Android之使用ContentResolver对通信录中的数据进行简单操作

1.加入读写权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS" />

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" /><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS" />

联系人信息Uri：

content://com.android.contacts/contacts

联系人电话Uri：

content://com.android.contacts/data/phones

联系人Email Uri：

content://com.android.contacts/data/emails

（推荐）也可以这样获取联系人信息Uri：Uri uri = ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI;

2.查询与添加联系人的操作（单元测试用例）

public class ContactTest extends AndroidTestCase
{
private static final String TAG = "ContactTest";

/**
* 获取通讯录中所有联系人的简单信息
* @throws Throwable
*/
public void testGetAllContact() throws Throwable
{
//获取联系人信息的Uri
Uri uri = ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI;
//获取ContentResolver
ContentResolver contentResolver = this.getContext().getContentResolver();
//查询数据，返回Cursor
Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, null, null, null, null);
while(cursor.moveToNext())
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
//获取联系人的ID
String contactId = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID));
//获取联系人的姓名
String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME));
//构造联系人信息
sb.append("contactId=").append(contactId).append(",Name=").append(name);
//查询电话类型的数据操作
Cursor phones = contentResolver.query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI,
null,
ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID +" = "+ contactId,
null, null);
while(phones.moveToNext())
{
String phoneNumber = phones.getString(phones.getColumnIndex(
ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER));
//添加Phone的信息
sb.append(",Phone=").append(phoneNumber);
}
phones.close();

//查询Email类型的数据操作
Cursor emails = contentResolver.query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTENT_URI,
null,
ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTACT_ID + " = " + contactId,
null, null);
while (emails.moveToNext())
{
String emailAddress = emails.getString(emails.getColumnIndex(
ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.DATA));
//添加Email的信息
sb.append(",Email=").append(emailAddress);
}
emails.close();
Log.i(TAG, sb.toString());
}
cursor.close();
}

/**添加联系人的第一种方法：
* 首先向RawContacts.CONTENT_URI执行一个空值插入，目的是获取系统返回的rawContactId
* 这时后面插入data表的依据，只有执行空值插入，才能使插入的联系人在通讯录里面可见
*/
public void testInsert()
{
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
//首先向RawContacts.CONTENT_URI执行一个空值插入，目的是获取系统返回的rawContactId
Uri rawContactUri = this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(RawContacts.CONTENT_URI, values);
//获取id
long rawContactId = ContentUris.parseId(rawContactUri);
//往data表入姓名数据
values.clear();
values.put(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId); //添加id
values.put(Data.MIMETYPE, StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);//添加内容类型（MIMETYPE）
values.put(StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME, "凯风自南");//添加名字，添加到first name位置
this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values);
//往data表入电话数据
values.clear();
values.put(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId);
values.put(Data.MIMETYPE, Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
values.put(Phone.NUMBER, "13921009789");
values.put(Phone.TYPE, Phone.TYPE_MOBILE);
this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values);
//往data表入Email数据
values.clear();
values.put(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId);
values.put(Data.MIMETYPE, Email.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
values.put(Email.DATA, "[email protected]");
values.put(Email.TYPE, Email.TYPE_WORK);
this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values);
}

/**添加联系人的第二种方法：
* 批量添加联系人
* @throws Throwable
*/
public void testSave() throws Throwable
{
//官方文档位置：reference\android\provider\ContactsContract.RawContacts.html
//建立一个ArrayList存放批量的参数
ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation> ops = new ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation>();
int rawContactInsertIndex = ops.size();
ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(RawContacts.CONTENT_URI)
.withValue(RawContacts.ACCOUNT_TYPE, null)
.withValue(RawContacts.ACCOUNT_NAME, null)
.build());
//官方文档位置：reference\android\provider\ContactsContract.Data.html
//withValueBackReference后退引用前面联系人的id
ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
.withValueBackReference(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactInsertIndex)
.withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)
.withValue(StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME, "小明")
.build());
ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
.withValueBackReference(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactInsertIndex)
.withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)
.withValue(Phone.NUMBER, "13671323809")
.withValue(Phone.TYPE, Phone.TYPE_MOBILE)
.withValue(Phone.LABEL, "手机号")
.build());
ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
.withValueBackReference(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactInsertIndex)
.withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, Email.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)
.withValue(Email.DATA, "[email protected]")
.withValue(Email.TYPE, Email.TYPE_WORK)
.build());
ContentProviderResult[] results = this.getContext().getContentResolver()
.applyBatch(ContactsContract.AUTHORITY, ops);
for(ContentProviderResult result : results)
{
Log.i(TAG, result.uri.toString());
}
}
}