MySQL常用用户管理命令

转自:http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_634091e50101c8vd.html

1、添加用户

本机访问权限:

  1. mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'username'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;

远程访问权限:

  1. mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'username'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;

另外还有一种方法是直接Insert INTO user,注意这种方法之后需要 FLUSH PRIVILEGES 让服务器重读授权表。

  1. insert into user(host,user,password,ssl_cipher,x509_issuer,x509_subject) values(‘localhost’,'xff’,password(‘xff’),”,”,”);
  2. FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

note:1)必须要加上ssl_cipher,x509_issuer,x509_subject三列,以为其默认值不为空(数据库版本为:5.0.51b)
2)FLUSH PRIVILEGES重载授权表,使权限更改生效
3)mysql是通过User表,Db表,Host表,Tables_priv 表,Columns_priv 表这5张表实现用户权限控制,均可以通过直接对这些表的操作以达到对用户的管理

 

解决MySQL不允许从远程访问的方法:

1。 改表法。

可能是你的帐号不允许从远程登陆,只能在localhost。这个时候只要在localhost的那台电脑,登入mysql后,更改 "mysql" 数据库里的 "user" 表里的 "host" 项,从"localhost"改称"%"

mysql -u root -pvmwaremysql>use mysql;

mysql>update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';

mysql>select host, user from user;

2. 授权法。

例如,你想myuser使用mypassword从任何主机连接到mysql服务器的话。

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'myuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;

FLUSH   PRIVILEGES;

如果你想允许用户myuser从ip为192.168.1.6的主机连接到mysql服务器,并使用mypassword作为密码

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'myuser'@'192.168.1.3' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;

FLUSH   PRIVILEGES;

如果你想允许用户myuser从ip为192.168.1.6的主机连接到mysql服务器的dk数据库,并使用mypassword作为密码

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON dk.* TO 'myuser'@'192.168.1.3' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;

FLUSH   PRIVILEGES;

我用的第一个方法,刚开始发现不行,在网上查了一下,少执行一个语句 mysql>FLUSH RIVILEGES 使修改生效.就可以了

2、删除用户

  1. drop user admin@localhost;(@不加默认为“%”)

3、权限回收

  1. revoke delete on test.* from admin@'localhost';

4、创建用户授权一起实现

  1. grant select,insert,update,delete on *.* to 'admin2′@'%' identified by ‘admin2′ with grant option;

note:在mysql中,如果@后面的登录范围不同,帐号可以一样

5、限制用户资源

  1. mysql> GRANT ALL ON customer.* TO 'francis'@'localhost'
  2. -> IDENTIFIED BY 'frank'
  3. -> WITH MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR 20
  4. -> MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR 10
  5. -> MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR 5
  6. -> MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS 2;

6、用户密码设置

使用mysqladmin:

  1. shell> mysqladmin -u user_name -h host_name password "newpwd"

或在mysql里执行语句:

  1. mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'username'@'%' = PASSWORD('password');

如果只是更改自己的密码,则:

  1. mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD(‘password’);

在全局级别使用GRANT USAGE语句(在*.*)来指定某个账户的密码:

  1. mysql> GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'username'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

或直接修改MySQL库表:

  1. mysql> UPDATE user SET Password = PASSWORD('bagel')  WHERE Host = '%' AND User = 'francis';
  2. mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

修改root密码:

  1. update mysql.user set password=password(‘passw0rd’) where user=’root’;
  2. FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

7、关于加密

  1. mysql> select PASSWORD('password');
  2. +-------------------------------------------+
  3. | PASSWORD('password')                      |
  4. +-------------------------------------------+
  5. | *2470C0C06DEE42FD1618BB99005ADCA2EC9D1E19 |
  6. +-------------------------------------------+
  7. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
  8.  
  9. mysql> select MD5('hello');
  10. +----------------------------------+
  11. | MD5('hello')                     |
  12. +----------------------------------+
  13. | 5d41402abc4b2a76b9719d911017c592 |
  14. +----------------------------------+
  15. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
  16.  
  17. mysql> select SHA1('abc');
  18.  
  19. -> 'a9993e364706816aba3e25717850c26c9cd0d89d'

SHA1()是为字符串算出一个 SHA1 160比特检查和,如RFC 3174 (安全散列算法)中所述。

8、授权精确到列

  1. grant select (cur_url,pre_url) on test.abc to admin@localhost;

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