一点小总结,对于类成员,最好是放在初始化列表里进行初始化,优点如下:
#include "stdafx.h" #include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { class Class1 { public: int m_iValue; Class1()// 无参构造函数 { std::cout << "Construct Class1" << std::endl; } Class1(const Class1 &class1)// 拷贝构造函数 { std::cout << "Copy constructor Class1" << std::endl; this->m_iValue = class1.m_iValue; } Class1& operator = (const Class1 &class1)// 赋值运算符 { std::cout << "operator = Class1" << std::endl; this->m_iValue = class1.m_iValue; return *this; } Class1& operator ()(const Class1 &class1)// 赋值运算符 { std::cout << "operator () Class1" << std::endl; this->m_iValue = class1.m_iValue; return *this; } }; class Class2 { public: Class1 m_class1; Class2(Class1 &class1) : m_class1(class1) { std::cout << "Construct Class2" << std::endl; } }; class Class3 { public: Class1 m_class1; Class3(Class1 &class1) { m_class1(class1); std::cout << "Construct Class3" << std::endl; } }; class Class4 { public: Class1 m_class1; Class4(Class1 &class1) { m_class1 = class1; std::cout << "Construct Class4" << std::endl; } }; Class1 c1 ; std::cout << "======================" << std::endl; Class2 c2(c1) ; std::cout << "======================" << std::endl; Class3 c3(c1) ; std::cout << "======================" << std::endl; Class4 c4(c1) ; getchar(); return 0; }
Class2的成员是在初始化列表里进行初始化,而Class3和Class4的成员是在构造函数里进行直接初始化或者赋值初始化
从运行结果来看,Class2与Class3和Class4少调用了一次Class1的构造函数,当Class1的类对象比较大时,初始化列表
的优点就充分体现出来,另外,像常量成员和引用类型对象必须在初始化列表里进行初始化