使用Android NDK中的独立toolchain来开发C/C++程序

 

从网上可以找到一些ARM toolchain,但是由于Android系统使用的不是glibc而是Bionic libc。因此只能使用静态编译程序。

其实Android的NDK自带了toolchain,但是不能直接使用NDK目录内的toolchain,否则会出现找不到crtbegin_dynamic.o文件。

即使用-L指定目录或者直接放到gcc命令行也还是提示该文件找不到。(参考最后附上的链接)。

其实Android NDK提供了脚本来剥离出单独的toolchain,脚本的名字叫make-standalone-toolchain.sh


1. 下载Android NDK

http://developer.android.com/sdk/ndk/index.html

我用的是android-ndk-r6b


2. 提取toolchain


可以参考文档docs/STANDALONE-TOOLCHAIN.html

在linux系统中解压NDK,假设解压到/opt;

cd /opt/android-ndk-r6b/

build/tools/make-standalone-toolchain.sh --platform=android-8


expr: warning: unportable BRE: `^\\([^\\-].*\\)$': using `^' as the first character
of the basic regular expression is not portable; it is being ignored
expr: warning: unportable BRE: `^\\(--[^=]*\\)=.*$': using `^' as the first character
of the basic regular expression is not portable; it is being ignored
expr: warning: unportable BRE: `^--[^=]*=\\(.*\\)$': using `^' as the first character
of the basic regular expression is not portable; it is being ignored
Auto-config: --toolchain=arm-linux-androideabi-4.4.3
Copying prebuilt binaries...
Copying sysroot headers and libraries...
Copying libstdc++ headers and libraries...
expr: warning: unportable BRE: `^\\([^\\-].*\\)$': using `^' as the first character
of the basic regular expression is not portable; it is being ignored
expr: warning: unportable BRE: `^\\(--[^=]*\\)=.*$': using `^' as the first character
of the basic regular expression is not portable; it is being ignored
expr: warning: unportable BRE: `^\\(--.*\\)$': using `^' as the first character
of the basic regular expression is not portable; it is being ignored
expr: warning: unportable BRE: `^\\([^\\-].*\\)$': using `^' as the first character
of the basic regular expression is not portable; it is being ignored
expr: warning: unportable BRE: `^\\([^\\-].*\\)$': using `^' as the first character
of the basic regular expression is not portable; it is being ignored
expr: warning: unportable BRE: `^\\([^\\-].*\\)$': using `^' as the first character
of the basic regular expression is not portable; it is being ignored
expr: warning: unportable BRE: `^\\(--[^=]*\\)=.*$': using `^' as the first character
of the basic regular expression is not portable; it is being ignored
expr: warning: unportable BRE: `^--[^=]*=\\(.*\\)$': using `^' as the first character
of the basic regular expression is not portable; it is being ignored
Creating package file: /tmp/ndk-hansel/arm-linux-androideabi-4.4.3.tar.bz2
Cleaning up...
Done.


有一些警告没有关系,最终得到的是一个压缩包 /tmp/ndk-hansel/arm-linux-androideabi-4.4.3.tar.bz2

注意:这个是我的Linux机器上的目录。


3. 解压单独的toolchain

可以解压到任意目录,这里假设为/opt/


4.写个hello world 程序试试

hello.c

[cpp] view plain copy print ?
  1. #include <stdlib.h>
  2. #include <stdio.h>
  3. int main(int argc, char* argv[])
  4. {
  5. printf("Hello Andriod.\n");
  6. return 0;
  7. }

Makefile


[cpp] view plain copy print ?
  1. export PATH:=/opt/android/arm-linux-androideabi-4.4.3/bin:${PATH}
  2. CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-androideabi-
  3. CC=$(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc
  4. LD=$(CROSS_COMPILE)ld
  5. PROG=hello
  6. OBJS=hello.o
  7. $(PROG):$(OBJS)
  8. $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(OBJS)
  9. %.o:%.c
  10. $(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
  11. clean:
  12. rm -rf *.o $(PROG)

编译:

make

可以得到hello可执行文件。

$ file hello
hello: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), not stripped

可见是动态链接的。


上传到手机里执行。如果用数据线连接了手机,而且安装了Android SDK,可以使用adb命令。

adb push hello /system/sbin/hello

adb shell chmod 777 /system/sbin/hello
adb shell /system/sbin/hello

如果没有SDK,可以在手机里安装一个QuickSSHd程序,通过WiFi用Putty之类的软件连接到手机终端。通过SFTP来传送文件。


# ./hello
Hello Andriod.


注意: 手机需要有root权限

参考:

http://groups.google.com/group/android-ndk/browse_thread/thread/7506768ccf52cea2?pli=1

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