关于Spring MVC注解 @Transactional 事务标签 @InitBinder 标签

主要用到了spring-aop-2.5.6.jar的AOP支持包！

之前我们在AccountService中加入了注解 @Transactional标签，但是要想要真正发挥事务作用，还需要一些配置。
主要需要调整dao.xml文件
dao.xml-事务管理

<bean
    id="transactionManager"
    class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"
    p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" />
<tx:annotation-driven
    transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

<bean
    id="transactionManager"
    class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"
    p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" />
<tx:annotation-driven
    transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

	<bean
		id="transactionManager"
		class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"
		p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" />
	<tx:annotation-driven
		transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

细化一下AccountService接口方法
AccountService.java

/**
 * 2010-1-23
 */
package org.zlex.spring.service;

import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import org.zlex.spring.domain.Account;

/**
 * 账户业务接口
 *
 * @author <a href="mailto:[email protected]">梁栋</a>
 * @version 1.0
 * @since 1.0
 */
public interface AccountService {

    /**
     * 获得账户
     *
     * @param username
     * @param password
     * @return
     */
    @Transactional(readOnly = true)
    Account read(String username, String password);

    /**
     * 获得账户
     *
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    @Transactional(readOnly = true)
    Account read(int id);

    /**
     * 注册用户
     *
     * @param account
     * @return
     */
    @Transactional(readOnly = false, rollbackFor = DataAccessException.class)
    Account register(Account account);
}

/**
 * 2010-1-23
 */
package org.zlex.spring.service;

import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import org.zlex.spring.domain.Account;

/**
 * 账户业务接口
 *
 * @author <a href="mailto:[email protected]">梁栋</a>
 * @version 1.0
 * @since 1.0
 */
public interface AccountService {

    /**
     * 获得账户
     *
     * @param username
     * @param password
     * @return
     */
    @Transactional(readOnly = true)
    Account read(String username, String password);

    /**
     * 获得账户
     *
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    @Transactional(readOnly = true)
    Account read(int id);

    /**
     * 注册用户
     *
     * @param account
     * @return
     */
    @Transactional(readOnly = false, rollbackFor = DataAccessException.class)
    Account register(Account account);
}

/**
 * 2010-1-23
 */
package org.zlex.spring.service;

import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import org.zlex.spring.domain.Account;

/**
 * 账户业务接口
 * 
 * @author <a href="mailto:[email protected]">梁栋</a>
 * @version 1.0
 * @since 1.0
 */
public interface AccountService {

	/**
	 * 获得账户
	 * 
	 * @param username
	 * @param password
	 * @return
	 */
	@Transactional(readOnly = true)
	Account read(String username, String password);

	/**
	 * 获得账户
	 * 
	 * @param id
	 * @return
	 */
	@Transactional(readOnly = true)
	Account read(int id);

	/**
	 * 注册用户
	 * 
	 * @param account
	 * @return
	 */
	@Transactional(readOnly = false, rollbackFor = DataAccessException.class)
	Account register(Account account);
}

这里我把注解@Transactional调整到了具体的方法上，也就是说这样写的话，凡是加入注解的标注的方法都属于事务配置！
Account register(Account account);用做用户注册作用！
@Transactional(readOnly = true)只读属性
@Transactional(readOnly = false, rollbackFor = DataAccessException.class)只读关闭，遇到DataAccessException异常回滚！如果不对异常进行处理，该异常将一直向上层抛出，直至抛出到页面！
如果你的Eclipse集成了SpringIDE，你可以观察一下这时的xml配置文件和AccoutServiceImpl.java的变化！


这次，来个用户注册功能演示，故意在某个位置制造一个异常，看看是否正常回滚！
先看注册控制器
RegisterController.java

/**
 * 2010-2-4
 */
package org.zlex.spring.controller;

import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.WebDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.zlex.spring.domain.Account;
import org.zlex.spring.service.AccountService;

/**
 * 用户注册控制器
 *
 * @author <a href="mailto:[email protected]">梁栋</a>
 * @version 1.0
 * @since 1.0
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/register.do")
public class RegisterController {

    @Autowired
    private AccountService accountService;

    @InitBinder
    public void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder) {
        // 忽略字段绑定异常
        // binder.setIgnoreInvalidFields(true);

        DateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
        binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, "birthday",
                new CustomDateEditor(format, true));
    }

    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String initForm(ModelMap model) {
        Account account = new Account();
        model.addAttribute("account", account);
        // 直接跳转到登录页面
        return "account/register";
    }

    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST)
    protected String submit(@ModelAttribute("account") Account account) {
        int id = accountService.register(account).getId();
        // 跳转到用户信息页面
        return "redirect:profile.do?id=" + id;
    }
}

/**
 * 2010-2-4
 */
package org.zlex.spring.controller;

import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.WebDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.zlex.spring.domain.Account;
import org.zlex.spring.service.AccountService;

/**
 * 用户注册控制器
 *
 * @author <a href="mailto:[email protected]">梁栋</a>
 * @version 1.0
 * @since 1.0
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/register.do")
public class RegisterController {

    @Autowired
    private AccountService accountService;

    @InitBinder
    public void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder) {
        // 忽略字段绑定异常
        // binder.setIgnoreInvalidFields(true);

        DateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
        binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, "birthday",
                new CustomDateEditor(format, true));
    }

    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String initForm(ModelMap model) {
        Account account = new Account();
        model.addAttribute("account", account);
        // 直接跳转到登录页面
        return "account/register";
    }

    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST)
    protected String submit(@ModelAttribute("account") Account account) {
        int id = accountService.register(account).getId();
        // 跳转到用户信息页面
        return "redirect:profile.do?id=" + id;
    }
}

/**
 * 2010-2-4
 */
package org.zlex.spring.controller;

import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.WebDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.zlex.spring.domain.Account;
import org.zlex.spring.service.AccountService;

/**
 * 用户注册控制器
 * 
 * @author <a href="mailto:[email protected]">梁栋</a>
 * @version 1.0
 * @since 1.0
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/register.do")
public class RegisterController {

	@Autowired
	private AccountService accountService;

	@InitBinder
	public void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder) {
		// 忽略字段绑定异常
		// binder.setIgnoreInvalidFields(true);

		DateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
		binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, "birthday",
				new CustomDateEditor(format, true));
	}

	@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public String initForm(ModelMap model) {
		Account account = new Account();
		model.addAttribute("account", account);
		// 直接跳转到登录页面
		return "account/register";
	}

	@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST)
	protected String submit(@ModelAttribute("account") Account account) {
		int id = accountService.register(account).getId();
		// 跳转到用户信息页面
		return "redirect:profile.do?id=" + id;
	}
}

@InitBinder用于表单自定义属性绑定。这里我们要求输入一个日期格式的生日。
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)用于初始化页面。
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST)用于提交页面。
再看注册页面
register.jsp

<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>注册</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/calendar.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<fieldset><legend>用户注册</legend><form:form
    commandName="account">
    <ul>
        <li><form:label path="username">用户名:</form:label><form:input
            path="username" /></li>
        <li><form:label path="password">密码:</form:label><form:password
            path="password" /></li>
        <li><form:label path="birthday">生日:</form:label><form:input
            path="birthday" onfocus="showDate(this);" /></li>
        <li><form:label path="email">Email:</form:label><form:input
            path="email" /></li>
        <li>
        <button type="submit">注册</button>
        <button type="reset">重置</button>
        </li>
    </ul>
</form:form></fieldset>
</body>
</html>

<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>注册</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/calendar.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<fieldset><legend>用户注册</legend><form:form
	commandName="account">
	<ul>
		<li><form:label path="username">用户名:</form:label><form:input
			path="username" /></li>
		<li><form:label path="password">密码:</form:label><form:password
			path="password" /></li>
		<li><form:label path="birthday">生日:</form:label><form:input
			path="birthday" onfocus="showDate(this);" /></li>
		<li><form:label path="email">Email:</form:label><form:input
			path="email" /></li>
		<li>
		<button type="submit">注册</button>
		<button type="reset">重置</button>
		</li>
	</ul>
</form:form></fieldset>
</body>
</html>

这里我用了一个JavaScript日期控制标签：

<script type="text/javascript" src="js/calendar.js"></script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="js/calendar.js"></script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="js/calendar.js"></script>

使用起来就像是这样：

非常好用！！！ 当然，你完全可以使用JE上的那个JS控件！
接下来稍微调整一下AccountService接口及其实现AccountServiceImpl
AccountService.java

public interface AccountService {
    // 省略
    /**
     * 注册用户
     *
     * @param account
     * @return
     */
    @Transactional(readOnly = false, rollbackFor = DataAccessException.class)
    Account register(Account account);
    // 省略
}

public interface AccountService {
    // 省略
    /**
     * 注册用户
     *
     * @param account
     * @return
     */
    @Transactional(readOnly = false, rollbackFor = DataAccessException.class)
    Account register(Account account);
    // 省略
}

public interface AccountService {
	// 省略
	/**
	 * 注册用户
	 * 
	 * @param account
	 * @return
	 */
	@Transactional(readOnly = false, rollbackFor = DataAccessException.class)
	Account register(Account account);
	// 省略
}

@Service
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {

    @Autowired
    private AccountDao accountDao;

    // 省略

    @Override
    public Account register(Account account) {
        accountDao.create(account);
        return accountDao.read(account.getUsername());
    }
}

@Service
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {

    @Autowired
    private AccountDao accountDao;

    // 省略

    @Override
    public Account register(Account account) {
        accountDao.create(account);
        return accountDao.read(account.getUsername());
    }
}

@Service
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {

	@Autowired
	private AccountDao accountDao;

	// 省略

	@Override
	public Account register(Account account) {
		accountDao.create(account);
		return accountDao.read(account.getUsername());
	}
}

为了在插入一条记录后获得当前用户的主键，我们还得这么玩！ 的确有点雷人～
从架构考虑，这是符合业务要求的实现！如果用iBatis或者Hibernate，这个问题就有数据库一次IO处理完成了！
再看看AccountDao接口及其实现AccountDaoImpl
AccountDao.java

public interface AccountDao {
        // 省略
    /**
     * 构建用户记录
     *
     * @param account
     * @return
     */
    void create(Account account);
}

public interface AccountDao {
        // 省略
    /**
     * 构建用户记录
     *
     * @param account
     * @return
     */
    void create(Account account);
}

public interface AccountDao {
        // 省略
	/**
	 * 构建用户记录
	 * 
	 * @param account
	 * @return
	 */
	void create(Account account);
}

AccountDaoImpl.java

@Repository
public class AccountDaoImpl implements AccountDao {
        // 省略

    @Override
    public void create(Account account) {
        String sql = "INSERT INTO account(username, password, birthday, email) VALUES(?,?,?,?)";

        jdbcTemplate.update(sql, new Object[] { account.getUsername(),
                account.getPassword(), account.getBirthday(),
                account.getEmail() });
    }
}

@Repository
public class AccountDaoImpl implements AccountDao {
        // 省略

    @Override
    public void create(Account account) {
        String sql = "INSERT INTO account(username, password, birthday, email) VALUES(?,?,?,?)";

        jdbcTemplate.update(sql, new Object[] { account.getUsername(),
                account.getPassword(), account.getBirthday(),
                account.getEmail() });
    }
}

@Repository
public class AccountDaoImpl implements AccountDao {
        // 省略

	@Override
	public void create(Account account) {
		String sql = "INSERT INTO account(username, password, birthday, email) VALUES(?,?,?,?)";

		jdbcTemplate.update(sql, new Object[] { account.getUsername(),
				account.getPassword(), account.getBirthday(),
				account.getEmail() });
	}
}

来个注册演示！
注册：

信息展示：

来制造一起事故！
先看看数据库目前的状况！

在AccountDaoImpl中来个破坏！

@Override
    public void create(Account account) {
        String sql = "INSERT INTO account(username, password, birthday, email) VALUES(?,?,?,?)";

        jdbcTemplate.update(sql, new Object[] { account.getUsername(),
                account.getPassword(), account.getBirthday(),
                account.getEmail() });

        throw new RecoverableDataAccessException("TEST");
    }

@Override
    public void create(Account account) {
        String sql = "INSERT INTO account(username, password, birthday, email) VALUES(?,?,?,?)";

        jdbcTemplate.update(sql, new Object[] { account.getUsername(),
                account.getPassword(), account.getBirthday(),
                account.getEmail() });

        throw new RecoverableDataAccessException("TEST");
    }

@Override
	public void create(Account account) {
		String sql = "INSERT INTO account(username, password, birthday, email) VALUES(?,?,?,?)";

		jdbcTemplate.update(sql, new Object[] { account.getUsername(),
				account.getPassword(), account.getBirthday(),
				account.getEmail() });

		throw new RecoverableDataAccessException("TEST");
	}

我们强行在执行完Insert语句后抛出DataAccessException异常（RecoverableDataAccessException）！
来个注册试试！

点击提交看看返回的异常！

异常回滚生效！
数据库中当然是什么都没有，我就不废话了！
相关实现见附件