Python文件读写操作

initdata.py

# initialize data to be stored in files, pickles, shelves

# records
bob = {'name': 'Bob Smith', 'age': 42, 'pay': 30000, 'job': 'dev'}
sue = {'name': 'Sue Jones', 'age': 45, 'pay': 40000, 'job': 'hdw'}
tom = {'name': 'Tom',       'age': 50, 'pay': 0,     'job': None}

# database
db = {}
db['bob'] = bob
db['sue'] = sue
db['tom'] = tom

if __name__ == '__main__':       # when run as a script
    for key in db:
        print(key, '=>\n  ', db[key])

make_db_file.py

"""
Save in-memory database object to a file with custom formatting;
assume 'endrec.', 'enddb.', and '=>' are not used in the data;
assume db is dict of dict;  warning: eval can be dangerous - it
runs strings as code;  could also eval() record dict all at once;
could also dbfile.write(key + '\n') vs print(key, file=dbfile);
"""

dbfilename = 'people-file'
ENDDB  = 'enddb.'
ENDREC = 'endrec.'
RECSEP = '=>'

def storeDbase(db, dbfilename=dbfilename):
    "formatted dump of database to flat file"
    dbfile = open(dbfilename, 'w')
    for key in db:
        print(key, file=dbfile)                               
        for (name, value) in db[key].items():
            print(name + RECSEP + repr(value), file=dbfile)
        print(ENDREC, file=dbfile)
    print(ENDDB, file=dbfile)
    dbfile.close()

def loadDbase(dbfilename=dbfilename):
    "parse data to reconstruct database"
    dbfile = open(dbfilename)
    import sys
    sys.stdin = dbfile
    db = {}
    key = input()
    while key != ENDDB:
        rec = {}
        field = input()
        while field != ENDREC:
            name, value = field.split(RECSEP)
            rec[name] = eval(value)
            field = input()
        db[key] = rec
        key = input()
    return db

if __name__ == '__main__':
    from initdata import db
    storeDbase(db)
    

dump_db_file.py

from make_db_file import loadDbase
db = loadDbase()
for key in db:
    print(key, '=>\n  ', db[key])
print(db['sue']['name'])

update_db_file.py:

from make_db_file import loadDbase, storeDbase
db = loadDbase()
db['sue']['pay'] *= 1.10
db['tom']['name'] = 'Tom Tom'
storeDbase(db)