刚搞完fc6的3d效果图，把用到的所有资料归整一下下；

刚搞完fc6的3d效果图，把用到的所有资料归整一下下；

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在FC6上打开compiz特效
 
首先安装Nvdia或者Ati的3D驱动，Nvdia的用户可以参考http://www.chinalinuxpub.com/showthread.php?t=51759 进行安装
之后修改你的/etc/X11/xorg.conf的内容为（记得先备份）
# nvidia-xconfig: X configuration file generated by nvidia-xconfig
# nvidia-xconfig: version 1.0 (buildmeister@builder3) Wed Sep 20 16:56:19 PDT 2006
# Xorg configuration created by pyxf86config

Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "Default Layout"
Screen 0 "Screen0" 0 0
InputDevice "Mouse0" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "Keyboard0" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
ModulePath "/usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/nvidia"
ModulePath "/usr/lib/xorg/modules"
EndSection

Section "Module"
SubSection "extmod"
Option "omit xfree86-dga" # don't initialise the DGA extension
EndSubSection
Load "glx"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"

# generated from default
Identifier "Mouse0"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/input/mice"
Option "Emulate3Buttons" "no"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Keyboard0"
Driver "kbd"### Comment all HorizSync and VertSync values to use DDC:
### Comment all HorizSync and VertSync values to use DDC:
### Comment all HorizSync and VertSync values to use DDC:
### Comment all HorizSync and VertSync values to use DDC:
### Comment all HorizSync and VertSync values to use DDC:
### Comment all HorizSync and VertSync values to use DDC:
### Comment all HorizSync and VertSync values to use DDC:
### Comment all HorizSync and VertSync values to use DDC:
### Comment all HorizSync and VertSync values to use DDC:
### Comment all HorizSync and VertSync values to use DDC:
Option "XkbModel" "pc105"
Option "XkbLayout" "us"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"

Identifier "Monitor0"
VendorName "Unknown"
ModelName "Unknown"
### Comment all HorizSync and VertSync values to use DDC:
HorizSync 30.0 - 110.0
VertRefresh 50.0 - 150.0
Option "DPMS"
EndSection

Section "Device"

# Enable 32-bit ARGB GLX Visuals
Identifier "Videocard0"
Driver "nvidia"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "Screen0"
Device "Videocard0"
Monitor "Monitor0"
DefaultDepth 24
Option "DisableGLXRootClipping" "True"
Option "AddARGBGLXVisuals" "True"
# Uncomment me if you get black screens with Compiz
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection

Section "Extensions"
Option "Composite" "Enable"
EndSection

执行 系统-->首选项-->Desktop Effects
然后点Enable Desktop Effects
如果不报错，重启x就可以看到特效了

FC6开启桌面特效后的快捷键
 
默认基本快捷键
* 打开主菜单 = Alt + F1 * 运行 = Alt + F2
* 显示桌面 = Ctrl + Alt + d
* 最小化当前窗口 = Alt + F9
* 最大化当前窗口 = Alt + F10
* 关闭当前窗口 = Alt + F4
* 截取全屏 = Print Screen
* 截取窗口 = Alt + Print Screen 默认特殊快捷键
* 窗口展示 = F12
* 切换窗口 = Alt + Tab
* 旋转3D桌面 = Ctrl + Alt + 左/右箭头（也可以把鼠标放在标题栏或桌面使用滚轮切换）
* 旋转3D桌面（ 活动窗口跟随） = Ctrl + Shift + Alt + 左/右箭头
* 手动旋转3D桌面 = Ctrl + Alt + 左键单击并拖拽桌面空白处
* 窗口透明/不透明 = possible with the “transset” utility or Alt + 滚轮
* 放大一次 = 超级键 + 右击
* 手动放大 = 超级键 + 滚轮向上
* 手动缩小 = 超级键 + 滚轮向下
* 移动窗口 = Alt + 左键单击
* 移动窗口时贴住边框 = 左键开始拖动后再 Ctrl + Alt
* 调整窗口大小 = Alt + 中击 * Bring up the window below the top window = Alt + middle-click
* 动态效果减速 = Shift + F10
* 水纹 = 按住 Ctrl+超级键
* 雨点 = Shift-F9
* 桌面展开＝ Ctrl + Alt + 下箭头，然后按住 Ctrl + Alt 和左/右箭头选择桌面


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我自己并不是这么编译的，比这个选项简单一些，所以把这个备份在这里：

在FC6上编译安装最新的MPlayer-1.0rc1
 
1 下载mplayer的源码包
wget http://www1.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/re...-1.0rc1.tar.bz2
2 解压缩
# tar jxvf MPlayer-1.0rc1.tar.bz2
3 编译
# cd MPlayer-1.0rc1
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mplayer --with-codecsdir=/usr/lib/codecs --enable-gui --language=zh_CN ;make;make install
4 下载皮肤和字体并安装
# wget http://www1.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/sk...yer-1.1.tar.bz2
# wget http://www1.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/co...12-ming.tar.bz2
# tar jxvf DVDPlayer-1.1.tar.bz2
# tar jxvf gb2312-ming.tar.bz2
# cd gb2312-ming/gbsn00lp16
# cp * /usr/local/mplayer/share/mplayer/font/
# cd ../..
# mkdir /usr/local/mplayer/share/mplayer/skins/default ; cp -a DVDPlayer/* /usr/local/mplayer/share/mplayer/skins/default
5 下载解码器
wget http://www1.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/re...0061022.tar.bz2
解压缩后将全部解码器复制到/usr/lib/codecs目录下
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Xgl和AIXgl简单介绍：
自 从有了XGL这个东西， Linux下的3D桌面就开始疯狂起来，号称把VIsta的aero踩在脚下，更不把MacOS放在眼里，但是先进归先进，稳定性却不怎么样，这是我半年 前在Ubuntu dagger下得出的痛苦结论。然而半年过去了，关于Linux 3D桌面发生了不小的变化，导致我这个小白鼠又一次冲在了前面，或许又是一个国内首创？

首先是XGL与AIGLX之争。缘起XFree86架构导致的3D应用问题，不多说了。Novell的天才程序员以重新发明轮子的勇气作出了XGL这个怪 兽，意图将整个X由openGL协议作为最底层绘图支持，来加强X的渲染以及3D加速能力。这个怪兽终究是作出来了，然而因为其太激进，甚至抛弃了 Xorg本身，被很多人所不容，同时因为对于很多闭源显卡驱动的兼容性问题（nv和ati都有），导致大部分显卡其实只能通过非直接渲染的方式来支持 XGL。这并不是XGL不好，而是其真的太激进了，激进到了厂商以及用户都有点接受不了，而敢于宣称在发行版中集成XGL的，也就只有XGL的老东家 Novell，这个时候，AIGLX出现了。AIGLX是Redhat旗下Fedora项目中的一个分支，其目的是通过逐渐改进mesa渲染来将现有 xorg中加入openGL的硬件加速功能。从最终结果来看，它与XGL是一样的，都是为X加入3D加速能力。但二者实现方式却选择了两条道路，XGL重 新发明轮子，而AIGLX是在现有轮子上增加功能。目前看来，大多数发行版厂商选择了后者，据我所知，支持或者打算支持的著名发行版有RH FC6，Ubuntu 6.10，相信以后会更多。AIGLX还有几个优点使得最终用户可能也倒向它的阵营：1－－闭源驱动支持，2－－较低的硬件要求，3－－资源占用较少，4 －－避免更换Xserver导致的兼容问题。

XGL只是一个理想，AIGLX却是现在摆在我们用户眼前的现实，有这么好玩的东西，我当然是跑在最前面测试的。然而天不遂我愿，nvdia驱动对于一个 pixmap函数支持的缺失使得所有nv卡无法运行AIGLX，于是在最近的几个月中，我只有一面玩着我的Longhorn Server，一面关注何时放出最新的nv9XXX驱动，一面郁闷的看着那些集成显卡的玩家秀他们的AIGLX桌面。
9月21日，nv发步了最新的9625beta驱动，changelog第一条就是我想要的，于是我想，看来这个周末有的忙了，我终于可以开始我的AIGXL之旅了。

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Xgl and AIGLX has been a hot topic lately so here's a guide to get it working at home :cool:

Now, what's the difference between AIGLX, Xgl? Between Compiz, and Beryl? Well, it's a good question. I've made little sections below with explanations.

AIGLX & Xgl
I've done a bit of research, and from my understanding, (post if I'm wrong) Fedora Core and almost every other Linux else out there uses some sort of a 'X server' to display graphics.

In our case, it's called Xorg. Basically programs connect to the X server (usually on display :0) and from there you see the GUI the program's meant to display. Here's a a little flow-chart representing a regular X server:

Program > X server > Xorg > Graphics Card > Monitor

When using AIGLX or Xgl, however, they add special OpenGL (an implementation of 3D) calls to make all the fancy effects that you see like the wobbly-windows and such.

Xgl is basically re-writing the existing X server, and replacing it with one that's using these new OpenGL calls. Here's the flow-chart again:
Program > X server > Xgl > Graphics Card > Monitor
As you guessed, on one hand this is great because you get these really neat effects, but on the other isn't good at all because since it's replacing the existing X server, any future work done to it won't be done in Xgl. It won't matter how many cool new features come to Xorg, you'll never get them in Xgl because it's replacing the traditional X server. Additionally, users of Xgl will have to deal with Xgl's bugs, where as you'll see users of AIGLX don't.

AIGLX is built-in to Xorg 7.1, which ships with FC6. AIGLX is a more incremental change than Xgl, seeing as it's adapted the existing Xorg server to use the new special calls. Here's the flow-chart for AIGLX:
Program > X server > Xorg (with adapted calls) > Graphics Card > Monitor
As you can see, nothings' changed from the original chart. All that happened was developers added an extension so you can still have the excellent Xorg server and all work that's done to it in the future, but also the really cool effects. This is why AIGLX is personally my preferred path.

Beryl & Compiz
Beryl and Compiz are both window managers, that run inside a X server. They basically handle where the windows are on your screen and their borders - eg the little 'x' in the corner of the windows. Once you have Xgl or AIGLX setup, you can switch back and forth from them as you please.

Important Notes / Updates

• If you're following this howto, I expect you to have a working graphics card with drivers installed or DRI enabled - If you don't, then please see my howtos for ATi or nVidia cards.
• Beryl (previously Quinnstorm) is now supported, too!
• *** If you have a nVidia card it is _required_ to use the 1.0-9625 driver or better if you want to use AIGLX, nothing less.
• gset-compiz isn't working so well, but what you can do instead use gconf-editor to manually edit Compiz settings. Once you install gconf-editor, open it up (Applications > System Tools > Configuration Editor), edit take a look at apps/compiz/.
• Definitive way to get ATi cards working:
  (1) Try using AIGLX, aka with the 'radeon' driver. If you're getting "No devices found", then that means your card isn't supported by the driver.
  (2) Now if you try fglrx from Livna with Xgl, things should work out better.
  *** In other words, you can use the 'radeon' driver with AIGLX, OR the 'fglrx' driver with Xgl.
  
• When you post for help, please include the following information:
  • Your graphics card model and memory size
  • Which driver version you are using, and if it's from FC/Livna packages or directly from the ATi/nVidia site
  • If desktop-effects is failing, then run
    Code:

            
            
            
            
    
             
             
             
             desktop-effects
            
            
            
            

    in a terminal, try to enable the effects and post any errors that come out of the terminal.
  • Please attach files when possible (eg, xorg.conf) as it will allow more content to be on each page rather than huge posts of code. This makes it easier for all users to search for answers to problems asked thought this thread.
• Finally, the fc5 versions of compiz seem to be giving people lots of headaches, for many reasons. Please don't ask for help with fc5. The answer is here: Upgrade to fc6.

- AIGLX -
AIGLX - Compiz

Code:

    
    
    
    

     
     
     
     su -
     
     
     
     
yum update
     
     
     
     
yum install compiz
     
     
     
     
gconftool-2 -s '/apps/metacity/general/compositing_manager' --type bool true
     
     
     
     
desktop-effects
    
    
    
    

AIGLX - Beryl

Code:

    
    
    
    

     
     
     
     su -
     
     
     
     
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
     
     
     
     
wget http://wilsonet.com/packages/beryl/beryl.repo
     
     
     
     
yum -y install beryl-core beryl-manager beryl-plugins beryl-settings emerald emerald-themes
    
    
    
    

Now just run:

Code:

    
    
    
    

     
     
     
     beryl-manager
    
    
    
    

And use the Beryl tray icon from there.

Troubles with AIGLX
the defaults xorg.conf's in FC6 should work, but things don't always work as they should. Here's a few tips that have helped others:
Add these parts to your xorg.conf (/etc/X11/xorg.conf) if you don't already have it:

• In your "Device" section:
  Code:

        
        
        
        
  
         
         
         
         Option      "AddARGBGLXVisuals" "True"
         
         
         
         
  Option  "DisableGLXRootClipping" "True"
        
        
        
        

• Just have this somewhere, but not within another Section:
  
  Code:

        
        
        
        
  
         
         
         
         Section "DRI"
         
         
         
         
          Group        0
         
         
         
         
          Mode         0666
         
         
         
         
  EndSection
        
        
        
        

• It seems some of the default fc6 xorg.conf's don't have a "Module" section. If you're missing one, just leave it be like that. It will load the needed modules for AIGLX by default. (This applies to the two next points)
• And this in your Module section, if you have a Module section:
  Code:

        
        
        
        
  
         
         
         
         Load     "extmod"
        
        
        
        

• If you're using ATi, the following in your "Module" section:
  Code:

        
        
        
        
  
         
         
         
         Load   "dri"
        
        
        
        

- XGL -
(1) Install the Xgl repo:

Code:

    
    
    
    

     
     
     
     
su -
     
     
     
     
rpm -Uhv http://fedoraxgl.tuxfamily.org/repository/fedora-xgl-repository-1.0-3.noarch.rpm
    
    
    
    

(2) Edit the /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-xgl.repo file and change

Code:

    
    
    
    

     
     
     
     
gpgcheck=1
    
    
    
    

to

Code:

    
    
    
    

     
     
     
     gpgcheck=0
    
    
    
    

.
Also, edit the /etc/X11/xorg.conf file and make sure you have this:

Code:

    
    
    
    

     
     
     
     
Section "Extensions"
     
     
     
     
Option "Composite" "Disable"
     
     
     
     
EndSection
    
    
    
    

(-) Fedora Core 6 / development users have an additional step: also in the /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-xgl.repo file, change all instances of $releasever to 5. For example, this line:

Code:

     
     
     
     

      
      
      
      
	http://fedoraxgl.tuxfamily.org/repository/$releasever/$basearch
     
     
     
     

becomes:

Code:

     
     
     
     

      
      
      
      
	http://fedoraxgl.tuxfamily.org/repository/5/$basearch
     
     
     
     

Xgl - Compiz
(3) Install the packages

Code:

    
    
    
    

     
     
     
     
rpm -e compiz 2> /dev/null
     
     
     
     
yum clean all
     
     
     
     
yum --enablerepo=fedora-xgl glitz-glx libsvg libsvg-cairo xorg-x11-server-Xgl xgl-hardware-list compiz
    
    
    
    

(4) Configure Xgl:
** The below erases any custom setting in your /etc/gdm/custom.conf... If you've setup VNC with my Server Setup howto or anything similar to do with GDM, you'll have to re-do those steps again. **

Code:

    
    
    
    

     
     
     
     gnome-xgl-switch --enable-xgl --auto
    
    
    
    

Hit 'y' for save modifications. Save & close all open programs, because now hitting enter as the program tells you to will kill X (and therefore all program running in it).

(5) (Re)Configure GDM:
Edit the /etc/gdm/custom.conf file, and make sure you have this under the [daemon] section:

Code:

    
    
    
    

     
     
     
     
GdmXServerTimeout=60
    
    
    
    

Now's a good time to re-do any changed to GDM needed, too.

Xgl - Beryl
Please follow the same steps as the "Xgl - Compiz", and once you're done do this:

Code:

    
    
    
    

     
     
     
     su -
     
     
     
     
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
     
     
     
     
wget http://wilsonet.com/packages/beryl/beryl.repo
     
     
     
     
yum -y install beryl-core beryl-manager beryl-plugins beryl-settings emerald emerald-themes
    
    
    
    

Now just run:

Code:

    
    
    
    

     
     
     
     beryl-manager
    
    
    
    

And use the Beryl tray icon from there.

- Various fixes -

• If you see this:
  Code:

        
        
        
        
  
         
         
         
         compiz: No sync extension
        
        
        
        

  
  Adding this to your "Module" section in /etc/X11/xorg.conf:
  
  Code:

        
        
        
        
  
         
         
         
         SubSection "extmod"
         
         
         
         
  Option "omit xfree86-dga"
         
         
         
         
  EndSubSection
        
        
        
        

  
  It may help in some cases.
  
• Certain Java applications have stopped working properly, like LimeWire. Fortunately, there is a workaround. First, you have to have Xnest installed:
  Code:

        
        
        
        
  
         
         
         
         
  su -
         
         
         
         
  yum install xorg-x11-server-Xnest -y
         
         
         
         
  exit
        
        
        
        

  
  
  Now here's how to start a Java application in Xnest:
  Code:

        
        
        
        
  
         
         
         
         
  Xnest -ac :1 -screen&
         
         
         
         
  DISPLAY=:1 metacity &
         
         
         
         
  DISPLAY=:1 APPNAME &
        
        
        
        

  
  Just replace APPNAME with your application. So:
  Code:

        
        
        
        
  
         
         
         
         
  Xnest -ac :1 -screen&
         
         
         
         
  DISPLAY=:1 metacity &
         
         
         
         
  DISPLAY=:1 limewire &
        
        
        
        

  
  for example starts Limewire.

- References -
http://liquidat.wordpress.com/2006/...n-fedora-core-6
http://fedoraxgl.tuxfamily.org/inde...Installation_en
http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/RenderingProject/aiglxFirewing1

___________________________
Diffingo Solutions Inc.: www.diffingo.com
(script-wing has been moved here)
The best of my howtos:
*Almost Any type of server setup!, *(Newbie) Linux questions answered!
*Compiz/Beryl with AIGLX or Xgl, *Is your Linux game on?
*Yum repo setup in FC, *Getting nVidia or ATi cards working in FC
*Media (DVD, audio & video) playback in Fedora Core

Full list of my howtos is available here

比较乱，我也懒的整理了；
from:
http://www.ixpub.net/showthread.php?threadid=632601
http://forum.fedoraforum.org/forum/showthread.php?t=121119&highlight=desktop+effects
http://hi.baidu.com/oracle_10g/blog/item/62d8dda227af42adcbefd0af.html