一、安装ssh
ubuntu中使用命令:
$sudo apt-get install openssh-server openssh-client
centos中使用命令:
$sudo yum install openssh-server openssh-client
启动ssh使用命令:
$sudo service sshd start
二、配置无密码登录SSH
ubuntu中配置如下:
$ ssh-keygen -t dsa -P '' Generating public/private dsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/home/aaron/.ssh/id_dsa): Created directory '/home/aaron/.ssh'. Your identification has been saved in /home/aaron/.ssh/id_dsa. Your public key has been saved in /home/aaron/.ssh/id_dsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: bd:2c:ed:ab:6d:a9:b2:45:88:32:08:5a:d2:d9:ad:cc aaron@ubuntu The key's randomart image is: +--[ DSA 1024]----+ | | | . o . | |o + . . | |o+ o o . . | |o o E . S . | | o . o . | | o +. | | .. +o | | .oo++. | +-----------------+(注:回车后会在~/.ssh/下生成两个文件:id_rsa和id_rsa.pub。这两个文件是成对出现的。)
将id_dsa.pub里面的内容加到用于认证的公钥文件中,命令如下:
$ cat id_dsa.pub >> authorized_keys可以将这个生成的authorized_keys拷贝到别的机器上面
$ cat ~/.ssh/authorized_keys | \ ssh [email protected] "cat - >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys"登录localhost。在终端输入命令:ssh localhost(注:当ssh远程登录到其它机器后,你控制的是远程的机器,需要执行退出命令才能重新控制本地主机。)执行退出命令。输入命令:exit
如果配置过程中出现问题,一般的问题都是文件权限设置的不对,请把.ssh和authorized_keys的访问权限分别设置为755个600,命令如下:
$ chmod 755 ~/.ssh $ chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys上面是以Ubuntu平台为例子,下面来说说怎么在CentOS平台上面配置。
首先,需要设置一下/etc/ssh/sshd_config文件,请将/etc/ssh/sshd_config文件中下面三行的注释去掉:
$sudo vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys其余的步骤和在ubuntu下配置是一样的。