利用SetConsoleTextAttribute函数设置控制台颜色

控制台单调的颜色只有黑白两种，看起来多少难免有些单调。在没学图形化编程之前，每天看着控制台程序难免会枯燥无味。
不过，利用SetConsoleTextAttribute函数可以设置控制台的前景色和背景色。

闲言少叙，书归正传。

①效果图：（颜色可以混合，遵循配色原理）

#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;


int main()
{
    HANDLE hOut;


    hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);


    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            FOREGROUND_RED | 
                            FOREGROUND_GREEN);
    cout << "This text is yellow." << endl;


    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            FOREGROUND_GREEN | 
                            FOREGROUND_BLUE);
    cout << "This text is cyan." << endl;


    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            FOREGROUND_BLUE | 
                            FOREGROUND_RED);
    cout << "This text is magenta." << endl;


    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            FOREGROUND_RED | 
                            FOREGROUND_GREEN | 
                            FOREGROUND_BLUE);
    cout << "This text is white." << endl;


    return 0;
}

②效果图：（明暗颜色）

#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    HANDLE hOut;

    hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);

    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            FOREGROUND_RED);
    cout << "Red     " << flush;
    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            FOREGROUND_RED |
                            FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);
    cout << "Red" << endl;

    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            FOREGROUND_GREEN);
    cout << "Green   " << flush;
    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            FOREGROUND_GREEN |
                            FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);
    cout << "Green" << endl;

    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            FOREGROUND_BLUE);
    cout << "Blue    " << flush;
    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            FOREGROUND_BLUE |
                            FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);
    cout << "Blue" << endl;

    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            FOREGROUND_RED | 
                            FOREGROUND_GREEN);
    cout << "Yellow  " << flush;
    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            FOREGROUND_RED | 
                            FOREGROUND_GREEN |
                            FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);
    cout << "Yellow" << endl;

    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            FOREGROUND_GREEN | 
                            FOREGROUND_BLUE);
    cout << "Cyan    " << flush;
    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            FOREGROUND_GREEN | 
                            FOREGROUND_BLUE |
                            FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);
    cout << "Cyan" << endl;

    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            FOREGROUND_BLUE | 
                            FOREGROUND_RED);
    cout << "Magenta " << flush;
    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            FOREGROUND_BLUE | 
                            FOREGROUND_RED |
                            FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);
    cout << "Magenta" << endl;

    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            FOREGROUND_RED | 
                            FOREGROUND_GREEN | 
                            FOREGROUND_BLUE);
    cout << "White   " << flush;
    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            FOREGROUND_RED | 
                            FOREGROUND_GREEN | 
                            FOREGROUND_BLUE |
                            FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);
    cout << "White" << endl;

    return 0;
}

③背景颜色：

#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    HANDLE hOut;

    hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);

    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            BACKGROUND_RED);
    cout << "Red     " << flush;
    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            BACKGROUND_RED |
                            BACKGROUND_INTENSITY);
    cout << "Red     " << endl;

    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            BACKGROUND_GREEN);
    cout << "Green   " << flush;
    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            BACKGROUND_GREEN |
                            BACKGROUND_INTENSITY);
    cout << "Green   " << endl;

    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            BACKGROUND_BLUE);
    cout << "Blue    " << flush;
    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            BACKGROUND_BLUE |
                            BACKGROUND_INTENSITY);
    cout << "Blue    " << endl;

    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            BACKGROUND_RED |
                            BACKGROUND_GREEN);
    cout << "Yellow  " << flush;
    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            BACKGROUND_RED |
                            BACKGROUND_GREEN |
                            BACKGROUND_INTENSITY);
    cout << "Yellow  " << endl;

    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            BACKGROUND_GREEN |
                            BACKGROUND_BLUE);
    cout << "Cyan    " << flush;
    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            BACKGROUND_GREEN |
                            BACKGROUND_BLUE |
                            BACKGROUND_INTENSITY);
    cout << "Cyan    " << endl;

    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            BACKGROUND_BLUE |
                            BACKGROUND_RED);
    cout << "Magenta " << flush;
    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            BACKGROUND_BLUE |
                            BACKGROUND_RED |
                            BACKGROUND_INTENSITY);
    cout << "Magenta " << endl;

    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            BACKGROUND_RED |
                            BACKGROUND_GREEN |
                            BACKGROUND_BLUE);
    cout << "White   " << flush;
    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
                            BACKGROUND_RED |
                            BACKGROUND_GREEN |
                            BACKGROUND_BLUE |
                            BACKGROUND_INTENSITY);
    cout << "White   " << endl;

    return 0;
}

以上的介绍大致上能满足需要了。如果需要更多的颜色使用方法。请参考
http://charon.bdeb.qc.ca/docs/cpp/www.adrianxw.dk/SoftwareSite/Consoles/Consoles4.html

后续会更新自定义颜色的原理和方法。。。