使用oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall在Oracle Linux 6上简化安装Oracle11gR2
RHEL6/CentOS6/Oracle Linux6默认安装情况下，不包含图形化界面，网卡默认ONBOOT=NO。
安装的时候记得勾上Connect automatically和Desktop
The "Package Group Selection" screen allows you to select the required package groups, and individual packages within the details section. When you've made your selection, click the "Next" button. If you want the server to have a regular gnome desktop you need to include the following package groups from the "Desktops" section:
Desktops
Desktop
Desktop Platform
Fonts
General Purpose Desktop
Graphical Administration Tools
X Windows System
[root@db03 ~]# cat /etc/issue Oracle Linux Server release 6.3 Kernel \r on an \m [root@db03 ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@db03 yum.repos.d]# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol6.repo --2012-12-14 17:19:26-- http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol6.repo Resolving public-yum.oracle.com... 141.146.44.34 Connecting to public-yum.oracle.com|141.146.44.34|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 2201 (2.1K) [text/plain] Saving to: ?.ublic-yum-ol6.repo.1? 100%[=============================================================================================================================>] 2,201 --.-K/s in 0.001s 2012-12-14 17:19:36 (3.80 MB/s) - ?.ublic-yum-ol6.repo.1?.saved [2201/2201] [root@db03 yum.repos.d]# yum install oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, security ol6_UEK_latest | 1.2 kB 00:00 ol6_UEK_latest/primary | 4.7 MB 00:24 ol6_UEK_latest 113/113 ol6_latest | 1.4 kB 00:00 ol6_latest/primary | 23 MB 03:07 ol6_latest 18319/18319 Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall.x86_64 0:1.0-6.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: gcc-c++ for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: gcc for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libaio-devel for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libstdc++-devel for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: glibc-devel for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: compat-libstdc++-33 for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: ksh for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: compat-libcap1 for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-1 will be installed ---> Package compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6 will be installed ---> Package gcc.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: cpp = 4.4.6-4.el6 for package: gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: cloog-ppl >= 0.15 for package: gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64 ---> Package gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libmpfr.so.1()(64bit) for package: gcc-c++-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64 ---> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6_3.6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers = 2.12-1.80.el6_3.6 for package: glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.12-1.80.el6_3.6 for package: glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers for package: glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64 ---> Package ksh.x86_64 0:20100621-16.el6 will be installed ---> Package libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6 will be installed ---> Package libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package cloog-ppl.x86_64 0:0.15.7-1.2.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libppl_c.so.2()(64bit) for package: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libppl.so.7()(64bit) for package: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64 ---> Package cpp.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed ---> Package glibc.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6 will be updated --> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.12-1.80.el6 for package: glibc-common-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64 ---> Package glibc.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6_3.6 will be an update ---> Package glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6_3.6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers >= 2.2.1 for package: glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers for package: glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64 ---> Package mpfr.x86_64 0:2.4.1-6.el6 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6 will be updated ---> Package glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6_3.6 will be an update ---> Package kernel-uek-headers.x86_64 0:2.6.32-300.39.1.el6uek will be installed ---> Package ppl.x86_64 0:0.10.2-11.el6 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ======================================================================================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ======================================================================================================================================================================= Installing: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall x86_64 1.0-6.el6 ol6_latest 15 k Installing for dependencies: cloog-ppl x86_64 0.15.7-1.2.el6 ol6_latest 93 k compat-libcap1 x86_64 1.10-1 ol6_latest 17 k compat-libstdc++-33 x86_64 3.2.3-69.el6 ol6_latest 183 k cpp x86_64 4.4.6-4.el6 ol6_latest 3.7 M gcc x86_64 4.4.6-4.el6 ol6_latest 10 M gcc-c++ x86_64 4.4.6-4.el6 ol6_latest 4.7 M glibc-devel x86_64 2.12-1.80.el6_3.6 ol6_latest 970 k glibc-headers x86_64 2.12-1.80.el6_3.6 ol6_latest 600 k kernel-uek-headers x86_64 2.6.32-300.39.1.el6uek ol6_latest 716 k ksh x86_64 20100621-16.el6 ol6_latest 684 k libaio-devel x86_64 0.3.107-10.el6 ol6_latest 13 k libstdc++-devel x86_64 4.4.6-4.el6 ol6_latest 1.5 M mpfr x86_64 2.4.1-6.el6 ol6_latest 156 k ppl x86_64 0.10.2-11.el6 ol6_latest 1.3 M Updating for dependencies: glibc x86_64 2.12-1.80.el6_3.6 ol6_latest 3.8 M glibc-common x86_64 2.12-1.80.el6_3.6 ol6_latest 14 M Transaction Summary ======================================================================================================================================================================= Install 15 Package(s) Upgrade 2 Package(s) Total download size: 43 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: (1/17): cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64.rpm | 93 kB 00:00 (2/17): compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64.rpm | 17 kB 00:00 (3/17): compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64.rpm | 183 kB 00:00 (4/17): cpp-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm | 3.7 MB 00:10 (5/17): gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm | 10 MB 00:28 (6/17): gcc-c++-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm | 4.7 MB 00:13 (7/17): glibc-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64.rpm | 3.8 MB 00:12 (8/17): glibc-common-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64.rpm | 14 MB 00:40 (9/17): glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64.rpm | 970 kB 00:03 (10/17): glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64.rpm | 600 kB 00:01 (11/17): kernel-uek-headers-2.6.32-300.39.1.el6uek.x86_64.rpm | 716 kB 00:02 (12/17): ksh-20100621-16.el6.x86_64.rpm | 684 kB 00:01 (13/17): libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm | 13 kB 00:00 (14/17): libstdc++-devel-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm | 1.5 MB 00:04 (15/17): mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64.rpm | 156 kB 00:00 (16/17): oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64.rpm | 15 kB 00:00 (17/17): ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64.rpm | 1.3 MB 00:03 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 325 kB/s | 43 MB 02:14 warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY Retrieving key from http://public-yum.oracle.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-ol6 Importing GPG key 0xEC551F03: Userid: "Oracle OSS group (Open Source Software group) <[email protected]>" From : http://public-yum.oracle.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-ol6 Is this ok [y/N]: y Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : libstdc++-devel-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64 1/19 Updating : glibc-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64 2/19 Updating : glibc-common-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64 3/19 Installing : mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64 4/19 Installing : cpp-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64 5/19 Installing : compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64 6/19 Installing : ksh-20100621-16.el6.x86_64 7/19 Installing : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64 8/19 Installing : ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64 9/19 Installing : cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64 10/19 Installing : kernel-uek-headers-2.6.32-300.39.1.el6uek.x86_64 11/19 Installing : glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64 12/19 Installing : glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64 13/19 Installing : gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64 14/19 Installing : gcc-c++-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64 15/19 Installing : libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 16/19 Installing : oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64 17/19 Cleanup : glibc-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64 18/19 Cleanup : glibc-common-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64 19/19 Verifying : compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64 1/19 Verifying : ksh-20100621-16.el6.x86_64 2/19 Verifying : glibc-common-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64 3/19 Verifying : gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64 4/19 Verifying : libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 5/19 Verifying : oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64 6/19 Verifying : gcc-c++-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64 7/19 Verifying : glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64 8/19 Verifying : libstdc++-devel-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64 9/19 Verifying : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64 10/19 Verifying : glibc-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64 11/19 Verifying : mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64 12/19 Verifying : kernel-uek-headers-2.6.32-300.39.1.el6uek.x86_64 13/19 Verifying : cpp-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64 14/19 Verifying : glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6_3.6.x86_64 15/19 Verifying : ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64 16/19 Verifying : cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64 17/19 Verifying : glibc-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64 18/19 Verifying : glibc-common-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64 19/19 Installed: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall.x86_64 0:1.0-6.el6 Dependency Installed: cloog-ppl.x86_64 0:0.15.7-1.2.el6 compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-1 compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6 cpp.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 gcc.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6_3.6 glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6_3.6 kernel-uek-headers.x86_64 0:2.6.32-300.39.1.el6uek ksh.x86_64 0:20100621-16.el6 libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6 libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 mpfr.x86_64 0:2.4.1-6.el6 ppl.x86_64 0:0.10.2-11.el6 Dependency Updated: glibc.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6_3.6 glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6_3.6 Complete! [root@db03 yum.repos.d]#
Before installingOracle Database 11g on a system, you need to preconfigure the operating environment since the database requires certain software packages, package versions, and tweaks to kernel parameters. (Be sure to review the appropriate Oracle Database installation guide to familiarize yourself with hardware, software, and operating system requirements.)
On Oracle Linux, I discovered that there is a remarkably easy way to address these installation prerequisites: First install an RPM package called oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall. This RPM performs a number of preconfiguration steps, including the following:
Automatically downloading and installing any additional software packages and specific package versions needed forinstalling Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.3), with package dependencies resolved via yum or up2date capabilities.
Creating the user oracle and the groups oinstall (for OraInventory) and dba (for OSDBA), which are used during database installation. (For security purposes, this user has no password by default and cannot log in remotely. To enable remote login, please set a password using the passwd tool.)
Modifying kernel parameters in /etc/sysctl.conf to change settings for shared memory, semaphores, the maximum number of file descriptors, and so on.
Setting hard and soft shell resource limits in /etc/security/limits.conf, such as the locked-in memory address space, the number of open files, the number of processes, and core file size.
Setting numa=off in the kernel for x86_64 machines.
[root@db03 yum.repos.d]# cat /etc/sysctl.conf # Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux # # For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and # sysctl.conf(5) for more details. # Controls IP packet forwarding net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 # Controls source route verification net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 # Do not accept source routing net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 # Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel kernel.sysrq = 0 # Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename. # Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications. kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 # Controls the use of TCP syncookies net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 # Disable netfilter on bridges. net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0 # Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue kernel.msgmnb = 65536 # Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes kernel.msgmax = 65536 # Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes # Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages # oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for fs.file-max is 6815744 fs.file-max = 6815744 # oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for kernel.sem is '250 32000 100 128' kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 # oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for kernel.shmmni is 4096 kernel.shmmni = 4096 # oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for kernel.shmall is 1073741824 on x86_64 # oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for kernel.shmall is 2097152 on i386 kernel.shmall = 1073741824 # oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for kernel.shmmax is 4398046511104 on x86_64 # oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for kernel.shmmax is 4294967295 on i386 kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104 # oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for net.core.rmem_default is 262144 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 # oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for net.core.rmem_max is 4194304 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 # oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for net.core.wmem_default is 262144 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 # oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for net.core.wmem_max is 1048576 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 # oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for fs.aio-max-nr is 1048576 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 # oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range is 9000 65500 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 [root@db03 yum.repos.d]#
[root@db03 yum.repos.d]# tail -18 /etc/security/limits.conf # oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for nofile soft limit is 1024 oracle soft nofile 1024 # oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for nofile hard limit is 65536 oracle hard nofile 65536 # oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for nproc soft limit is 2047 oracle soft nproc 2047 # oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for nproc hard limit is 16384 oracle hard nproc 16384 # oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for stack soft limit is 10240KB oracle soft stack 10240 # oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for stack hard limit is 32768KB oracle hard stack 32768 [root@db03 yum.repos.d]#