参考官方文档是个好习惯。
http://developer.android.com/reference/java/lang/Thread.html
http://developer.android.com/guide/components/processes-and-threads.html
创建线程有两种方式:一是在创建线程的时候传入一个Runnable对象,另一种是继承Thread类,实现run()方法。这两种方法没啥区别嘛。。。
Game start....
(1)用Runnable对象
源码MainActivity.java
package com.example.siqi; import android.os.Bundle; import android.app.Activity; import android.util.Log; import android.view.Menu; public class MainActivity extends Activity { @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); /** * 线程1 */ new Thread(new Runnable(){ @Override public void run() { int cnt = 10; while(cnt>0) { Log.d("Thread1", "Thread one cnt: " + cnt--); try { Thread.sleep(200); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); break; } } } }).start(); /** * 线程2 */ new Thread(new Runnable(){ @Override public void run() { int cnt = 10; while(cnt>0) { Log.d("Thread2", "Thread two cnt: " + cnt--); try { Thread.sleep(300); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); break; } } } }).start(); } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu); return true; } }结果:
11-07 16:30:07.844: D/Thread1(13237): Thread one cnt: 10 11-07 16:30:07.873: D/Thread2(13237): Thread two cnt: 10 11-07 16:30:08.043: D/Thread1(13237): Thread one cnt: 9 11-07 16:30:08.173: D/Thread2(13237): Thread two cnt: 9 11-07 16:30:08.244: D/Thread1(13237): Thread one cnt: 8 11-07 16:30:08.443: D/Thread1(13237): Thread one cnt: 7 11-07 16:30:08.483: D/Thread2(13237): Thread two cnt: 8 11-07 16:30:08.680: D/Thread1(13237): Thread one cnt: 6 11-07 16:30:08.818: D/Thread2(13237): Thread two cnt: 7 11-07 16:30:08.887: D/Thread1(13237): Thread one cnt: 5 11-07 16:30:09.095: D/Thread1(13237): Thread one cnt: 4 11-07 16:30:09.164: D/Thread2(13237): Thread two cnt: 6 11-07 16:30:09.303: D/Thread1(13237): Thread one cnt: 3 11-07 16:30:09.528: D/Thread2(13237): Thread two cnt: 5 11-07 16:30:09.528: D/Thread1(13237): Thread one cnt: 2 11-07 16:30:09.735: D/Thread1(13237): Thread one cnt: 1 11-07 16:30:09.875: D/Thread2(13237): Thread two cnt: 4 11-07 16:30:10.217: D/Thread2(13237): Thread two cnt: 3 11-07 16:30:10.558: D/Thread2(13237): Thread two cnt: 2 11-07 16:30:10.904: D/Thread2(13237): Thread two cnt: 1从结果我们可以看出,这两个线程的确是并行运行的。
MainActivity.java
package com.example.siqi; import android.os.Bundle; import android.app.Activity; import android.util.Log; import android.view.Menu; public class MainActivity extends Activity { /** *定义一个简单的线程SimpleThread */ public class SimpleThread extends Thread { @Override public void run() { int cnt = 10; while(cnt>0) { Log.d("Thread", "Thread cnt: " + cnt--); try { Thread.sleep(200); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); break; } } } } @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); SimpleThread thread1 = new SimpleThread(); SimpleThread thread2 = new SimpleThread(); thread1.start(); thread2.start(); } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu); return true; } }运行结果,突然发现截图比较不错:
可以看到是有两个线程14912和14913都在运行。
接下来,我们需要了解一下,为什么需要线程。
Android中有一个UI线程,这个线程专门负责用户可以看到的和接触到的内容,比如图片啊,Button等。Google为了提高界面的流畅度和体验,禁止阻塞UI线程。什么意思呢,比如我要在界面上显示一张图片,而这张图片是从网络上下载下来的。
源码:
MainActivity.java
package com.example.siqi; import java.io.IOException; import java.net.MalformedURLException; import java.net.URL; import android.os.Bundle; import android.app.Activity; import android.graphics.Bitmap; import android.graphics.BitmapFactory; import android.view.Menu; import android.widget.ImageView; public class MainActivity extends Activity { @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); ImageView mImageView = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.imageView1); Bitmap b = null; try { b = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new URL("http://www.baidu.com/img/baidu_sylogo1.gif").openConnection() .getInputStream()); } catch (MalformedURLException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } mImageView.setImageBitmap(b); } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu); return true; } }
界面:
activity_main.xml
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <TextView android:id="@+id/textView1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:layout_centerVertical="true" android:text="@string/hello_world" tools:context=".MainActivity" /> <ImageView android:id="@+id/imageView1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_above="@+id/textView1" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:layout_marginBottom="90dp" /> </RelativeLayout>需要的权限:<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
我们希望的结果是:
在Android2.1上面,这段代码是可以运行的,但是在4.xx的模拟器上(我现在机器启动不了4.XX的模拟器,正在想办法解决。。。),因为下载图片是网络交互,会Block阻塞住UI界面,如果这个图片很大或者网络不给力,这个下载需要好几分钟,那么在图片下载完成前,你是做不了任何事情的。你会用这样一个会几分钟不动弹的程序吗?No,估计几秒钟我都等不了了,直接结束掉。。。所以线程的用武之地到了。。。
现在我们就需要把图片的下载放到线程里面去:
MainActivity.java
package com.example.siqi; import java.io.IOException; import java.net.MalformedURLException; import java.net.URL; import android.os.Bundle; import android.app.Activity; import android.graphics.Bitmap; import android.graphics.BitmapFactory; import android.view.Menu; import android.widget.ImageView; public class MainActivity extends Activity { private ImageView mImageView; public class ImageDownloadThread extends Thread { @Override public void run() { Bitmap b = null; try { b = BitmapFactory.decodeStream( new URL("http://www.baidu.com/img/baidu_sylogo1.gif"). openConnection().getInputStream()); } catch (MalformedURLException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } mImageView.setImageBitmap(b); } } @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); mImageView = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.imageView1); ImageDownloadThread thread = new ImageDownloadThread(); thread.start(); } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu); return true; } }
报错:android.view.ViewRoot$CalledFromWrongThreadException: Only the original thread that created a view hierarchy can touch its views.
在Android里,只有UI线程可以操作界面。用GOOGLE的话说,用其他线程操作界面会造成不可预测的后果。用我们的话说,用其他线程操作UI会报错。。。
所以我们应该将下载图片放在线程里面,把设置图片在UI线程(可以叫主线程吧?)里面完成。
如何在主线程更新UI?Android给我们提供了至少3中方法:
View.post(Runnable)
方法View是什么呢?不需要解释了吧,一个按钮,它的类不是叫ButtonView么,List的叫ListView,都可以这样用。
package com.example.siqi; import java.io.IOException; import java.net.MalformedURLException; import java.net.URL; import android.os.Bundle; import android.app.Activity; import android.graphics.Bitmap; import android.graphics.BitmapFactory; import android.view.Menu; import android.widget.ImageView; public class MainActivity extends Activity { private ImageView mImageView; public class ImageDownloadThread extends Thread { @Override public void run() { try { final Bitmap b = BitmapFactory.decodeStream( new URL("http://www.baidu.com/img/baidu_sylogo1.gif"). openConnection().getInputStream()); mImageView.post(new Runnable() { public void run() { mImageView.setImageBitmap(b); } }); } catch (Exception e) { return; //报错了直接结束,可能的原因,网络啊,url地址等。 } } } @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); mImageView = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.imageView1); ImageDownloadThread thread = new ImageDownloadThread(); thread.start(); } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu); return true; } }结果:图片显示正确。
2)Activity.runOnUiThread(Runnable)
方法
package com.example.siqi; import java.net.URL; import android.os.Bundle; import android.app.Activity; import android.graphics.Bitmap; import android.graphics.BitmapFactory; import android.view.Menu; import android.widget.ImageView; public class MainActivity extends Activity { private ImageView mImageView; //定义一个线程 public class ImageDownloadThread extends Thread { @Override public void run() { try { final Bitmap b = BitmapFactory.decodeStream( new URL("http://www.baidu.com/img/baidu_sylogo1.gif"). openConnection().getInputStream()); MainActivity.this.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() { public void run() { mImageView.setImageBitmap(b); } }); } catch (Exception e) { return; //报错了直接结束,可能的原因,网络啊,url地址等。 } } } @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); mImageView = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.imageView1); //实例化一个线程并运行 ImageDownloadThread thread = new ImageDownloadThread(); thread.start(); } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu); return true; } }感觉不错哦,可以用在很多地方。
3)View.postDelayed(Runnable,long)
这个跟View.post没多大区别哈,自己参考文档去,后面那个参数是延迟的时间,在这个时间之后才更新UI
下一篇继续,这个有点长了。。。