ArcSDE for Oracle 12.1.0.2 In-Memory组件测试

如今,内存数据库被大家广泛认可,懂得技术的人都明白,数据从磁盘读写肯定比在内存中读写要慢很多,而且目前也有很多内存数据已经有非常成熟的实施经验,当然,当今数据库的老大Oracle更加不会无视这个市场,很早就渲染他们Oracle12c的内存组件多么的牛叉,快到不行更是他们经常使用的词汇。

在今年7月22日,Oracle终于发布了12.1.0.2版本,当然最关注的就是这个In-Memory组件的使用了。下载地址:http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/database12c-linux-download-2240591.html 

在12c的In-Memory Option选件之中,数据在内存的独立区域中按照列式存储,数据是被压缩存放的,内存与列式压缩可以极大提升查询的性能,下图是IMO的示意图:

ArcSDE for Oracle 12.1.0.2 In-Memory组件测试_第1张图片

这是美国时间6月10日,拉里做的12c inmemory option的现场发布会。



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测试环境1:VM虚拟机  、Linux 5.5、4GB内存、Oracle12.1.0.2  数据介绍:非空间数据

1:连接到sys用户下,查看内存初始化参数的值

[oracle@oracle12c ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Wed Jul 30 23:25:42 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL> show parameter inm

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
inmemory_clause_default              string
inmemory_force                       string      DEFAULT
inmemory_max_populate_servers        integer     0
inmemory_query                       string      ENABLE
inmemory_size                        big integer 0
inmemory_trickle_repopulate_servers_ integer     1
percent
optimizer_inmemory_aware             boolean     TRUE

2:默认情况下内存参数inmemory_size是没有值得,用户需要手动修改参数值。

  • inmemory_clause_default:默认空值,表示需要显式的指定某个table才能in memory。INMEMORY,表示所有的new table都in memory;NO INMEMORY,和空值是一个意思。
  • inmemory_force:default:具有IN MEMORY属性的table,才会被选定以in memory的方式存储。OFF:即使具有IN MEMORY AREA被配置了,也不会有table以in memory的方式存储。ON:除非显式的指定NO INMEMORY的属性的table,其他的table都会以in memory方式存储。
  • inmemory_query:enable,可以进行inmemory_query;disable,禁用inmemory_query
  • inmemory_size:设置inmemory option的内存大小,注,不能动态调整。
  • inmemory_max_populate_servers :该参数设置用于将数据加载到内存的后台进程数量

SQL> alter system set inmemory_size=2G scope=spfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system set inmemory_max_populate_servers=2 scope=spfile;

System altered.

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 4294967296 bytes
Fixed Size                  2932632 bytes
Variable Size             603979880 bytes
Database Buffers         1526726656 bytes
Redo Buffers               13844480 bytes
In-Memory Area           2147483648 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> show parameter inm

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
inmemory_clause_default              string
inmemory_force                       string      DEFAULT
inmemory_max_populate_servers        integer     2
inmemory_query                       string      ENABLE
inmemory_size                        big integer 2G
inmemory_trickle_repopulate_servers_ integer     1
percent
optimizer_inmemory_aware             boolean     TRUE

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3:创建一个普通表,然后进行一个普通测试

SQL> create table t1 as select * from dba_objects;

Table created.

SQL> select bytes/1024/1024 from user_segments where segment_name='T1';

BYTES/1024/1024
---------------
           12.5

SQL> set timing on
SQL> set time on
01:53:00 SQL> set autot traceonly
01:53:07 SQL> select * from t1;

92177 rows selected.

Elapsed: 00:00:03.51

Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 3617692013

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation         | Name | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |      | 92177 |    10M|   429   (1)| 00:00:01 |
|   1 |  TABLE ACCESS FULL| T1   | 92177 |    10M|   429   (1)| 00:00:01 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------


Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
          2  recursive calls
          0  db block gets
       7596  consistent gets
       1546  physical reads
          0  redo size
   12280356  bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
      68146  bytes received via SQL*Net from client
       6147  SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
          0  sorts (memory)
          0  sorts (disk)
      92177  rows processed

我们从执行计划中可以看到,逻辑读7596个、物理读1546个。该表在数据库中占用空间约12.5MB。

4:创建同样的表在内存组件中进行测试

SQL> create table t2 as select * from dba_objects;

Table created.

SQL> set line 200

SQL> alter table t2 inmemory;

Table altered.

SQL>  select * from v$inmemory_area;

POOL                       ALLOC_BYTES USED_BYTES POPULATE_STATUS                CON_ID
-------------------------- ----------- ---------- -------------------------- ----------
1MB POOL                    1710227456    4194304 DONE                                3
64KB POOL                    419430400   51314688 DONE                                3

SQL> select count(*) from t2;

  COUNT(*)
----------
     92178

SQL> select * from v$inmemory_area;

POOL                       ALLOC_BYTES USED_BYTES POPULATE_STATUS                CON_ID
-------------------------- ----------- ---------- -------------------------- ----------
1MB POOL                    1710227456    8388608 DONE                                3
64KB POOL                    419430400   51445760 DONE                                3

SQL> set timing on
SQL> set time on
01:59:12 SQL> set autot traceonly
01:59:21 SQL> select * from t2;

92178 rows selected.

Elapsed: 00:00:03.42

Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1513984157

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                  | Name | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT           |      | 92178 |    10M|    31  (17)| 00:00:01 |
|   1 |  TABLE ACCESS INMEMORY FULL| T2   | 92178 |    10M|    31  (17)| 00:00:01 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
          5  recursive calls
          0  db block gets
          9  consistent gets
          0  physical reads
          0  redo size
    5016356  bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
      68146  bytes received via SQL*Net from client
       6147  SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
          0  sorts (memory)
          0  sorts (disk)
      92178  rows processed

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5:结论

从上面可以看出,当将表至于inmemory状态时,该数据并没有在内存中,我们可以查看v$inmemory_area表里面信息,我们需要执行一些SQL语句如select count(*) from table将表读入内存中,这时候查看v$inmemory_area表中可以看到增长的信息,可能我原来进行过相关测试,1M内存pool和64K内存pool都有相关的信息,我们可以进行压缩对比来查看行式存储和列式存储的比较。

02:12:21 SQL> select (51445760 +8388608 -51314688 -4194304)/1024/1024 MB from dual;

        MB
----------
     4.125

可以进行对比,行式存储为12.5MB,列式存储约4MB,如果数据量更大的话这个对比更加明显。


另外我们可以看到,使用in-memory组件,相关的逻辑读仅有5,而且没有物理读,这个也是该组件的高效之处。


但是我们细心的朋友也会发现一个问题,普通查询耗时3.51秒,但是内存组件查询耗时3.42秒,我们看到后者的指标要比前者漂亮的多,但是性能方面并没有想象中的提高,这个是为什么呢?

经过咨询,这个问题可能是:inmemory是列式存储,数据经过压缩的。它的优势是针对某些列的分析型操作。你如果只是把数据拿出来,数据库需要把列数据拼成行数据,相对于普通的行式存储还要干额外的工作,当然要慢了。


PS:因为虚拟机的问题,我们测试都是在同一条件下进行,结果可能有所不同,但是希望能够说明相关的问题。


6:其他

当然,Oracle也提供了In-Memory 的视图来帮助用户进行分析

v$im_segments

SQL> desc v$im_segments
 Name                                      Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
 OWNER                                              VARCHAR2(128)
 SEGMENT_NAME                                       VARCHAR2(128)
 PARTITION_NAME                                     VARCHAR2(128)
 SEGMENT_TYPE                                       VARCHAR2(18)
 TABLESPACE_NAME                                    VARCHAR2(30)
 INMEMORY_SIZE                                      NUMBER
 BYTES                                              NUMBER
 BYTES_NOT_POPULATED                                NUMBER
 POPULATE_STATUS                                    VARCHAR2(9)
 INMEMORY_PRIORITY                                  VARCHAR2(8)
 INMEMORY_DISTRIBUTE                                VARCHAR2(15)
 INMEMORY_DUPLICATE                                 VARCHAR2(13)
 INMEMORY_COMPRESSION                               VARCHAR2(17)
 CON_ID                                             NUMBER

SQL> select inmemory_size/1024/1024,bytes/1024/1024 from v$im_segments where segment_name='T2';

INMEMORY_SIZE/1024/1024 BYTES/1024/1024
----------------------- ---------------
                  4.125            12.5

user_tables表也会多了几项关于INMEMORY的相关信息

SQL> desc user_tables
 Name                                      Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
 TABLE_NAME                                NOT NULL VARCHAR2(128)
 TABLESPACE_NAME                                    VARCHAR2(30)
 CLUSTER_NAME                                       VARCHAR2(128)
 IOT_NAME                                           VARCHAR2(128)
 STATUS                                             VARCHAR2(8)
 PCT_FREE                                           NUMBER
 PCT_USED                                           NUMBER
 INI_TRANS                                          NUMBER
 MAX_TRANS                                          NUMBER
 INITIAL_EXTENT                                     NUMBER
 NEXT_EXTENT                                        NUMBER
 MIN_EXTENTS                                        NUMBER
 MAX_EXTENTS                                        NUMBER
 PCT_INCREASE                                       NUMBER
 FREELISTS                                          NUMBER
 FREELIST_GROUPS                                    NUMBER
 LOGGING                                            VARCHAR2(3)
 BACKED_UP                                          VARCHAR2(1)
 NUM_ROWS                                           NUMBER
 BLOCKS                                             NUMBER
 EMPTY_BLOCKS                                       NUMBER
 AVG_SPACE                                          NUMBER
 CHAIN_CNT                                          NUMBER
 AVG_ROW_LEN                                        NUMBER
 AVG_SPACE_FREELIST_BLOCKS                          NUMBER
 NUM_FREELIST_BLOCKS                                NUMBER
 DEGREE                                             VARCHAR2(10)
 INSTANCES                                          VARCHAR2(10)
 CACHE                                              VARCHAR2(5)
 TABLE_LOCK                                         VARCHAR2(8)
 SAMPLE_SIZE                                        NUMBER
 LAST_ANALYZED                                      DATE
 PARTITIONED                                        VARCHAR2(3)
 IOT_TYPE                                           VARCHAR2(12)
 TEMPORARY                                          VARCHAR2(1)
 SECONDARY                                          VARCHAR2(1)
 NESTED                                             VARCHAR2(3)
 BUFFER_POOL                                        VARCHAR2(7)
 FLASH_CACHE                                        VARCHAR2(7)
 CELL_FLASH_CACHE                                   VARCHAR2(7)
 ROW_MOVEMENT                                       VARCHAR2(8)
 GLOBAL_STATS                                       VARCHAR2(3)
 USER_STATS                                         VARCHAR2(3)
 DURATION                                           VARCHAR2(15)
 SKIP_CORRUPT                                       VARCHAR2(8)
 MONITORING                                         VARCHAR2(3)
 CLUSTER_OWNER                                      VARCHAR2(128)
 DEPENDENCIES                                       VARCHAR2(8)
 COMPRESSION                                        VARCHAR2(8)
 COMPRESS_FOR                                       VARCHAR2(30)
 DROPPED                                            VARCHAR2(3)
 READ_ONLY                                          VARCHAR2(3)
 SEGMENT_CREATED                                    VARCHAR2(3)
 RESULT_CACHE                                       VARCHAR2(7)
 CLUSTERING                                         VARCHAR2(3)
 ACTIVITY_TRACKING                                  VARCHAR2(23)
 DML_TIMESTAMP                                      VARCHAR2(25)
 HAS_IDENTITY                                       VARCHAR2(3)
 CONTAINER_DATA                                     VARCHAR2(3)
 INMEMORY                                           VARCHAR2(8)
 INMEMORY_PRIORITY                                  VARCHAR2(8)
 INMEMORY_DISTRIBUTE                                VARCHAR2(15)
 INMEMORY_COMPRESSION                               VARCHAR2(17)
 INMEMORY_DUPLICATE                                 VARCHAR2(13)


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测试环境2:IBM 笔记本 W500  、Linux 6.4、8GB内存、Oracle12.1.0.2、ArcSDE10.3  数据介绍:空间数据  ST_Geometry存储,内存参数设置为3GB

1:首先看一下数据情况,面状数据subdltb约300W条记录,查询数据也是面状数据query,里面包含一个大的要素

11:40:28 SQL> select count(*) from subdltb;

  COUNT(*)
----------
   2999999

Elapsed: 00:00:11.09
11:40:53 SQL> select sde.st_area(shape) from query where objectid=3;

SDE.ST_AREA(SHAPE)
------------------
        4.0640E+10

Elapsed: 00:00:00.42

2:使用ArcSDE for Oracle的ST_Intersects函数进行查询,然后进行sum求和

11:41:16 SQL> select sum(a.db2gse_st_) from subdltb a,query b where sde.st_intersects(a.shape,b.shape)=1 and b.objectid=3;

SUM(A.DB2GSE_ST_)
-----------------
       4451543224

Elapsed: 00:03:01.04

Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 2821153078

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

| Id  | Operation                                 | Name               | Rows  |Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT                          |                    |     1 |4648 |     2   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|   1 |  SORT AGGREGATE                           |                    |     1 |4648 |            |          |
|   2 |   NESTED LOOPS                            |                    | 27712 |122M |     2   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|   3 |    TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID            | QUERY              |     1 |2324 |     0   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|*  4 |     INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                     | R7_SDE_ROWID_UK    |     1 |     |     0   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|   5 |    TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID            | SUBDLTB            | 27712 |61M  |     2   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|*  6 |     DOMAIN INDEX (Sel: Default - No Stats)| SHAPE_92247_4_SIDX |       |     |    18E  (0)|          |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

   4 - access("B"."OBJECTID"=3)
   6 - access("SDE"."ST_INTERSECTS"("A"."SHAPE","B"."SHAPE")=1)

Note
-----
   - dynamic statistics used: dynamic sampling (level=2)


Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
     733910  recursive calls
          0  db block gets
     835491  consistent gets
      88615  physical reads
          0  redo size
        559  bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
        552  bytes received via SQL*Net from client
          2  SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
        677  sorts (memory)
          0  sorts (disk)
          1  rows processed

3:使用In-MEMORY组件进行测试

将相关要素类进行Inmemory

SQL> select * from v$inmemory_area;

POOL                       ALLOC_BYTES USED_BYTES POPULATE_STATUS                CON_ID
-------------------------- ----------- ---------- -------------------------- ----------
1MB POOL                    2565865472    4194304 DONE                                3
64KB POOL                    637534208   51642368 DONE                                3

SQL> alter table query inmemory;

Table altered.

SQL> select count(*) from query;

  COUNT(*)
----------
         4

SQL> select * from v$inmemory_area;

POOL                       ALLOC_BYTES USED_BYTES POPULATE_STATUS                CON_ID
-------------------------- ----------- ---------- -------------------------- ----------
1MB POOL                    2565865472    4194304 DONE                                3
64KB POOL                    637534208   51642368 DONE                                3

SQL> select bytes/1024 KB from user_segments where segment_name='QUERY';

        KB
----------
        64
我们发现,Query要素类并没有加入内存中,Oracle帮助有提示:Objects that are smaller than 64KB are not populated into memory ,Query数据刚好64KB。

然后将subdltb数据放入内存中。

SQL> alter table subdltb inmemory;

Table altered.

SQL> select count(*) from subdltb;

  COUNT(*)
----------
   2999999

SQL> select * from v$inmemory_area;

POOL                       ALLOC_BYTES USED_BYTES POPULATE_STATUS                CON_ID
-------------------------- ----------- ---------- -------------------------- ----------
1MB POOL                    2565865472  849346560 POPULATING                          3
64KB POOL                    637534208   52297728 POPULATING                          3

SQL> /

POOL                       ALLOC_BYTES USED_BYTES POPULATE_STATUS                CON_ID
-------------------------- ----------- ---------- -------------------------- ----------
1MB POOL                    2565865472 2554331136 DONE                                3
64KB POOL                    637534208   52953088 DONE                                3

我们看到,一开始查看v$inmemory_area的populate_status是populating,这是因为300W记录的数据,需要一定的时间写入内存中,所以需要稍等些时间状态才会变成DONE。然后查看一下v$im_segments表信息

SQL> select INMEMORY_SIZE/1024/1024,bytes/1024/1024 from v$im_segments where segment_name='SUBDLTB';

INMEMORY_SIZE/1024/1	BYTES/1024/1024
--------------------	---------------
1182.25			1025
我们发现,针对于ST_Geometry存储的数据,列式存储压缩之后比行式存储还要大,这个让人很不理解。

进行实际查询

SQL> set timing on
SQL> set time on
12:36:09 SQL> set autot on
12:36:16 SQL> select sum(a.db2gse_st_) from subdltb a,query b where sde.st_intersects(a.shape,b.shape)=1 and b.objectid=3;

SUM(A.DB2GSE_ST_)
-----------------
       4451543224

Elapsed: 00:03:00.14

Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 2821153078

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                                 | Name               | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT                          |                    |     1 |  4648 |  2     (0)   | 00:00:01 |
|   1 |  SORT AGGREGATE                           |                    |     1 |  4648 |              |          |
|   2 |   NESTED LOOPS                            |                    | 27712 |   122M|     2     (0)| 00:00:01 |
|   3 |    TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID            | QUERY              |     1 |  2324 |     0     (0)| 00:00:01 |
|*  4 |     INDEX UNIQUE SCAN                     | R7_SDE_ROWID_UK    |     1 |       |     0     (0)| 00:00:01 |
|   5 |    TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID            | SUBDLTB            | 27712 |    61M|     2     (0)| 00:00:01 |
|*  6 |     DOMAIN INDEX (Sel: Default - No Stats)| SHAPE_92247_4_SIDX |       |       |    18E  (0)  |          |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

   4 - access("B"."OBJECTID"=3)
   6 - access("SDE"."ST_INTERSECTS"("A"."SHAPE","B"."SHAPE")=1)

Note
-----
   - dynamic statistics used: dynamic sampling (level=2)


Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
     734531  recursive calls
          0  db block gets
     835836  consistent gets
      87819  physical reads
          0  redo size
        559  bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
        551  bytes received via SQL*Net from client
          2  SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
        455  sorts (memory)
          0  sorts (disk)
          1  rows processed

12:39:25 SQL> select sum(a.db2gse_st_) from subdltb a,query b where sde.st_intersects(b.shape,a.shape)=1 and b.objectid=3;

SUM(A.DB2GSE_ST_)
-----------------
       4451543224

Elapsed: 00:12:46.23

Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 209829830

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                     | Name            | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT              |                 |     1 |  4648 |  1851  (29)| 00:00:01 |
|   1 |  SORT AGGREGATE               |                 |     1 |  4648 |            |          |
|   2 |   NESTED LOOPS                |                 | 27712 |   122M|  1851  (29)| 00:00:01 |
|   3 |    TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| QUERY           |     1 |  2324 |     0   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|*  4 |     INDEX UNIQUE SCAN         | R7_SDE_ROWID_UK |     1 |       |     0   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|*  5 |    TABLE ACCESS INMEMORY FULL | SUBDLTB         | 27712 |    61M|  1851  (29)| 00:00:01 |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

   4 - access("B"."OBJECTID"=3)
   5 - filter("SDE"."ST_INTERSECTS"("B"."SHAPE","A"."SHAPE")=1)

Note
-----
   - dynamic statistics used: dynamic sampling (level=2)


Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
    1801418  recursive calls
          0  db block gets
       1124  consistent gets
         17  physical reads
          0  redo size
        559  bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
        551  bytes received via SQL*Net from client
          2  SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
          5  sorts (memory)
          0  sorts (disk)
          1  rows processed


看到这个结果,我觉得是否是空间索引表如果In memory是否有相关效果,结果发现,空间索引表不支持in memory,会报ora-64358错误

SQL> select index_id from st_geometry_index where table_name='SUBDLTB';

  INDEX_ID
----------
         2


SQL> alter table s2_idx$ inmemory;
alter table s2_idx$ inmemory
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-64358: in-memory column store feature not supported for IOTs

4:结论

通过对比可以看到,虽然在内存中进行查询,大家都知道,st_instersects(a,b)需要传入两个参数,该函数a参数会走空间索引,b参数走全表扫描,所以尽可能将数据量大的放到a参数的位置,我按照最高效的方式测试,发现这种方式与普通查询没有任何差别,不管是逻辑读还是物理读和普通查询区别不大,查询时间也基本类似,如果我更换顺序,走比较低效的查询方式,果然,从执行计划指标上看,在内存中进行全表扫描,而且物理读和逻辑读明显减少,但是执行效率更加低效。


在内存技术方面,甲骨文并没有采用SAP HANA的“全内存”架构,数据会根据不同的“温度”来选择不同的处理方式,包含传统硬盘、闪存和内存三个层级,而不是把全部的数据都放到内存当中。Andy Mendelsohn介绍,在Oracle Database In-memory当中,最活跃或者说最热的数据将放到内存中进行分析,活跃度相对较低的数据会采用闪存(事实上,Oracle数据库是最早拥抱闪存的产品之一,在Exadata上已经大面积使用了闪存存储),而温度最低、最不活跃的数据还是会采用传统磁盘来存储。根据不同需求的数据采取不同的策略,这样做的好处在于,客户不必采购大量的内存设备就可以获得最佳性能提升,降低了总体成本,提升了投资回报率。


目前,Oracle的 IN-MEMORY组件还处于研究阶段,这方面的资料还比较少,该问题还在不断研究中,希望能够得到一些有些的解决方法!



当然Oracle的IN-MEMORY OPTION作为一个刚刚发布的组件还没有经过项目的实践,这不已经可以看到关于它的Bug问题了。

Oracle: That BUG in our In-Memory Option will be fixed in October

http://www.theregister.co.uk/2014/07/31/oracle_in_memory_bug_fix

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参考文档:

Oracle 12c新特性:IN-Memory Option - 列存与压缩:http://www.eygle.com/archives/2014/07/oracle_12c_inmemory_option_two.html 
Oracle 12c In-Memory option:http://www.orasql.com/blog/archives/2014/07/23/12c_inmemory.htm 

【Oracle Database 12c新特性】In-Memory Option:http://www.askmaclean.com/archives/12c-in-memory-option.html
inmemory option的简单介绍和测试:http://www.oracleblog.org/study-note/in-memory-option-simple-test/



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