uboot-2010.03移植到2410(从nand启动)

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uboot-2010.03 移植到 2410( 从 nand 启动 )

【环境】

<a> Ubuntu 10.04 LTS 

<b> u-boot-2010.03 

<c> FS2410 主板， SAMSUNG S3C2410A 微处理器

<d> 交叉编译器 arm-linux-gcc-4.3.2

<e> Nand: Samsung K9F1208U0B ， 64M

 

【步骤】

Step1: 创建板级源码

<1> 解压

furtherchan@further:~/work$

tar -jxvf u-boot-2010.03.tar.bz2

<2> 进入板极源码目录

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03/board/samsung$ ls

smdk2400  smdk2410  smdk6400  smdkc100

 

<3> 拷贝一份最相似的平台代码：

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03/board/samsung$ cp -av smdk2410/ fs2410

`smdk2410/' -> `fs2410'

`smdk2410/Makefile' -> `fs2410/Makefile'

`smdk2410/config.mk' -> `fs2410/config.mk'

`smdk2410/flash.c' -> `fs2410/flash.c'

`smdk2410/smdk2410.c' -> `fs2410/smdk2410.c'

`smdk2410/lowlevel_init.S' -> `fs2410/lowlevel_init.S'

 

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03/board/samsung$ ls

fs2410  smdk2400  smdk2410  smdk6400  smdkc100

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03/board/samsung$ cd fs2410/

 

 

修改文件名

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03/board/samsung/fs2410$ mv smdk2410.c fs2410.c

 

修改 Makefile

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03/board/samsung/fs2410$ vim Makefile

COBJS    := smdk2410.o flash.o   →  COBJS    := fs2410.o flash.o

拷贝头文件

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03/board/samsung/fs2410$ cd ../../../include/configs/

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03/include/configs$ cp -v smdk2410.h fs2410.h

`smdk2410.h' -> `fs2410.h'

 

退回 U-Boot 根目录

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03/include/configs$ cd ../..

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$

 

 

<4> 修改顶级 Makefile

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ vim Makefile

smdk2410_config   :      unconfig

@$(MKCONFIG) $(@:_config=) arm arm920t smdk2410 samsung s3c24x0

 

 

在 3045 和 3046 行（即以上两句）下加入以下两句：

fs2410_config :      unconfig

@$(MKCONFIG) $(@:_config=) arm arm920t fs2410 samsung s3c24x0

 

<5> 编译

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ make fs2410_config

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ make

…...

arm-linux-objcopy -O srec u-boot u-boot.srec

arm-linux-objcopy --gap-fill=0xff -O binary u-boot u-boot.bin

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ ll -h u-boot.bin

-rwxr-xr-x 1 furtherchan furtherchan 99K 2010-07-05 20:25 u-boot.bin

此时编译生成的 u-boot.bin 文件还无法运行在 fs2410 开发板上，需要做以下修改 .

 

Step2: 修改平台相关信息

 

<1> 修改中断禁止部分

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ cd cpu/arm920t/

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03/cpu/arm920t$ vim start.S

# if defined(CONFIG_S3C2410)

ldr   r1, =0x3ff

ldr   r0, =INTSUBMSK

str   r1, [r0]

 

修改成如下：

# if defined(CONFIG_S3C2410)

ldr   r1, =0x7ff

ldr   r0, =INTSUBMSK

str   r1, [r0]

 

<2> 修改 SDRAM 刷新周期： board/samsung/fs2410/lowlevel_init.S

#define REFCNT                  1113 /* period=15.6us, HCLK=60Mhz, (2048+1-15.6*60) */

改成：

#define REFCNT                  1268       /* period=7.8125us, HCLK=100Mhz, (2048+1-7.8125*100) */

 

Step3: U-BOOT 增加 NAND 启动支持

<1> 修改命令提示符，在 include/configs/fs2410.h 中修改如下代码：

#define    CONFIG_SYS_PROMPT            "SMDK2410 # "

改成：

#define    CONFIG_SYS_PROMPT            "fs2410 # "

<2> 修改默认载入地址

#define    CONFIG_SYS_LOAD_ADDR             0x33000000

改成：

#define CONFIG_SYS_LOAD_ADDR      0x30008000

<3> 加入支持 nand 写

#define    CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_FLASH     1

改成：

#define    CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_NAND      1 /* common/env_nand.c */

并增加一句：

#define CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET  0x30000

 

<4> 调试过程

U-Boot 第一阶段完成后，跳转到第二阶段的主函数 lib_arm/board.c 中 271 行： void start_armboot (void) ，在该函数中有如下定义：

#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_NAND)

       puts ("NAND:  ");

       nand_init();            /* go init the NAND */

#endif

为了支持 NAND ，在 include/configs/fs2410.h 中添加如下代码：

#define CONFIG_CMD_NAND

 

添加完先编译一下：

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ make distclean

Generating include/autoconf.mk

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ make fs2410_config

Configuring for fs2410 board...

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ arm-linux-gcc -v

Using built-in specs.

Target: arm-none-linux-gnueabi

…...

gcc version 4.3.2 (Sourcery G++ Lite 2008q3-72)

 

编译，出现错误：

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-

make[1]: Entering directory `/home/furtherchan/work/u-boot-2010.03/drivers/mtd/nand'

…...   -o nand.o nand.c -c

nand.c:29: error: 'CONFIG_SYS_MAX_NAND_DEVICE' undeclared here (not in a function)

nand.c:32: error: 'CONFIG_SYS_NAND_BASE' undeclared here (not in a function)

make[1]: *** [nand.o] Error 1

make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/furtherchan/work/u-boot-2010.03/drivers/mtd/nand'

make: *** [drivers/mtd/nand/libnand.a] Error 2

 

在 include/configs/fs2410.h 中继续添加代码：

#define  CONFIG_SYS_MAX_NAND_DEVICE       1

#define  CONFIG_SYS_NAND_BASE      0x4E000000  

 

继续编译，出现错误：

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-

make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/furtherchan/work/u-boot-2010.03/cpu/arm920t'

…...

drivers/mtd/nand/libnand.a(nand.o): In function `nand_init_chip':

/home/furtherchan/work/u-boot-2010.03/drivers/mtd/nand/nand.c:48: undefined reference to `board_nand_init'

make: *** [u-boot] Error 1

板级 nand 初始化函数找不到，在 drivers/mtd/nand/ 目录下有个 s3c2410_nand.c 文件，一直不知道是什么时候用的，估计是需要调用该文件中的 board_nand_init() 。

查看 drivers/mtd/nand/nand.c ，其中 nand_init_chip 调用了 board_nand_init() ，同时在 /drivers/mtd/nand/s3c2410_nand.c 中有 board_nand_init() 函数，下面就要考虑如何把 s3c2410_nand.c 的 board_nand_init() 整到 nand.c 中。

分析该目录下的 Makefile ，用 s3c2410 关键字查询到如下内容：

COBJS-$( CONFIG_NAND_S3C2410 ) += s3c2410_nand.o

 

要使该行编译进工程，需定义 CONFIG_NAND_S3C2410 ，同样，在 include/configs/fs2410.h 中继续添加代码：

#define   CONFIG_NAND_S3C2410

 

继续编译：

furtherchan@further:~/work/u-boot-2010.03$ make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-

编译成功，烧写板子，输出如下信息：

fs2410 #

U-Boot 2010.03 (Jul 06 2010 - 13:22:17)

DRAM:  64 MB

Flash: 512 kB

NAND:  64 MiB

*** Warning - bad CRC or NAND, using default environment

In:    serial

Out:   serial

Err:   serial

Net:   CS8900-0

fs2410 # nand info

Device 0: NAND 64MiB 3,3V 8-bit, sector size 16 KiB

fs2410 # saveenv

Saving Environment to NAND...

Erasing Nand...

Erasing at 0x3c00000000001 --   0% complete.

Writing to Nand... done

fs2410 #

可见 nand 读写成功。

设好环境参数后启动，出现如下错误：

fs2410 # boot

NAND read: device 0 offset 0x40000, size 0x200000

  2097152 bytes read: OK

## Starting application at 0x30008000 ...

Uncompressing Linux................................................................................................................. done, booting the kernel.

Error: unrecognized/unsupported machine ID (r1 = 0x33f4fb6c).

Available machine support:

ID (hex)  NAME

000000c1       SMDK2410

0000015b       IPAQ-H1940

00000290       Acer-N30

0000014b       Simtec-BAST

000002a8       Nex Vision - Otom 1.1

00000400       AML_M5900

000001db       Thorcom-VR1000

00000454       QT2410

000003fe SMDK2413

000003f1 SMDK2412

00000377       S3C2413

00000474       VSTMS

000002de       Simtec-Anubis

0000034a       Simtec-OSIRIS

00000250       IPAQ-RX3715

0000016a       SMDK2440

000002a9       NexVision - Nexcoder 2440

0000043c       SMDK2443

Please check your kernel config and/or bootloader.

以上信息可见， machine Id 不匹配，由于本人的 zImage 之前在板子上跑是正确的，基本可断定 u-boot 平台 ID 传递错误：

fs2410 # bdinfo

arch_number = 0x000000C1

env_t       = 0x00000000

boot_params = 0x30000100

DRAM bank   = 0x00000000

-> start     = 0x30000000

-> size     = 0x04000000

ethaddr     = aa:2c:33:44:55:66

ip_addr     = 192.168.1.212

baudrate    = 115200 bps

以上 arch_number 转换成 10 进制即 193 ，在内核源码文件 include/asm-arm/mach-types.h 中有相应定义，在 u-boot 文件 include/asm-arm/mach-types.h

存在相同定义：

#define MACH_TYPE_SMDK2410             193

在 board/samsung/fs2410/fs2410.c 中有如下定义：

       /* arch number of SMDK2410-Board */

       gd->bd->bi_arch_number = MACH_TYPE_SMDK2410;

       /* adress of boot parameters */

       gd->bd->bi_boot_params = 0x30000100;

 

看来的确是 uboot 没有把参数传递给内核。

 

board/samsung/fs2410/fs2410.c

  : #include <asm/arch/s3c24x0_cpu.h>

include/asm-arm/arch-s3c24x0/s3c24x0_cpu.h

s3c24x0_cpu.h

内容如下 :

#ifdef CONFIG_S3C2400

       #include <asm/arch/s3c2400.h>

#elif defined CONFIG_S3C2410

       #include <asm/arch/s3c2410.h>

#else

       #error Please define the s3c24x0 cpu type

#endif

 

需要定义： CONFIG_S3C2410 ，在 fs2410.h 中已有该定义

 

解决：在 common/cmd_boot.c 中 do_go() 函数修改如下：

int

do_go (cmd_tbl_t * cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char *argv[])

{

  ulong addr, rc;

  int rcode = 0;

/************* Add by FurtherChan ************/

         char *commandline = getenv ("bootargs" );

         struct param_struct *my_params = (struct param_struct *) 0x30000100;

         memset (my_params, 0, sizeof (struct param_struct));

         my_params->u1.s.page_size = 4096;

         my_params->u1.s.nr_pages = 0x4000000 >> 12;

         memcpy (my_params->commandline, commandline, strlen (commandline) + 1);

/***************** Add end *******************/

  if (argc < 2)

    {

      cmd_usage (cmdtp);

      return 1;

    }

  addr = simple_strtoul (argv[1], NULL, 16);

  printf ("## Starting application at 0x%08lX .../n" , addr);

  /*    * pass address parameter as argv[0] (aka command name),

   * and all remaining args

   */

/*************** Add by FurtherChan *************/

__asm__ ("mov r1, #193/n"

              "mov      ip, #0/n"

              "mcr      p15, 0, ip, c13, c0, 0/n"

              "mcr      p15, 0, ip, c7, c7, 0/n"

              "mcr      p15, 0, ip, c7, c10, 4/n"

              "mcr      p15, 0, ip, c8, c7, 0/n"

              "mrc      p15, 0, ip, c1, c0, 0/n"

              "bic ip, ip, #0x0001/n"

              "mov pc, %0/n" "nop/n"

              :

              :"r" (addr)

              );

/***************** Add end ********************/

  rc = do_go_exec ((void *) addr, argc - 1, argv + 1);

  if (rc != 0)

    rcode = 1;

  printf ("## Application terminated, rc = 0x%lX/n" , rc);

  return rcode;

}

 

重新编译后，烧写，启动板子：

fs2410 # boot

NAND read: device 0 offset 0x40000, size 0x200000

  2097152 bytes read: OK

## Starting application at 0x30008000 ...

Uncompressing Linux................................................................................................................. done, booting the kernel.

Linux version 2.6.22.6 (furtherchan@further) (gcc version 4.3.2 (Sourcery G++ Lite 2008q3-72) ) #25 Thu Jul 1 16:25:29 CST 2010

CPU: ARM920T [41129200] revision 0 (ARMv4T), cr=00007177

Machine: SMDK2410

ATAG_INITRD is deprecated; please update your bootloader.

Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback

CPU S3C2410A (id 0x32410002)

S3C2410: core 202.800 MHz, memory 101.400 MHz, peripheral 50.700 MHz

…...

 

启动成功！