Android 学习笔记 Thread (一) android线程

1.创建Android线程

参考官方文档是个好习惯。

http://developer.android.com/reference/java/lang/Thread.html

http://developer.android.com/guide/components/processes-and-threads.html

创建线程有两种方式:一是在创建线程的时候传入一个Runnable对象,另一种是继承Thread类,实现run()方法。这两种方法没啥区别嘛。。。

Game start....

(1)用Runnable对象

源码MainActivity.java

package com.example.siqi;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Menu;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        
        /**
         * 线程1
         */
        new Thread(new Runnable(){
			@Override
			public void run() {
				int cnt = 10;
				while(cnt>0) {
					Log.d("Thread1", "Thread one cnt: " + cnt--);
					try {
						Thread.sleep(200);
					} catch (InterruptedException e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
						break;
					}
				}
			}
        }).start();
        
        /**
         * 线程2
         */
        new Thread(new Runnable(){
			@Override
			public void run() {
				int cnt = 10;
				while(cnt>0) {
					Log.d("Thread2", "Thread two cnt: " + cnt--);
					try {
						Thread.sleep(300);
					} catch (InterruptedException e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
						break;
					}
				}
			}
        }).start();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu);
        return true;
    }
}
结果:

11-07 16:30:07.844: D/Thread1(13237): Thread one cnt: 10
11-07 16:30:07.873: D/Thread2(13237): Thread two cnt: 10
11-07 16:30:08.043: D/Thread1(13237): Thread one cnt: 9
11-07 16:30:08.173: D/Thread2(13237): Thread two cnt: 9
11-07 16:30:08.244: D/Thread1(13237): Thread one cnt: 8
11-07 16:30:08.443: D/Thread1(13237): Thread one cnt: 7
11-07 16:30:08.483: D/Thread2(13237): Thread two cnt: 8
11-07 16:30:08.680: D/Thread1(13237): Thread one cnt: 6
11-07 16:30:08.818: D/Thread2(13237): Thread two cnt: 7
11-07 16:30:08.887: D/Thread1(13237): Thread one cnt: 5
11-07 16:30:09.095: D/Thread1(13237): Thread one cnt: 4
11-07 16:30:09.164: D/Thread2(13237): Thread two cnt: 6
11-07 16:30:09.303: D/Thread1(13237): Thread one cnt: 3
11-07 16:30:09.528: D/Thread2(13237): Thread two cnt: 5
11-07 16:30:09.528: D/Thread1(13237): Thread one cnt: 2
11-07 16:30:09.735: D/Thread1(13237): Thread one cnt: 1
11-07 16:30:09.875: D/Thread2(13237): Thread two cnt: 4
11-07 16:30:10.217: D/Thread2(13237): Thread two cnt: 3
11-07 16:30:10.558: D/Thread2(13237): Thread two cnt: 2
11-07 16:30:10.904: D/Thread2(13237): Thread two cnt: 1
从结果我们可以看出,这两个线程的确是并行运行的。
(2)定义一个Thread

MainActivity.java

package com.example.siqi;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Menu;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

	/**
	 *定义一个简单的线程SimpleThread
	 */
	public class SimpleThread extends Thread {
		@Override
		public void run() {
			int cnt = 10;
			while(cnt>0) {
				Log.d("Thread", "Thread cnt: " + cnt--);
				try {
					Thread.sleep(200);
				} catch (InterruptedException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		
	}
	
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        
        SimpleThread thread1 = new SimpleThread();
        SimpleThread thread2 = new SimpleThread();
        thread1.start();
        thread2.start();
        
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu);
        return true;
    }
}
运行结果,突然发现截图比较不错:
Android 学习笔记 Thread (一) android线程_第1张图片

可以看到是有两个线程14912和14913都在运行。

接下来,我们需要了解一下,为什么需要线程。


2.线程啊线程

Android中有一个UI线程,这个线程专门负责用户可以看到的和接触到的内容,比如图片啊,Button等。Google为了提高界面的流畅度和体验,禁止阻塞UI线程。什么意思呢,比如我要在界面上显示一张图片,而这张图片是从网络上下载下来的。

源码:

MainActivity.java

package com.example.siqi;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.widget.ImageView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        
        ImageView mImageView = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
        
        Bitmap b = null;
		try {
			b = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new URL("http://www.baidu.com/img/baidu_sylogo1.gif").openConnection()
			        .getInputStream());
		} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
        mImageView.setImageBitmap(b);
        
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu);
        return true;
    }
}

界面:

activity_main.xml

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent" >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"
        android:text="@string/hello_world"
        tools:context=".MainActivity" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_above="@+id/textView1"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:layout_marginBottom="90dp" />

</RelativeLayout>
需要的权限:<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

我们希望的结果是:

Android 学习笔记 Thread (一) android线程_第2张图片

在Android2.1上面,这段代码是可以运行的,但是在4.xx的模拟器上(我现在机器启动不了4.XX的模拟器,正在想办法解决。。。),因为下载图片是网络交互,会Block阻塞住UI界面,如果这个图片很大或者网络不给力,这个下载需要好几分钟,那么在图片下载完成前,你是做不了任何事情的。你会用这样一个会几分钟不动弹的程序吗?No,估计几秒钟我都等不了了,直接结束掉。。。所以线程的用武之地到了。。。

现在我们就需要把图片的下载放到线程里面去:

MainActivity.java

package com.example.siqi;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.widget.ImageView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	
	private ImageView mImageView;
	
	public class ImageDownloadThread extends Thread {
		@Override
		public void run() {
	        Bitmap b = null;
			try {
				b = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(
						new URL("http://www.baidu.com/img/baidu_sylogo1.gif").
						openConnection().getInputStream());
			} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
	        mImageView.setImageBitmap(b);
		}
	}
	
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        
        mImageView = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
        
        ImageDownloadThread thread = new ImageDownloadThread();
        thread.start();
        
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu);
        return true;
    }
}

运行结果:

报错:android.view.ViewRoot$CalledFromWrongThreadException: Only the original thread that created a view hierarchy can touch its views.

在Android里,只有UI线程可以操作界面。用GOOGLE的话说,用其他线程操作界面会造成不可预测的后果。用我们的话说,用其他线程操作UI会报错。。。

所以我们应该将下载图片放在线程里面,把设置图片在UI线程(可以叫主线程吧?)里面完成。

如何在主线程更新UI?Android给我们提供了至少3中方法:

1)View.post(Runnable) 方法

View是什么呢?不需要解释了吧,一个按钮,它的类不是叫ButtonView么,List的叫ListView,都可以这样用。

package com.example.siqi;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.widget.ImageView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	
	private ImageView mImageView;
	
	public class ImageDownloadThread extends Thread {
		@Override
		public void run() {
			try {
				final Bitmap b = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(
						new URL("http://www.baidu.com/img/baidu_sylogo1.gif").
						openConnection().getInputStream());
				
				mImageView.post(new Runnable() {
					public void run() {
						mImageView.setImageBitmap(b);
					}
				});
			} catch (Exception e) {
				return;	//报错了直接结束,可能的原因,网络啊,url地址等。
			}
		}
	}
	
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        
        mImageView = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
        
        ImageDownloadThread thread = new ImageDownloadThread();
        thread.start();
        
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu);
        return true;
    }
}
结果:图片显示正确。

2)Activity.runOnUiThread(Runnable)方法

package com.example.siqi;

import java.net.URL;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.widget.ImageView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	
	private ImageView mImageView;
	
	//定义一个线程
	public class ImageDownloadThread extends Thread {
		@Override
		public void run() {
			try {
				final Bitmap b = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(
						new URL("http://www.baidu.com/img/baidu_sylogo1.gif").
						openConnection().getInputStream());
				
				MainActivity.this.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
					public void run() {
						mImageView.setImageBitmap(b);
					}
				});
			} catch (Exception e) {
				return;	//报错了直接结束,可能的原因,网络啊,url地址等。
			}
		}
	}
	
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        
        mImageView = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
        
        //实例化一个线程并运行
        ImageDownloadThread thread = new ImageDownloadThread();
        thread.start();
        
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu);
        return true;
    }
}
感觉不错哦,可以用在很多地方。

3)View.postDelayed(Runnable,long)

这个跟View.post没多大区别哈,自己参考文档去,后面那个参数是延迟的时间,在这个时间之后才更新UI


下一篇继续,这个有点长了。。。


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