struts1.x完整实例
1、简介
struts是WEB程序MVC分层架构中的C，属于控制层，主要进行处理用户的请求，基于请求驱动。获取用户的请求地址并将表单中的数据封装到Form对象后交给Action进行处理。在Action中进行条用业务层处理具体的请求后将结果通过ActionMapping封装跳转地址返回给用户。struts是对servlet的再次封装，使得更加灵活高效。下面以一个登录的实例讲解struts的开发过程。
2、在新建的web工程中添加以下struts1.x jar包
antlr-2.7.6.jar、commons-beanutils.jar、commons-digester.jar、commons-fileupload.jar、commons-logging-1.0.4.jar、commons-validator.jar、jakarta-oro.jar、struts.jar。
3、web.xml进行如下配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>MyStruts1Prj</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/conf/struts-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>3</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>detail</param-name>
<param-value>3</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
4、新建登陆页面login.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<%
String basePath = request.getContextPath();
%>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>登陆页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登陆页面</h1>
<hr>
<form action="<%=basePath %>/login.do" method="post" >
userName:<input id="userName" name="userName" type="text" /><br>
passWord:<input id="passWord" name="passWord" type="password" /><br>
<input type="submit" id="submit" name="submit" value="submit" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
5、新建登陆成功后的跳转页面loginSucces.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>登陆成功页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>欢迎[<%=request.getAttribute("userName") %>]登陆成功！</h1>
</body>
</html>
6、新建登陆失败后的跳转页面loginError.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>登陆失败页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登陆失败！</h1>
</body>
</html>
7、新建LoginActionForm.java
package com.lanp.webapp.form;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
/**
* 封装登陆表单数据的FORM类
* @author LanP
* @since 2012年4月11日23:07:09
* @version v1.0
*/
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class LoginActionForm extends ActionForm {
private String userName;
private String passWord;
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getPassWord() {
return passWord;
}
public void setPassWord(String passWord) {
this.passWord = passWord;
}
}
8、新建LoginAction.java
package com.lanp.webapp.action;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import com.lanp.webapp.form.LoginActionForm;
/**
* 处理登陆的Action类
* @author LanP
* @since 2012年4月11日23:07:09
* @version v1.0
*/
public class LoginAction extends Action {
@Override
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
String path = "error";
LoginActionForm loginActionForm = (LoginActionForm)form;
String userName = loginActionForm.getUserName();
String passWord = loginActionForm.getPassWord();
if(null != userName && "admin".equals(userName) && null != passWord && "admin".equals(passWord)) {
path = "success";
request.setAttribute("userName", userName);
} else {
path = "error";
}
return mapping.findForward(path);
}
}
9、配置struts-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd"> <struts-config> <form-beans> <form-bean name="loginActionForm" type="com.lanp.webapp.form.LoginActionForm"> </form-bean> </form-beans> <action-mappings> <action path="/login" type="com.lanp.webapp.action.LoginAction" name="loginActionForm" scope="request"> <forward name="success" path="/jsp/loginSucces.jsp" /> <forward name="error" path="/jsp/loginError.jsp" /> </action> </action-mappings> </struts-config>
OK，TKS！