对request.getSession(false)的理解（附程序员常疏忽的一个漏洞）

【前面的话】

在网上经常看到有人对request.getSession(false)提出疑问，我第一次也很迷惑，看了一下J2EE1.3 API，看一下官网是怎么解释的。

 

 

【官方解释】

  getSession 

public HttpSession getSession(boolean create)

Returns the current HttpSession associated with this request or, if if there is no current session and create is true, returns a new session.

If create is false and the request has no valid HttpSession, this method returns null.

To make sure the session is properly maintained, you must call this method before the response is committed. If the container is using cookies to maintain session integrity and is asked to create a new session when the response is committed, an IllegalStateException is thrown.

Parameters: true - to create a new session for this request if necessary; false to return null if there's no current session

Returns: the HttpSession associated with this request or null if create is false and the request has no valid session

译：

getSession(boolean create)意思是返回当前reqeust中的HttpSession ，如果当前reqeust中的HttpSession 为null，当create为true，就创建一个新的Session，否则返回null；

简而言之：

HttpServletRequest.getSession(ture) 等同于 HttpServletRequest.getSession()

HttpServletRequest.getSession(false) 等同于 如果当前Session没有就为null；

 

 

【问题和bug】：

我周围很多同事是这样写的；
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HttpSession session = request.getSession();   // a new session created if no session exists， 哈哈！完蛋啦！如果session不存在的话你又创建了一个！  
String user_name = session.getAttribute("user_name"); 
HttpSession session = request.getSession();   // a new session created if no session exists， 哈哈！完蛋啦！如果session不存在的话你又创建了一个！
String user_name = session.getAttribute("user_name");

需要注意的地方是request.getSession() 等同于 request.getSession(true)，除非我们确认session一定存在或者sesson不存在时明确有创建session的需要，否则尽量使用request.getSession(false)。在使用request.getSession()函数，通常在action中检查是否有某个变量/标记存放在session中。这个场景中可能出现没有session存在的情况，正常的判断应该是这样：

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HttpSession session = request.getSession(false);  
if (session != null) {  
    String user_name = session.getAttribute("user_name");  
} 
HttpSession session = request.getSession(false);
if (session != null) {
    String user_name = session.getAttribute("user_name");
}

 

 

【投机取巧】：

如果项目中用到了Spring（其实只要是Java的稍大的项目，Spring是一个很好的选择），对session的操作就方便多了。如果需要在Session中取值，可以用WebUtils工具（org.springframework.web.util.WebUtils）的getSessionAttribute(HttpServletRequest request, String name)方法，看看高手写的源码吧：哈哈。。

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/** 
 * Check the given request for a session attribute of the given name. 
 * Returns null if there is no session or if the session has no such attribute. 
 * Does not create a new session if none has existed before! 
 * @param request current HTTP request 
 * @param name the name of the session attribute 
 * @return the value of the session attribute, or <code>null</code> if not found 
 */ 
public static Object getSessionAttribute(HttpServletRequest request, String name) {  
    Assert.notNull(request, "Request must not be null");  
    HttpSession session = request.getSession(false);  
    return (session != null ? session.getAttribute(name) : null);  
} 
 /**
  * Check the given request for a session attribute of the given name.
  * Returns null if there is no session or if the session has no such attribute.
  * Does not create a new session if none has existed before!
  * @param request current HTTP request
  * @param name the name of the session attribute
  * @return the value of the session attribute, or <code>null</code> if not found
  */
 public static Object getSessionAttribute(HttpServletRequest request, String name) {
  Assert.notNull(request, "Request must not be null");
  HttpSession session = request.getSession(false);
  return (session != null ? session.getAttribute(name) : null);
 }

注：Assert是Spring工具包中的一个工具，用来判断一些验证操作，本例中用来判断reqeust是否为空，若为空就抛异常。

上面的代码又可以简洁一下啦，看吧：

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HttpSession session = request.getSession(false);  
String user_name = WebUtils.getSessionAttribute(reqeust, "user_name");