使用JSR303进行参数校验

JSR 303 – Bean Validation 是一个数据验证的规范。

在任何时候,当你要处理一个应用程序的业务逻辑时,必须要考虑数据校验,确保输入进来的数据从语 义上来讲是正确的。在通常的情况下,应用程序是分层的,不同的层由不同的开发人员来完成。很多时候同样的数据验证逻辑会出现在不同的层,这样就会导致代码冗余、不利于维护等问题。使用Bean Validation,将验证逻辑与相应的域模型进行绑定,能够很好的避免发生这样的问题。

Bean Validation 为 JavaBean 验证定义了相应的元数据模型和 API。缺省的元数据是 Java Annotations。在应用程序中,通过使用 Bean Validation 或是你自己定义的 constraint,例如@NotNull,@Max,@Size, 就可以确保数据模型(JavaBean)的正确性。Bean Validation 是一个运行时的数据验证框架,在验证之后验证的错误信息会被马上返回。

Hibernate Validator 是 Bean Validation 的参考实现 . Hibernate Validator 提供了 JSR 303 规范中所有内置 constraint 的实现,除此之外还有一些附加的 constraint。借助Hibernate Validator,可以很好的进行参数验证。

例子如下(摘自参考文档2的内容):

1、maven依赖:

		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba.external</groupId>
			<artifactId>sourceforge.hibernate.validator</artifactId>
			<version>4.0.2.GA</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba.external</groupId>
			<artifactId>java.validation.api</artifactId>
			<version>1.0.0.GA</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba.external</groupId>
			<artifactId>org.slf4j.slf4j-api</artifactId>
			<version>1.5.6</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba.external</groupId>
			<artifactId>org.slf4j.slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
			<version>1.5.6</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba.external</groupId>
			<artifactId>jakarta.log4j</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.16</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba.external</groupId>
			<artifactId>sourceforge.spring</artifactId>
			<version>2.5.6</version>
		</dependency>

2、要校验的Java Bean

package com.mycompany;
import javax.validation.constraints.Min;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import javax.validation.constraints.Size;
public class Car {
    @NotNull
    private String manufacturer;
    @NotNull
    @Size(min = 2, max = 14)
    private String licensePlate;
    @Min(2)
    private int seatCount;
    public Car(String manufacturer, String licencePlate, int seatCount) {
        this.manufacturer = manufacturer;
        this.licensePlate = licencePlate;
        this.seatCount = seatCount;
    }
    //getters and setters ...
}
3、进行的校验

import javax.validation.Validation;
import javax.validation.Validator;
import javax.validation.ValidatorFactory;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
public class CarTest {
private static Validator validator;
    @BeforeClass
    public static void setUp() {
        ValidatorFactory factory = Validation.buildDefaultValidatorFactory();
        validator = factory.getValidator();
    }
    @Test
    public void manufacturerIsNull() {
        Car car = new Car(null, "DD-AB-123", 4);
        Set<ConstraintViolation<Car>> constraintViolations =
        validator.validate(car);
        assertEquals(1, constraintViolations.size());
        assertEquals("may not be null", 
            constraintViolations.iterator().next().getMessage());
    }
    @Test
    public void licensePlateTooShort() {
        Car car = new Car("Morris", "D", 4);
        Set<ConstraintViolation<Car>> constraintViolations =
             validator.validate(car);
        assertEquals(1, constraintViolations.size());
        assertEquals("size must be between 2 and
            14", constraintViolations.iterator().next().getMessage());
    }
}

更详细的使用,请看参考文档2.

参考文档:

1、JSR 303:http://jcp.org/en/jsr/summary?id=303

2、HIBERNATE Validator:http://docs.jboss.org/hibernate/validator/4.2/reference/en-US/pdf/hibernate_validator_reference.pdf

3、中文版的:http://docs.jboss.org/hibernate/validator/4.2/reference/zh-CN/html/validator-usingvalidator.html

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