3));
if (psize >= bandwidth && psize <= best_psize) {
altsetting = i;
best_psize = psize;
best_ep = ep;
}
}
if (best_ep == NULL) {
uvc_trace(UVC_TRACE_VIDEO, "No fast enough alt setting for requested bandwidth.\n");
return -EIO;
}
uvc_trace(UVC_TRACE_VIDEO, "Selecting alternate setting %u (%u B/frame bandwidth).\n", altsetting, best_psize);
ret = usb_set_interface(stream->dev->udev, intfnum, altsetting);
if (ret < 0)
return ret;
ret = uvc_init_video_isoc(stream, best_ep, gfp_flags); //uvc初始化视频(同步方法)
}
else { //Bulk方式
/* Bulk endpoint, proceed to URB initialization. */
ep = uvc_find_endpoint(&intf->altsetting[0],stream->header.bEndpointAddress);
if (ep == NULL)
return -EIO;
ret = uvc_init_video_bulk(stream, ep, gfp_flags); //uvc初始化视频(bulk方法)
}
if (ret < 0)
return ret;
/* Submit the URBs. */
for (i = 0; i < UVC_URBS; ++i) {
ret = usb_submit_urb(stream->urb[i], gfp_flags); //提交urb
if (ret < 0) {
uvc_printk(KERN_ERR, "Failed to submit URB %u (%d).\n", i, ret);
uvc_uninit_video(stream, 1);
return ret;
}
}
return 0;
}
a.1.3.1 同步方式
static int uvc_init_video_isoc(struct uvc_streaming *stream,struct usb_host_endpoint *ep, gfp_t gfp_flags)
{
struct urb *urb;
unsigned int npackets, i, j;
u16 psize;
u32 size;
psize = le16_to_cpu(ep->desc.wMaxPacketSize);
psize = (psize & 0x07ff) * (1 + ((psize >> 11) & 3));
size = stream->ctrl.dwMaxVideoFrameSize;
npackets = uvc_alloc_urb_buffers(stream, size, psize, gfp_flags); //分配urb缓冲区
if (npackets == 0)
return -ENOMEM;
size = npackets * psize;
for (i = 0; i < UVC_URBS; ++i) {
urb = usb_alloc_urb(npackets, gfp_flags); //分配urb
if (urb == NULL) {
uvc_uninit_video(stream, 1);
return -ENOMEM;
}
urb->dev = stream->dev->udev; //设置urb
urb->context = stream;
urb->pipe = usb_rcvisocpipe(stream->dev->udev,ep->desc.bEndpointAddress);
urb->transfer_flags = URB_ISO_ASAP | URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP;
urb->interval = ep->desc.bInterval;
urb->transfer_buffer = stream->urb_buffer[i];
urb->transfer_dma = stream->urb_dma[i];
urb->complete = uvc_video_complete;
urb->number_of_packets = npackets;
urb->transfer_buffer_length = size;
for (j = 0; j < npackets; ++j) {
urb->iso_frame_desc[j].offset = j * psize;
urb->iso_frame_desc[j].length = psize;
}
stream->urb[i] = urb;
}
return 0;
} a.1.3.2 Bluk方式
static int uvc_init_video_bulk(struct uvc_streaming *stream,struct usb_host_endpoint *ep, gfp_t gfp_flags)
{
struct urb *urb;
unsigned int npackets, pipe, i;
u16 psize;
u32 size;
psize = le16_to_cpu(ep->desc.wMaxPacketSize) & 0x07ff;
size = stream->ctrl.dwMaxPayloadTransferSize;
stream->bulk.max_payload_size = size;
npackets = uvc_alloc_urb_buffers(stream, size, psize, gfp_flags); //分配urb缓冲区
if (npackets == 0)
return -ENOMEM;
size = npackets * psize;
if (usb_endpoint_dir_in(&ep->desc))
pipe = usb_rcvbulkpipe(stream->dev->udev,ep->desc.bEndpointAddress);
else
pipe = usb_sndbulkpipe(stream->dev->udev,ep->desc.bEndpointAddress);
if (stream->type == V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT)
size = 0;
for (i = 0; i < UVC_URBS; ++i) {
urb = usb_alloc_urb(0, gfp_flags); //分配urb
if (urb == NULL) {
uvc_uninit_video(stream, 1);
return -ENOMEM;
}
usb_fill_bulk_urb(urb, stream->dev->udev, pipe,stream->urb_buffer[i], size, uvc_video_complete,stream); //设置urb
urb->transfer_flags = URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP;
urb->transfer_dma = stream->urb_dma[i];
stream->urb[i] = urb;
}
return 0;
}
a.1.3.1 同步方式和a.1.3.2 Bluk方式 两种方式初始化uvc视频主要是分配设置urb,然后在uvc_init_video函数中又通过usb_submit_urb提交了urb,两种方法的urb回调函数都是uvc_video_completea.2 urb回调函数uvc_video_complete
static void uvc_video_complete(struct urb *urb)
{
struct uvc_streaming *stream = urb->context;
struct uvc_video_queue *queue = &stream->queue;
struct uvc_buffer *buf = NULL;
unsigned long flags;
int ret;
switch (urb->status) {
case 0:
break;
default:
uvc_printk(KERN_WARNING, "Non-zero status (%d) in video completion handler.\n", urb->status);
case -ENOENT: /* usb_kill_urb() called. */
if (stream->frozen)
return;
case -ECONNRESET: /* usb_unlink_urb() called. */
case -ESHUTDOWN: /* The endpoint is being disabled. */
uvc_queue_cancel(queue, urb->status == -ESHUTDOWN);
return;
}
spin_lock_irqsave(&queue->irqlock, flags);
if (!list_empty(&queue->irqqueue))
buf = list_first_entry(&queue->irqqueue, struct uvc_buffer,queue);
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&queue->irqlock, flags);
stream->decode(urb, stream, buf); //调用uvc视频流的decode方法
if ((ret = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC)) < 0) { //再次提交urb
uvc_printk(KERN_ERR, "Failed to resubmit video URB (%d).\n",ret);
}
}
对于同步和bilk方式的decode方法分别是
stream->decode = uvc_video_decode_isoc;
stream->decode = uvc_video_encode_bulk;
这个在前面uvc_video_init函数中设置了
ok后面就开始解码了